The predictive accuracy of the SRK II, SRK/T and Holladay formulas was evaluated in 22 eyes with sever myopia who had phacoemulsification and implantaton of posterior chamber IOL without suture. These patients were followed up for at least 6 months postoperatively. Correlation coefficient between the predicted refraction and actual refraction was 0.57(P<0.01) in the eyes using the SRK/T, 0.566(P<0.01) in the Holladay and (0.06(P=0.791) in the SRK II. The mean absolute error in the SRK/T 0.85 was smaller than that of the Holladay 1.04 and the SRK II1.08(p<0.05). The percentage of the eyes with absolute error within 1D was 68% in the SRK/T, 68% in the Holladay and 53% in the SRK II, but there was no statistically significant difference between them(p>0.05). The percentage of the eye with hyperopic shift(more hyperopic actual refraction than the predicted refraction) was 77% in the SRK II, 77% in the SRK/T and 86% in the Holladay, but there was no statistically significant difference between each formula(p>0.05). In conclusion, the SRK/T has the better predictive accuracy than the SRK II and Holladay in severe myopia and hyperopic shift tends to occur with the application of all three formulas.
Humans ; Lenses, Intraocular* ; Myopia ; Phacoemulsification ; Sutures

No Abstract Available.
Cataract*

Cysts of the iris may be primary lesions of either epithelial or stromal in origin, or secondary lesions after trauma or surgery. The stromal cyst is usually of primary lesion, although it could be secondary as shown in our case. We report a case of recurrent iris cyst after trauma. The patient was an 8-year-old girl. She had a penetrating injury of the involved eye three years ago. She had a similar iris cyst removed two years before this surgery. Histologically, the cyst was lined by non-keratinizing stratified squamous epithelia and subjacent fibrovascular tissue. Islands of melanin-containing epithelial cells and acellular basophilic degenerating materials were also seen in the lesion. This case represents a stromal epithelial cyst that by history appears to be of post-traumatic etiology.
Cysts

Echocardiography was done with Ekoline 20 model of Smith Kline Instrument in 91 patients of mitral valvular heart disease, 46 with mitral stenosis, 10 with mitral insufficiency, 38 with mitral stenoinsufficinency and 115 normal controls. The results obtained are as follows. 1. Right ventricular dimension was 13.61+/-5.61 mm/sq m. in normal controls, 16.50+/-5.06mm/sq m. in mitral stenosis, 20.17+/-3.28mm/sq m. in mitral insufficiency, 18.61+/-8.48mm/sq m. in mitral stenoinsufficiency revealing significant increment in all mitral valvular disease groups but there was no significant difference btw. each disease groups. 2. Left ventricular end-diastolic dimensions was 29.83+/-7.06mm/sq m. in normal controls, 41.57+/-7.77mm/sq m. in mitral insufficinency, 38.48+/-10.22mm/sq m. in mitral stenoinsufficiency revealing significant increment but there was no significant difference btw. mitral stenosis and normal controls. 3. Left atrial dimension was 17.57+/-4.96mm/sq m. in normal controls, 33.22+/-5.32mm/sq m. in mitral stenosis, 35.96+/-7.35mm/sq m. in mitral insufficiency, 35.00+/-8.22 in mitral stenoinsufficiency revealing significnat increment in whole mitral valvular disease. 4. E-F slope was 90.76+/-30.20mm/sec in normal controls 18.08+/-10.3mm/sec in mitral stenosis, 29.52+/-19.3mm/sec in mitral stenoinsufficiency revealing marked decrement. In mitral insufficiency, it was 65.3+/-45.4mm/sec revealing significant decrement but not so severe as previous. 5. There was no significant difference between normal controls and mitral valvular disease in valve excursion. 6. Left atrial dimension to aortic root size was 1.13+/-0.31 in normal controls, 1.77+/-0.63 in mitral stenosis, 1.56+/-0.60 in mitral regurgitation and 1.82+/-0.56 in mitral stenoinsufficinecy revealing significant increment in whole mitral valvular heart disease.
Echocardiography* ; Heart Valve Diseases* ; Humans ; Mitral Valve Insufficiency ; Mitral Valve Stenosis

Since Luque introduced new posterior instrumentation by segmental sublaminar wiring for neuromuscular scoliosis in 1976, preliminary reports have been published regarding its use with Harrington rod or Luque rod for other types of scoliosis, traumatic lesions of the spine, and spondylolisthesis as well as for degenerative disorders and tumors. Its advantage includes rigid internal fixation which often obviates the requirement for postoperative immobilization and the significant correction of deformity. Disadvantages are longer operation time, increased blood loss and the risk of neurologic damage. Segmental spinal instrumentation was carried out using either Harrington rod or Luque rod in 30 cases of scoliosis; 16 in idiopathic scoliosis, 12 in paralytic scoliosis and 1 each in congenital scoliosis and neurofibromatosis, at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, for 3 years from January 1984 to December 1986, Twenty six cases had been followed for more than 1 year and following results were obtained. 1. In idiopathic scoliosis, average preoperative curve was 65.0 degrees and immediate postoperative curve was 27.9 degrees with 57.4% correction. There was 1.2 degrees loss of correction with an average follow-up of 19.5 months (14–28 months). 2. In papalytic scoliosis, average preoperative curve was 108.5 degrees and immediate postoperative curve was 55.5 degrees with 49.5% correction. There was little loss of correction with anaverage follow-up 24.5 months (13–38 months). 3. No neurological complication occurred as a result of sublaminar wiring. 4. Segmental spinal instrumentation is an effective method with an advantage of better correction, greater contouring of the spine to avoid flat back, and less external immobilization in the treatment of idiopathic or paralytic scoliosis without increased complication.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Immobilization ; Methods ; Neurofibromatoses ; Orthopedics ; Scoliosis ; Seoul ; Spine ; Spondylolisthesis

Nineteen patients (twenty knees) with degenerative arthritis of knee treated by arthroscopic curettage were reviewed. Of the nineteen patients, there were eighteen females and one male ranging in age from 49 to 68 years (mean, 57 years). The mean follow up period was 18.2 months (range, 12 months to 21 months). Simple standing roentgenorgram and 99m-Tc bone scintigraphy were used to select the patients with medial compartment involvement only, less than 5 degree of varus deformity and sparing of patello-femoral joint. Knee scoring by Hospital for Special Surgery Formula showed improvement from the preoperative average 68 points to postoperative average 89.6 points (21.6 points increase) and 84.1 points (16.1 points increase) at 6 months and one year respectively. Arthroscopic curettage of knee, if done early in degenerative arthritis, not only can shorten hospital days and immobilization period but also can defer other major surgical treatments by promoting natural healing process and symptomatic relief.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Curettage ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Joints ; Knee ; Male ; Osteoarthritis ; Radionuclide Imaging

OBJECTIVES: Hemophilia B has been known to result from more than 500 kinds of mutations. And it is difficult to find out a mutation specific for each family. Therefore, linkage analysis of DNA polymorphism within or near the factor IX gene has been frequently used in the clinical practice for molecular genetic diagnosis of hemophilia B. But the ethnic variation makes more difficult to apply useful markers in Caucasian population. To investigate the usefulness of the MseI and HhaI polymorphism in Korean population, we analysed the MseI and HhaI polymorphism. METHODS: Forty-five normal Korean and thirteen parents of the hemophilia B patients, using PCR and restriction enzyme analysis. RESULTS: The heterozygosity rate of MseI polymorphism was 49.7% and that of HhaI polymorphism was 25.5%. CONCLUSION: These data indicated that PCR-based analysis of MseI and HhaI polymorphism of factor IX was useful in molecular genetic diagnosis of hemophilia B in Korean population.
Diagnosis* ; DNA* ; Factor IX* ; Hemophilia A* ; Hemophilia B* ; Humans ; Molecular Biology* ; Parents ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Restriction Mapping

With the advent of improyed external fixation device, femoral lengthening has gained renewed popularity in recent years in the treatment of unequal leg length. Wagner(1971) and De Bastiani et al(1987), among others, have made epochal contribution in this field. During the period from May 1984 to May 1987, 25 patients with leg length discrepancy underwent femoral lengthening using Wagner's or De Bastianis distractable external fixators at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital. There were 6 patients below 16 years of age admitted to the Children's Hospital, and 19 patients were 16 years or older. The mean age was 18.2 years, ranging from 3 years to 36 years. The underlying etiology included residual poliomyelitis in 20 patients, epiphyseal injury in 2 patients, congenital short femur in 1 patient, septic hip residua in 1 patient, and cerebral palsy in 1 patient. The mean leg length discrepancy was 4.5cm, ranging from 1.3cm to 7.4cm. The mean length gained was 4.1cm, ranging from 1.8cm to 6.4cm. All except two patients had two stage procedures with iliac crest strut bone graft. The mean time required for radiological consolidation of bone graft was 4.8 months. The plate and screws used for osteosynthesis was removed after the medullary canal has been re-established. Six patients had removal of the plate and screws between 8 months and 25 months after the second stage osteosynthesis. Technical errors included 1 case of incomplete osteotomy which required manual clasis, and another case of faulty insertion of Schanz screws that required reinsertion. Five cases (33.3%) had the minor pin tract infection. Schanz screw breakage occurred in a case of one stage femoral lengthening. Loosening of plate and screws was seen in three cases. One case had delayed union requiring augmentation bone graft. Stiff knee with less than 90°of flexion was encountered in one case. One case sustained fracture of patella during physiotherapy. Despite of a long list of complication, the ultimate goal of leg length equalization was successfully achieved in all the cases.
Cerebral Palsy ; External Fixators ; Femur ; Hip ; Humans ; Knee ; Leg ; Orthopedics ; Osteotomy ; Patella ; Poliomyelitis ; Seoul ; Transplants

We implanted sulcus-fixated posterior chamber intraocular lenses (PCL) in three cataractous, six aphakic, and four eyes during penetrating keratoplasty due to corneal opacity in the absence of capsular and zonular support. This technique has been successfully performed in all cases and produced good visual outcome in 12 eyes (93%). In four eyes which had penetrating keratoplasty and the fixation of PCL, one developed vitreous hemorrhage and one developed corneal graft rejection.
Adult ; Aged ; Aphakia/complications/surgery ; Cataract Extraction ; Corneal Opacity/complications/surgery ; Eye Hemorrhage/etiology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Graft Rejection ; Humans ; Keratoplasty, Penetrating ; Lens Capsule, Crystalline/surgery ; *Lenses, Intraocular/adverse effects ; Male ; Methods ; Middle Aged ; Refraction, Ocular ; *Suture Techniques ; Visual Acuity ; Vitreous Body/blood supply

We reviewed the long-term results of implantation of posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC IOL) by suture fixation in 23 patients without zonular or capsular support. In terms of preoperative state, 15 were aphakic, 5 had cataracts and 3 were aphakic with concurrent corneal opacity. The latter had penetrating keratoplasty as well at the time of surgery. They were followed up for more than 1 year, and the best corrected vision remained the same or improved in all cases after surgery. The transscleral suture fixation-related complications included vitreous hemorrhage, hyphema and retinal detachment.
Adult ; Cataract Extraction ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; *Lenses, Intraocular ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; *Suture Techniques ; Treatment Outcome ; Visual Acuity