No abstract available.
Decompression* ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Spine* ; Titanium*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the prevalence and type distribution of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in genital warts of Korean men, and for the first time, to describe the risk factors associated with high-risk HPV infection in male genital warts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a single private clinic, 150 consecutive male patients with histopathologic-confirmed genital warts who underwent HPV genotyping by use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were included in this study. We detected HPV DNA in male genital warts and evaluated HPV type distribution, especially high-risk HPV types, by use of PCR. The associations between HPV prevalence and various characteristics, such as age, circumcision status, type of genital warts diagnosis (new vs. recurrent), number of lesions, site of lesions, and gross morphology, were assessed by use of unconditional multiple logistic regression. RESULTS: High-risk HPV types were detected in 31 cases (23.5%), and of these, 27 cases (20.5%) contained both high-risk and low-risk HPV types. The most frequently detected high-risk HPV types were HPV16 (6.8%), HPV33 (4.5%), HPV18 (2.3%), and HPV68 (2.3%). In particular, the prevalence of infection with HPV16 and/or HPV18 was 8.3% (11 of 132). In the multivariate analysis, lesions located at sites including the base of the penis or the pubic area, papular or mixed genital warts, and lack of circumcision significantly increased the association with high-risk HPV infection in male genital warts. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of high-risk HPV infection was substantial in male genital warts. The site and morphology of lesions and circumcision status were significantly associated with the prevalence of high-risk HPV infection.
Circumcision, Male ; Condylomata Acuminata* ; Diagnosis ; DNA ; Female ; Human papillomavirus 16 ; Humans* ; Logistic Models ; Male* ; Multivariate Analysis ; Papillomavirus Infections* ; Penis ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prevalence* ; Risk Factors

1. Evaluation of the Neural Injury For evaluation of neural injury from the thoracolumbar spine fracture, we should know the type and extent of injury. In case of the complete Spinal Cord Injury( SCI - Frankel classification A), they will not only lose the spinal cord function permanently distal to the injury site, but also show the probability 0~9% from Frankel A to D or E. But in case of the incomplete SCI, they will show sacral sparing and some kind of function will be recovered. The anticipation of recovery from the SCI depend on the results of neurologic examination after the spinal shock. If they have motor sparing, 86% of patients show the recovery of motor function during the first 6 month. The factor that influence to neurologic recovery are the initial kyphosis angle and canal compromising pattern, and do not influenced by treatmet methods. 2. The Factor of the Neural Injury Recovery 1) Conservative treatment in acute stage The inital pathophysiology of SCI is the mechanical injury, but secondary injury will be occur by impairment of blood supply and biochemical alteration, formation of free radial, release of glutamic acid, calcium influx, lipid peroxidation. Immediate methylprednisolone could minimize the spinal cord inury during the first 8 hours, and other GM-1 ganglioside, naloxone, TRH, spinal cord cooling, hyperbaric theraphy will be helpful. 2) Surgical treatment The factor influence the recovery of SCI (1) time interval injury to operation, (2)decompression of neural element, (3) reduction of fractured fragment. 3) Management of the Residual chronic stage Most common cause of death in SCI is urinary complication. We always should consider the improvement bladder function in SCI and the maintenance of low bladder pressure and feel free a bladder symptom.
Calcium ; Cause of Death ; Classification ; Glutamic Acid ; Humans ; Kyphosis ; Lipid Peroxidation ; Methylprednisolone ; Naloxone ; Neurologic Examination ; Shock ; Spinal Cord ; Spine* ; Urinary Bladder

Among the 98 patients who underwent operations for thoracolumbar spinal lesions from May 1989 to September 1994, the authors performed clinical analysis of 72 patients who were followed-up for more than 12 months. There were 52 cases of trauma, 18 cases of tuberculous spondylitis, and 2 cases of metastatic tumor. After partial or toal vertebrectomy, interbody fusion was performed using autogenous iliac bone or autogenous ribs which were taken while approaching the thoracic spine, and stabilized using Kaneda devices. Complete neural decompression was possible under direct vision in all cases. Neurologic deficits improved to an average of 1.7 grades using a modified Frankel scale. Patients with tuberculous spondylitis did not show recurrence or any evidence of increased risk of secondary infection caused by instrumentation. Loosening or breakdown of instruments occurred in 4 patients, and spinal deformity in 7 patients, but reoperation was not needed in any of these patients. By anterior decompression, interbody fusion and stabilization using Kaneda device in thoracolumbar spinal lesions, we could obtain satisfactory neurologic improvement as well as immediate firm stability and high fusion rate involving only a minimum(usually two) number of motion segments as compared with the posterior approach.
Coinfection ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Decompression ; Humans ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Recurrence ; Reoperation ; Ribs ; Spine ; Spondylitis

OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to investigate the agreement between medical history questionnaire data and claims data and to identify the factors that were associated with discrepancies between these data types. METHODS: Data from self-reported questionnaires that assessed an individual's history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, stroke, heart disease, and pulmonary tuberculosis were collected from a general health screening database for 2014. Data for these diseases were collected from a healthcare utilization claims database between 2009 and 2014. Overall agreement, sensitivity, specificity, and kappa values were calculated. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with discrepancies and was adjusted for age, gender, insurance type, insurance contribution, residential area, and comorbidities. RESULTS: Agreement was highest between questionnaire data and claims data based on primary codes up to 1 year before the completion of self-reported questionnaires and was lowest for claims data based on primary and secondary codes up to 5 years before the completion of self-reported questionnaires. When comparing data based on primary codes up to 1 year before the completion of self-reported questionnaires, the overall agreement, sensitivity, specificity, and kappa values ranged from 93.2 to 98.8%, 26.2 to 84.3%, 95.7 to 99.6%, and 0.09 to 0.78, respectively. Agreement was excellent for hypertension and diabetes, fair to good for stroke and heart disease, and poor for pulmonary tuberculosis and dyslipidemia. Women, younger individuals, and employed individuals were most likely to under-report disease. CONCLUSIONS: Detailed patient characteristics that had an impact on information bias were identified through the differing levels of agreement.
Bias (Epidemiology) ; Comorbidity ; Data Accuracy ; Delivery of Health Care ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Dyslipidemias ; Female ; Heart Diseases ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Insurance ; Logistic Models ; Mass Screening ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Stroke ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

We evaluated gastric emptying time (GET) by using Tc99m-sulfur colloid gastric emptying scintigraphy in 11 patients with CAPD (6 male, 5 female) and 14 healthy volunteers. We investigated the effect of dialysate dwelling on GET by studying twice, once without dialysate in the abdomen (drained) and once with 2 L of dialysate in the abdomen (full), and the relationship between body surface area (BSA) and delayed gastric emptying. 1) The mean of gastric emptying rate in 120 minute in patients with CAPD when drained (67.8+/-13.4%) was not different from that in healthy volunteers (65.4+/-8.6%) 2) The mean of gastric emptying rate in 120 minute when full (55.6+/-14.6%) was significantly lower than that when drained (67.8+/-13.4%) (P<0.05). In four of the 11 patients (36.4%), gastric emptying was extremely delayed from normal to abnormal range when full. 3) The BSA (1.5+/-0.11m2)of patients who had extremely delayed GET from normal to abnormal range was smaller than that (1.74+/-0.22m2) of patients who had minimal delayed or unchanged GET when full. This study showed the patient with CAPD had normal gastric emptying when drained, and that gastric emptying was delayed by dialysate dwelling, especially in the patients who has less than 1.5m2 of body surface area. Therefore, we suggest that intermittent nocturnal peritoneal dialysis or a small volume of dialysate may be considered for the patient with small body surface area based on the adequacy.
Abdomen ; Body Surface Area ; Colloids ; Gastric Emptying* ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Male ; Peritoneal Dialysis ; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory* ; Radionuclide Imaging

Cockcroft and Gault's formula is frequently used to estimate creatinine (Ccr) in clinical practice. To determine the accuracy of such estimation in Korean patients, we measured simultaneously, serum creatinine and 24-hour urinary creatinine excretion in 696 Korean patients (male:350, female:346). Measured Ccr was significantly different from estimated Ccr in several age groups and the decrease of creatinine excretion with age is less than Cockcroft and Gault's estimation. We assumed that this difference can be due to difference of the body habitus and difference of urinary creatinine excretion per body weight between different races. So we divided the sample population into two groups and derived the new formula in one group with regression analysis between age and 24 hour urinary creatinine excretion per body weight for estimation of Ccr as Cockcroft and Gault derived their formula and applied it to another group to compare the new formula with Cockcroft and Gault's formula in Korean patients. The new formula was Ccr (mL/min)=[ (260-age)x weight (kg)]/[160 x serumCr (mg/dL)] for male and Ccr (mL/min)-[ (236-age) x weight (kg)]/[180 x serum Cr (mg/dL)] for female. Predictive accuracy of the new formula was significantly better than the Cockcroft and Gault's formula in the other sample population and also in subgroup of the patients with azotemia.
Azotemia ; Body Weight ; Continental Population Groups ; Creatinine* ; Female ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Humans ; Male

Superficial peroneal nerve entrapment is an uncommon compression neuropathy, and is frequently associated with a fascial defect and a muscle hernia. The standard treatment of that was the nerve decompression by complete or limited fasciotomy. But, we experienced a case of superficial peroneal nerve entrapment had satisfactory surgical outcome by fascial repair of peroneus muscle.
Decompression ; Hernia ; Muscles ; Peroneal Nerve

Congenital bladder diverticula, unassociated with an obstruction or a neuropathic bladder, are unusual, occurring almost exclusively in boys. Most congenital bladder diverticula are silent, usually developing from a primary defect due to localized weakness in the detrusor. We report a case of congenital bladder diverticulum in a 5-year-old boy with a history of recurrent urinary tract infection.
Child* ; Child, Preschool ; Diverticulum* ; Humans ; Male ; Urinary Bladder* ; Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract*

PURPOSE: Anesthesia and surgery commonly cause hypothermia, and this caused by a combination of anesthetic-induced impairment of thermoregulatory control, a cold operation room environment and other factors that promote heat loss. All the general anesthetics markedly impair normal autonomic thermoregulatory control. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of two different types of propofol versus inhalation anesthetic on the body temperature. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this randomized controlled study, 36 patients scheduled for elective laparoscopic gastrectomy were allocated into three groups; group S (sevoflurane, n=12), group L (lipid-emulsion propofol, n=12) and group M (micro-emulsion propofol, n=12). Anesthesia was maintained with typical doses of the study drugs and all the groups received continuous remifentanil infusion. The body temperature was continuously monitored after the induction of general anesthesia until the end of surgery. RESULTS: The body temperature was decreased in all the groups. The temperature gradient of each group (group S, group L and group M) at 180 minutes from induction of anesthesia was 2.5+/-0.6degrees C, 1.6+/-0.5degrees C and 2.3+/-0.6degrees C, respectively. The body temperature of group L was significantly higher than that of group S and group M at 30 minutes and 75 minute after induction of anesthesia, respectively. There were no temperature differences between group S and group M. CONCLUSION: The body temperature is maintained at a higher level in elderly patients anesthetized with lipid-emulsion propofol.
Aged ; Aging ; Anesthesia, General/*methods ; Anesthetics, Combined/administration & dosage ; Anesthetics, Inhalation/*administration & dosage ; Anesthetics, Intravenous/*administration & dosage ; Body Temperature/*drug effects ; Body Temperature Regulation/drug effects ; Fat Emulsions, Intravenous ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Methyl Ethers/*administration & dosage ; Middle Aged ; Propofol/*administration & dosage