No abstract available.
Temporomandibular Joint*

No abstract available.
Temporomandibular Joint*

This article describes a new approach in the treatment of skeletal class III malocclusion. This new approach, which means 2 phase treatment without preoperative orthodontics, includes orthognathic surgery first, followed by postoperative orthodontic treatment. A this article together with introduction of a newly modified articulator. Based on this new concept, we have treated more than 30 patients of skeletal class III malocclusion since 1994 and confirmed its advantages over the old method.
Dental Articulators ; Humans ; Malocclusion* ; Orthodontics* ; Orthognathic Surgery

In order to survey the reality of anxiety and depression among the Koreans residing in china, a study was conducted between January and March of 1991, on the residents of Yun-Kil city, with subjects of 472 Koreans and 479 Chinese. The evaluation was based on the questionnaires, named Combined self-rating anxiety depression scale (CADS), distributed among the subjects. ANOVA and t-test were applied for data processing. The results were as follows: There was not significant difference in the mean of total scores between the two groups. The scores of Koreans were 29.70±7.03, while those of Chinese were 29.45±9.01. The score of the CADS above 50 (clinically significant level) was seen in 12 (2.54%) Koreans and 21 (4.38%) Chinese. The anxiety-depression scores relating to the items of indigestion and decreased appetite, sleep disturbance, apprehension, decreased libido were relatively high among the Koreans. The items appeared low in scores among the Koreans were faintness, fear, suicidal rumination, hopelessness, paresthesias. The highs among the Chinese were facial flushing, anxiousness, dissatisfaction, suicidal rumination. The items appeared low among the Chinese were fear, faintness, paresthesias, weight loss, suicidal rumination. In the compatison of evaluation by items between the two groups, the items placing the Koreans significantly higher over the Chinese are indigestion & decreased appetite, sleep disturbance, apprehension, decreased libldo. The Chinese marked significantly higher in facial flushing, anxiousness, dissastisfaction, suicidal rumination. Those in the case of female (p<0.01 respectively), less than twenty years old (p<0.01 respectively), dissatisfied with family relationship (p<0.01 respectively), with past history of psychiatric hospitalization (Koreans p<0.01, Chinese p<0.05), pessimistic toward future, present, past self image (p<0.01 respectively) had significantly higher scores in both groups. In religion, neither group showed significant difference. In religion, neither group showed significant difference. In marital status, the Koreans showed a higher degree of divorce and separation and the Chinese in singleness (p<0.01 respectively). The Korean were higher in illiteracy and the Chinese had more college education (p<0.01 respectively). In place of growth, The Koreans showed not much difference in the areas while more Chinese grew up un large cities (p<0.01). More Koreans lived in the dormitory while the Chinese were engaged more in self-cooking (p<0.01 respectively), In pocket money per mouth, more Koreans were less than 1 dollar while the Chinese were between 7 and 10 dollars (p<0.01 respectively). There were no significant difference between two groups about religion.
Anxiety* ; Appetite ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; China* ; Depression* ; Divorce ; Dyspepsia ; Education ; Ethnopsychology ; Family Relations ; Female ; Flushing ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Libido ; Literacy ; Marital Status ; Mouth ; Paresthesia ; United Nations ; Weight Loss

PURPOSE: The symptoms of female urethral syndrome (FUS) can originate from mechanical or functional obstructions of the bladder neck or urethra. From retrospective reviews of women referred for evaluation of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), 2.7 to 23% had urodynamic evidence of a bladder outlet obstruction (BOO). However, few urodynamic studies (UDS) have been performed on the prevalence of BOO in FUS. This study was aimed at identifying the causative factors of FUS symptoms, including BOO, as evidenced by UDS. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and sixteen women with FUS were enrolled in our UDS evaluations. An additional 247 patients, presenting for evaluation of stress urinary incontinence (SUI), served as controls. Comparisons of the maximum flow rate (Qmax), voided volume, post-void residual, detrusor pressure at maximum flow rate (PdetQmax), maximum detrusor pressure (Pdetmax) were made between the FUS and SUI cases. By definition, the FUS cases were divided into normal, BOO, detrusor under activity, detrusor instability and low compliance. These sub-groups were compared with controls in a similar way. RESULTS: Women with FUS showed a lower Qmax (15.9 versus 23.8ml/sec, p<0.05), higher post-void residual (86 versus 22ml, p<0.05), PdetQmax (24.0 versus 18.0 cmH2O, p<0.05) and Pdetmax (33.3 versus 27.9cmH2O, p<0.05) compared to those with SUI. The incidence of BOO, detrusor under activity and detrusor instability were 31.9, 25 and 16%, respectively, in the FUS group. Only 22% of women with FUS showed normal UDS findings. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicated the importance of UDS in identifying the causative factors of the symptoms of FUS. Treatment of a BOO will help provide new treatment modalities for FUS.
Classification* ; Compliance ; Female* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms ; Neck ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies ; Urethra ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction ; Urinary Incontinence ; Urodynamics*

PURPOSE: The symptoms of female urethral syndrome (FUS) can originate from mechanical or functional obstructions of the bladder neck or urethra. From retrospective reviews of women referred for evaluation of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), 2.7 to 23% had urodynamic evidence of a bladder outlet obstruction (BOO). However, few urodynamic studies (UDS) have been performed on the prevalence of BOO in FUS. This study was aimed at identifying the causative factors of FUS symptoms, including BOO, as evidenced by UDS. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and sixteen women with FUS were enrolled in our UDS evaluations. An additional 247 patients, presenting for evaluation of stress urinary incontinence (SUI), served as controls. Comparisons of the maximum flow rate (Qmax), voided volume, post-void residual, detrusor pressure at maximum flow rate (PdetQmax), maximum detrusor pressure (Pdetmax) were made between the FUS and SUI cases. By definition, the FUS cases were divided into normal, BOO, detrusor under activity, detrusor instability and low compliance. These sub-groups were compared with controls in a similar way. RESULTS: Women with FUS showed a lower Qmax (15.9 versus 23.8ml/sec, p<0.05), higher post-void residual (86 versus 22ml, p<0.05), PdetQmax (24.0 versus 18.0 cmH2O, p<0.05) and Pdetmax (33.3 versus 27.9cmH2O, p<0.05) compared to those with SUI. The incidence of BOO, detrusor under activity and detrusor instability were 31.9, 25 and 16%, respectively, in the FUS group. Only 22% of women with FUS showed normal UDS findings. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicated the importance of UDS in identifying the causative factors of the symptoms of FUS. Treatment of a BOO will help provide new treatment modalities for FUS.
Classification* ; Compliance ; Female* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms ; Neck ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies ; Urethra ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction ; Urinary Incontinence ; Urodynamics*

PURPOSE: Bowel distention stimulates neuroreceptors inside bowel wall with resultant effect to the bladder activity via segmental spinal reflex. This work aimed to elucidate the effects of distal colon and rectum distension on the micturition reflex. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The experiments were performed on female Sprague Dawley rats anesthetized with intraperitoneal urethane (1.25g/kg), weighing 250-350g. Intravesical pressure was measured by a conventional pressure transducer. Isovolumetric bladder contractions were recorded during distension of the distal colon and rectum. The frequency of voiding contractions was calculated by counting the number of peaks/10mins. of observation and the mean amplitude of the contractions were recorded from the cystometrogram. During maximal distention of the bowel, changes of the micturition reflex were observed repeatedly after injection of acetylcholine, phenylephrine and adenosine triphosphate (ATP). RESULTS: The frequency and amplitude of micturition reflex decreased significantly compared to baseline during incremental distension of the rectum. whereas, frequency was increased and amplitude was decreased significantly during distension of the distal colon. The micturition reflex inhibited by distension of the rectum was restored by acetylcholine. CONCLUSIONS: The micturition reflex was inhibited by distension of the rectum and restored by acetylcholine. This result indicated that the inhibition of the micturition reflex caused by distension of the rectum is related to parasympathetic nerve activity. With this results, it may be suggested that the constipation or abdominal distension due to intestinal motility disorder are associated with voiding dysfunction clinically.
Acetylcholine ; Adenosine Triphosphate ; Animals ; Colon* ; Constipation ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Motility ; Humans ; Phenylephrine ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rectum* ; Reflex* ; Sensory Receptor Cells ; Transducers, Pressure ; Urethane ; Urinary Bladder ; Urination*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy, safety and satisfaction of patients of a tension free vaginal tape (TVT) operation for the women with stress urinary incontinence to be used as an ambulatory and minimally invasive operation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A nonrandomized, prospective study was underwent in 73 patients with urodynamically proven stress urinary incontinence. Preoperatively, patients were evaluated with history taking, physical examination, one hour pad test, full urodynamic testing. Monitoring of anesthesia control (MAC) and local anesthesia were used in 65 patients, while general anesthesia were used in 8. At postoperative 3 months, questionnaire including voiding symptom and subjective satisfaction for the procedure were filled up by the patients. RESULTS: Of the 73 patients, 73.9% were completely dried and 20.5% were significantly improved. The higher the Stamey symptom grade was, the lower complete cure rate was achieved (p<0.01) and complete cure rate had a tendency to low in the patients with ISD. Sixty-six (90.4%) patients were satisfied with the TVT procedure. Also, sixty- seven (91.8%) patients would like to recommend TVT procedure to others. No defective healing and tape rejection was occurred. No patients had intra or postoperative bladder perforation or bleeding necessitating blood transfusion. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the short term follow-up period, with the shorter hospital stay and operation time with fewer complications, TVT procedure seems to be a minimally invasive, safe and effective procedure for the correction of stress urinary incontinence.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General ; Anesthesia, Local ; Blood Transfusion ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Physical Examination ; Prospective Studies ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Suburethral Slings* ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Incontinence* ; Urodynamics

PURPOSE: To compare the dacryocystographic results before and after silicone tube intubation in partial nasolacrimal duct obstruction. METHODS: Dacryocystography was performed on 33 eyes of 17 patients diagnosed with partial nasolacrimal duct obstruction. The anteroposterior (AP) diameters and the mediolateral diameters of the nasolacrimal ducts intubated at the operation were measured by dacryocystography, before the operation and after silicone tube removal. RESULTS: The mean AP, mediolateral diameter and length of nasolacrimal duct in the group who demonstrated improvement after the operation was 2.32 mm, 1.39 mm, and 17.14 mm before the operation, and 2.40 mm, 1.77 mm, and 17.38 mm after the operation, respectively. The mean AP, mediolateral diameter and length of nasolacrimal duct in the group who demonstrated no symptomatic improvement was 2.06 mm, 1.28 mm, and 17.42 mm before the operation, and 2.75 mm, 1.99 mm, and 18.03 mm after the operation, respectively. The alteration of the nasolacrimal duct size in the group with successful postoperative results compared with unsuccessful postoperative results showed no significant difference. CONCLUSIONS: The nasolacrimal duct showed expansion in size based on dacryocystographic results after silicone tube intubation in partial nasolacrimal duct obstruction. However, the operation results and the alteration of the nasolacrimal duct size based on dacryocystographic results demonstrated no accordance.
Eye ; Humans ; Intubation ; Nasolacrimal Duct ; Silicones

No abstract available.
Adenosarcoma* ; Endometrium* ; Female