No abstract available.
Nocardia Infections*

No abstract available.
Histiocytosis*

Three-dimensional surgical accuracy between virtually planned and actual surgical movements of the maxilla in two-jaw orthognathic surgery.

Three-dimensional surgical accuracy between virtually planned and actual surgical movements of the maxilla in two-jaw orthognathic surgery.

OBJECTIVES: To estimate false-negative rate of cervical smears using Autopap 300 QC system in rescreening modality. METHODS: From September 1997 to December 1997, Total 26,983 cervical smears were obtained and 18,592 cervical smears were rescreened by Autopap 300 QC system with 10% review rate. The 274 cases of total 26,983 cervieal smears were confirmed histologically by colposcopic biopsy, cone biopsy and hysterectomy. The 274 cases of cervical smears, which obtained prior to pathologic diagnosis made, were evaluated based on cyto-histologic correlation and then the false negative rate were estimated. The cervical smears were reviewed, researching for the cause of false negative. RESULTS: (1) Histologic diagnosis of 274 cases include 65 cases of Low SIL, 173 cases of High SIL, 29 cases of SCC, 2 cases of adenocarcinoma in situ, and 5 cases of invasive adenocarcinoma. (2) The false negative rate were 3% (9/274). Those were 6.2%(4/65) of LSIL, 2.3% (4/173) Of HSIL, none of SCC and AIS, and 20%(5/1) of invasive adenocarcinoma. (3) The false negative cases were reviewed. The 6 cases were sampling enor and 3 cases were screening error. CONCLUSION: Using AutoPap 300 QC system in rescreening modality, The false negative rate of cervical smears were decreased, compared with our previous study.
Adenocarcinoma ; Biopsy ; Diagnosis ; Hysterectomy ; Mass Screening ; Vaginal Smears

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The Herpes Simplex type 2 Defective Infectious Single Cycle virus (DISC virus) is an attenuated virus originally produced as a viral vaccine, but it also serves as an efficient gene transfer vehicle. The main goals of this study were to examine determinants of gene transfer using DISC vectors for squamous cell carcinoma and to evaluate the efficacy of vaccination with the DISC virus carrying a combination of immunomodulatory genes (IL-2, GM-CSF) as cancer therapy in a model of squamous cell cancer in the C3H/HeJ mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We determinated the gene and protein expression of DISC-IL-2 and DISC-GM-CSF transfected SCCVII cells by RT-PCR and ELISA method. Also, we evaluated the ex vivo vaccination effects of DISC-IL-2 and DISC-GMCSF on preventing the development of SCCVII tumor. RESULTS: SCCVII cells transduced by the DISC virus vector (MOI=10) carrying the IL-2, or the GM-CSF gene, produced nanogram quantities of IL-2 or GM-CSF per 10(6) cells. Of particular interest was the observation that cells irradiated at different doses (5,000 cGy, 10,000 cGy) secreted levels of GM-CSF or IL-2 that were comparable to non-irradiated cells. In vivo vaccination using tumor cells transduced ex vivo with DISC-IL-2 or DISC-GMCSF resulted in protection against subsequent tumor challenge (p<0.01). Among the multiple immunomodulatory transgenes vaccination groups, the DISC-GMCSF transfected vaccine showed the greatest suppression of tumor development and growth (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: These data demonstrate that: 1) The DISC virus vector is capable of efficient gene transfer to SCCVII cells, 2) The GM-CSF secreting, genetically modified tumor vaccine (SCCVII/GMCSF) efficiently protected against tumor cell challenge and suppressed tumor growth in our tumor model. The DISC virus-mediated, cytokine gene transfer may prove to be useful in clinical therapy for head and neck cancers.
Animals ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Genetic Therapy* ; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor* ; Growth and Development ; Head* ; Herpes Simplex ; Interleukin-2* ; Mice ; Neck* ; Neoplasms, Squamous Cell* ; Transgenes ; Vaccination

PURPOSE: Most stones in the urinary tract can be managed by SWL, percutaneous nephrolithotomy and ureteroscopic lithotripsy, however in some patients whose calculi were not managed by these methods, open surgery must be considered. We performed ureterolithotomy using laparoscopy assisted small incision in upper ureter stone and compared their efficacy with conventional ureterolithotomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 10 patients whose stones were not fragmented by SWL or who showed intractable pain were managed by laparoscopy assisted small flank incision of 5cm without insufflation of gas(group I). We compared the efficacy of this procedure with 10 patients who underwent conventional ureterolithotomy(group II) in operating time, the number of analgesics required for the management of postoperative pain control, hospital stay, immediate complication and medical expenses. RESULTS: The stones were successfully removed in all patients. The operating times ranged 40 to 150 min(mean 98.5) in group I and 60 to 190 min(mean 83.0) in group II. The mean requirement of analgesics and hospital stay after surgery were 2.4 times and 3.4 days in group I, and 8.4 times and 6.8 days in group II respectively. The mean medical expenses were 803,000 won in group I and 956,000 won in group II. No intra-operative complication was noted in group II, but 1 patient showed urine leakage in group I, which was managed by placement of ureteral catheter. In immediate postoperative complications, 1 patient complained wound pain persisted over 1 month in group I but 6 patients in group II. CONCLUSIONS: Ureterolithotomy using laparoscopy assisted small incision is another modality in the management of upper ureter stone which was not managed by SWL, percutaneous nephrolithotomy and ureteroscopic lithotripsy. Furthermore, this procedure is safe and effective, and offers significant advantages in hospital stay, requirement of analgesics, and medical expense.
Analgesics ; Calculi ; Humans ; Insufflation ; Laparoscopy* ; Length of Stay ; Lithotripsy ; Nephrostomy, Percutaneous ; Pain, Intractable ; Pain, Postoperative ; Postoperative Complications ; Ureter* ; Urinary Catheters ; Urinary Tract ; Wounds and Injuries

The incidence of adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction (AEG) has increased rapidly over the past three decades in Western countries, but data from Asian populations are conflicting. The most commonly used classification is that described by Siewert and Stein, which defines AEG as tumors that have their center within 5 cm proximal or distal to the anatomic cardia. However, there is lack of consensus in definition and classification of AEG, which has resulted in difficulties in comparing the various studies on the epidemiology of AEG. The cause of changing pattern of AEG is not clear. Known risk factors for AEG are Barrett's esophagus, gastroesophageal reflux, obesity, smoking, and medications that relax the lower esophageal sphincter. On the other hand, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), Helicobacter pylori infection, fruits and vegetables, and antioxidants might reduce the risk. Currently, there is no evidence that strongly supports any strategy for surveillance of population at high risk of AEG. In Asian countries, the incidence of AEG still low, however, some countries report the increasing trend of adenocarcinoma of lower esophagus and cardia.
Adenocarcinoma ; Antioxidants ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Barrett Esophagus ; Cardia ; Consensus ; Esophageal Sphincter, Lower ; Esophagogastric Junction ; Esophagus ; Fruit ; Gastroesophageal Reflux ; Hand ; Helicobacter pylori ; Humans ; Incidence ; Obesity ; Risk Factors ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Vegetables

No abstract available.
Ulcer*

PURPOSE: Parenchymal iron deposition occurs in hemochromatosis, while iron is deposited in reticuloendothelial cells after blood transfusions(Hemosiderosis). We stuided correlation between MR finding and clinical findings(serum ferritin, TSI, LFT, disease duration) of hemosiderosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 12 patients with chronic renal failure and one patient with aplastic anemia, who have received multiple transfusion, were performed MRI with a 2.0 Tesla unit. RESULTS: In All of 13 patients(17 cases), the liver revealed low signal intensity equal to background noise. In 4 of 17 cases whose serum ferritin level was below 1000 ng/ml, pancreas, gastric wall, adrenal gland were involved in 1 case. In 4 cases with serum ferritin level between 1000 and 1500, pancreas was involved in 2 cases, and other organ was involved in 1 case. In 9 cases with serum ferritin level above 1500ng/ml, pancreas involved in 9 cases, and other organ in 4 cases. CONCLUSIONS: The MR findings are well correlated with serum ferritin level whereas the TSI, LFT, disease duration are not correlated with involved organ on MR.
Adrenal Glands ; Anemia, Aplastic ; Ferritins ; Hemochromatosis ; Hemosiderosis* ; Humans ; Iron ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Liver ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Noise ; Pancreas