No abstract available.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Carcinoma, Endometrioid*

No abstract available.

Maffucci's syndrome is a congenital, non-hereditary mesodermal d splasia manifested by multiple enchondromas and hemangiomas. Several case reports and reviews indicate that there is a tendency toward malignant transformation of the enchondroma. The incidence of malignancy may be as high as 30%. We report a case of 10-year-old female with multiple hemangiomas on the face, palms, and soles and skeletal chondromatoses of the multiple bones.
Child ; Chondroma ; Chondromatosis ; Enchondromatosis ; Female ; Hemangioma ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mesoderm

PURPOSE: To estimate the prevalence of acute appendicitis and the relationship between pregnancy and acute appendicitis among South Korean women in 2009. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study over 1 year period using a national registry data. We analyzed a national patient sample (n = 1,116,040) from a database complied by the South Korean National Health Insurance in 2009. RESULTS: We identified 15,974 cases of acute appendicitis from 2009. The prevalence rate of acute appendicitis was 228 +/- 2 per 100,000 persons. The prevalence in men was higher than in women. The peak prevalence of the disease in both genders occurred in patients aged 10 to 14 years. After that, prevalence declined with age. The prevalence of acute appendicitis in women aged 20 to 39 years was negatively associated with age and pregnancy (P < 0.001) but was not associated with socioeconomic status. The prevalence of perforated appendicitis cases by age is represented by a U-shaped curve. The prevalence was highest in people less than five years of age and in people older than 60 years. CONCLUSION: We found that the prevalence of acute appendicitis decreased with increasing age after early teens, and that the prevalence of acute appendicitis in pregnant women was lower than in nonpregnant women.
Adolescent ; Aged ; Aging ; Appendicitis ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; National Health Programs ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women ; Prevalence ; Social Class

No abstract available.
Heart* ; Thoracic Surgery* ; Thyroid Gland*

The effect of preanesthetic administration of glycopyrrolate and cimetidine on gastric fluid pH and volume were studied. Forty patients scheduled for elective surgery were fandomly placed into two groups. Patients in group 1 were given glycopyrrolate intramuscularly (0.003 mg/kg) 30-60 minutes before induction of anesthesia, while group 2 patients received glycopyrrolate intramuscularly and 200mg of cimetidine intravenouly 2 hours before induction of anesthesia. Nasogastric tubes were placed and gastric pH and volume were measured. The results showed that patients in group 1 hade a medn gastric pH of 2.428+/-1.378. Twenty five percent of these patients had gastric contents with a pH of 2.428+/-1.378. Twenty five percent of these patients had gastric contents with a pH above 2.5 and a volume greater than 25ml. In contrast, group 2 patients had a mean gastric pH of 5.566+/-1.969, 85 percent had a ph above 2.5 and 15 percent had a volume greater than 25ml. These findings demonstrate that cimetidine markedly increases gastric pH. The authors recoment that patients reciving general anesthesia be given cimetidine preoperatively.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General ; Cimetidine* ; Glycopyrrolate ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration*

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the safety and clinical effect of artificial shrinkage (AS) in terms of assisted hatching of fresh blastocysts. Also, we evaluated the correlation between patient age and the effect of AS on clinical outcome. METHODS: Two AS methods, using a 29-gauge needle and laser pulse, were compared. Seventy-three blastocysts were shrunk using a 29-gauge needle and the same number of other blastocysts were shrunk by a laser pulse. We evaluated the shrunken blastocysts hourly and considered them viable if they re-expanded >70%. Blastocyst transfer cycles (n=134) were divided into two groups: a control group consisted of the cycles whose intact embryos were transferred (n=100), while the AS group consisted of the cycles whose embryos were replaced following AS (n=34). The implantation and pregnancy rates of the control group and AS group were compared (p<0.05). RESULTS: The re-expansion rates of the 29-gauge needle and laser pulse AS groups were similar (56 [76.7%] vs. 62 [84.9%], respectively). All of the remaining shrunken blastocysts were re-expanded within 2 hours. There was no degeneration of shrunken blastocysts. The total and clinical pregnancy rate of the AS group (23 [67.6%]; 20 [58.8%], respectively) was significantly higher than that of the control group (47 [47.0%]; 39 [39.0%], respectively). In the older patient group, there was no difference in the clinical outcomes between the AS and control groups. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that AS of blastocoele cavity, followed by the transfer, would be a useful approach to improve the clinical outcome in cycles in which fresh blastocyst stage embryos are transferred.
Blastocyst ; Embryo Transfer ; Embryonic Structures ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Humans ; Needles ; Pregnancy Rate

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) on changes in airflow in the upper airway (UA) of an adult patient with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) using computational fluid-structure interaction analysis. METHODS: Three-dimensional UA models fabricated from cone beam computed tomography images obtained before (T0) and after (T1) MARPE in an adult patient with OSAS were used for computational fluid dynamics with fluid-structure interaction analysis. Seven and nine cross-sectional planes (interplane distance of 10 mm) in the nasal cavity (NC) and pharynx, respectively, were set along UA. Changes in the cross-sectional area and changes in airflow velocity and pressure, node displacement, and total resistance at maximum inspiration (MI), rest, and maximum expiration (ME) were investigated at each plane after MARPE. RESULTS: The cross-sectional areas at most planes in NC and the upper half of the pharynx were significantly increased at T1. Moreover, airflow velocity decreased in the anterior NC at MI and ME and in the nasopharynx and oropharynx at MI. The decrease in velocity was greater in NC than in the pharynx. The airflow pressure in the anterior NC and entire pharynx exhibited a decrease at T1. The amount of node displacement in NC and the pharynx was insignificant at both T0 and T1. Absolute values for the total resistance at MI, rest, and ME were lower at T1 than at T0. CONCLUSIONS: MARPE improves airflow and decreases resistance in UA; therefore, it may be an effective treatment modality for adult patients with moderate OSAS.
Adult* ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Humans ; Hydrodynamics ; Nasal Cavity ; Nasopharynx ; Oropharynx ; Pharynx ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive*

Klinefelter syndrome is the most common form of male hypogonadism. It is characterized by small, firm testis, gynecomastia, a variable degree of eunuchoidism, azoospermia, elevated gonadotropin level. Increased frequency of diabetes mellitus, breast cancer, empysema, chronic bronchitis, varicose vein, germ cell neoplasia occurs in Klinefelter syndrome. We report a 19 year-old male patient with diabetes mellitus in association with Klinefelter syndrome, which was confirmed by chromosome analysis. The patient is being treated with insulin for diabetes mellius and with testostrone replacement for Klinefelter syndrome.
Azoospermia ; Breast Neoplasms ; Bronchitis, Chronic ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Eunuchism ; Germ Cells ; Gonadotropins ; Gynecomastia ; Humans ; Hypogonadism ; Insulin ; Klinefelter Syndrome ; Male ; Testis ; Varicose Veins

Maxillary osteotomy is a commonly performed maxillary surgical procedure for the correction of dentofacial deformities. LeFort I osteotomy necessitate seperation of the skeleton of the middle third of the face from its posterior attachments to the cranium. With conventional techniques, an osteotome is placed between the maxilla and pterygoid plates and tapped medially and anteriorly to separate the pterygomaxillary junction. To separate the pterygomaxillary junction safely, knowledge on the anatomical structures of the pterygopalatine fossa area is very important to surgeons. So, to clarify the anatomical structures as it relates to the surgical approach of the pterygomaxillary junction area, Korean skulls (male 110 sides, female 44 sides) were used. The results were as follows. 1. In Korean skulls, the height of the pterygomaxillary junction was 16.4 +/-3.9 mm on the right side and 16.5 +/-3.8 mm on the left side in males. In females, height of that was 14.9 +/-2.0 mm on the right side and 15.7 +/-2.4 mm on the left side. The width of the pterygomaxillary junction was 12.3 +/-2.0 mm on the right side and 11.8 +/-1.5 mm on the left side in males. In female skulls, the width of that was 11.4 +/-1.6 mm and 11.1 +/-1.3mm on the right and left side, respectively. The distance from the pterygomaxillary junction to the orifice of the greater palatine foramen was 10.4 +/-1.8 mm(the right), 10.4 +/-1.7 mm(the left) in males and 9.4 +/-1.6 mm(the right), 9.6 +/-1.5 mm(the left) in females. 2. The shape and location of the greater palatine foramen as it relates to the position of the maxillary molar teeth were investigated. The shape of the all greater palatine foramina was oval shape in which had long diameter antero -posteriorly. The greater palatine foramen was located at the palatal position of the maxillary third molar was the most commonly observed. And the prevalence in which the greater palataine foramen was located at the palatal position of the maxillary second molar and was located at the palatal position between the maxillary second molar and the maxillary third molar were 5.6 % and 18.5 %, respectively. In two cases, the greater palatine foramen were located at the palatal position of the distal aspect of the maxillary third molar. The mean distance from the greater palatine foramen to the posterior end of the palatine bone was 3.7 +/-1.3 mm(the right), 3.9 +/-1.4 mm(the left) in males, and 3.4 +/-1.2 mm(the right), 3.3 +/-1.2 mm(the left) in females. 3. As a surgico -anatomical data, the location of the pterygomaxillary junction related to the nasal floor and maxillary alveolar arch was observed. The height from the level of the the nasal floor plane to the superior border of the pterygomaxillary junction was 11.6 +/-3.8 mm (the right), 11.0 +/-3.4 mm(the left) in males and 10.8 +/-2.2 mm(the right), 10.7 +/-2.4 mm(the left) in females. Measuring value of the depth from the sagittal plane passing the outermost maxillary alveolar arch to the outer region of the pterygomaxillary junction was 7.1 +/-1.9 mm in right side and 6.9 +/-1.6 mm in left side. Taken all together, with regard to the morphology of the pterygomaxillary junction, pterygomaxillary dysjunction would be safely done with pterygomaxillary osteotome which has a width of 15mm in Koreans. And for the sake of surgical safety, osteotomy should be angled inferiorly from the zygomaticomaxillary crest.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Dentofacial Deformities ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Maxilla ; Maxillary Osteotomy* ; Molar ; Molar, Third ; Osteotomy ; Palate, Hard ; Prevalence ; Pterygopalatine Fossa ; Skeleton ; Skull* ; Tooth