Recent technological advances in ultrasound instrumentation have resulted in equipment that will image in "real-time" slices of the human brain similar in quality to computerized tomography(CT). Multiple authors have attested to its usefulness in locatin, characterizing, and facilitating in the biopsy or removal, or both, of intracerebral masses. In this study, the author has examined the efficacy of intraoperative neurosurgical ultrasound in 18 patients who were admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery, Kyung Hee University Hospital. The results were as follows : 1) It can provide critical assistance in precise localization of subcortical masses, since in many instances the overlying surface of brain provides no clue for localization. 2) This technique is very useful for the identificantion of deep lesions, provding infromation about their solid and cystic components and about the shortest route of access to tumor. 3) It provides precise information to help guide biopsy needles into deep lesions, and to confirm their presence within the lesion itself. 4) The system is highly accurate in visualizing ventricular catheters during and after their placement. 5) The system is inherently safe for the patient and the operating room personnel since there is no radiation exposure.
Biopsy ; Biopsy, Needle ; Brain ; Catheters ; Humans ; Needles ; Neurosurgery* ; Operating Rooms ; Ultrasonography*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones* ; Rats*

This study was carried out to find out changes in regional cerebral blood flow(r-CBF) in relation to(i) clinical status of patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage due to ruptured intracranial aneurysms ; (ii) the degree of subarachnoid hemorrhage as indicated by brain CT scanning ; (iii) the severity of angiographic vasospasm, and (iv) other neuropathological condition. Measurement of r-CBF were performed, using 133Xe inhalation method, on 50 patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysms. Some of the major findings were as follows : 1) The degree of abnormalities of blood flow correlated well with the clinical severity of neurological deficits. 2) A marked reduction in r-CBF was found in patients with intracerebral hematoma, ischemic lesion and hydrocephalus. 3) In angiospasm area, r-CBF was found in patients with intracerebral hematoma, ischemic lesion and hydrocephalus. 3) In angiospasm area, r-CBF decreases below 30ml/100gm/min in almost all of the patients, and severity of vasospasm correlated with the decrease of CBF. 4) The measurement of CBF on patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage was thought to the useful for foreseeing the clinical outcome of the patients.
Brain ; Hematoma ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Inhalation ; Intracranial Aneurysm* ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Differential diagnosis of vertebral lesion by simple radiography is not so easy whether the lesion is benign or malignant. The purpose of this study is to evaluate that the magnetic resonance imaging characteristics can differentiate benign or malignant vertebral lesions. In this study, thirty-nine cases of signal change within the vertebral body by MRI was reviewed retrospectively and the followings are the summary of the results. It is difficult to differenciate benign or malignant lesions, only based on MRI signal changes or vertebral lesion patterns. But those cases of pedicle involvement, complete replacement of bone marrow in T1image and associated soft tissue mass or cord compression are strongly suggest the possibility of malignancy and need further study.
Bone Marrow ; Diagnosis, Differential* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Radiography ; Retrospective Studies ; Spine

The fractures of tibial shaft are common and open injury are also frequenly accompanied. Since the AO unreamed interlocking nail is solid type compared to present tubular type nail, it has no dead space, and without reaming the intramedullary blood supply can be preserved and the soft tissue trauma can be minimized. Therefore it can be used with minor risk of infection in the treatment of open tibial shaft fractures without secondary operation such as in the cases using external fixaters. Especially in Orientals, whose tibial medullary canal is narrower than Smm, it can be used ideally. From October 1991, we have experienced 14 cases of tibial shaft fractures treated with AO unreamed interlocking nail. Among 14 cases, the open fractures were 8, 4 cases were type 1 and 4 cases were type 2 by Gustilo classification. Among 6 cases of closed fractures, 4 cases had risk of post operative infection due to accompanying soft tissue injuries, such as abrasion or bulla and 2 cases had narrow intramedullary canal less than 8mm. There was no postoperative infection in all cases including open fractures, and the soft tissue defect could be reconstruted by muscle transfer, etc. The AO unreamed interlocking nail is thought to be recommendable in the treatment of open tibial shaft fracture, closed fracture with risk of postoperative infection, and also the fracture with narrow canal diameter less than 8mm.
Classification ; Fractures, Closed ; Fractures, Open ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; Tibia

To evaluate the results of anterior decompression and fusion with autogenous bone graft for cervical disc disease, the authors reviewed 18 cases of cervical disc herniation which were treated surgically at Inje Univ. Paik Hosp. from 1990 to 1994 with special interest in the thickness of the bone graft. All cases have been followed for more than 12 months. We try to know the clinical results of anterior decompression and fusion with autogenous bone graft. At this treatment, controversial point is a ideal thickness of graft and the width of distraction. Therefore, we follow up the correlation between thickness of graft on roentgenogram and clinical results. The clinical results were satisfactory as excellent in 11 cases, good in 5 cases according to criteria of Robinson et al. Successful fusion occured in 16 cases within 3 months after their initial procedure, and fusion failure resulted in 2 cases. 3mm distraction from baseline disc height was considered ideal thickness of graft after anterior decompression and all cases healed successfully. We concluded that 3mm distraction from baseline disc height is necessary for successful decompression & fusion.
Decompression ; Follow-Up Studies ; Transplants

No abstract available.
Truncus Arteriosus*

No abstract available.
Follow-Up Studies* ; Spinal Stenosis*

OBJECTIVE: The current progress of the molecular biological study is in the situation of documentation of relation between the tumor development and the gene mutation. We report an analysis of gene expression profiling of meningioma by cDNA chip. METHODS: Meningioma, tumor attached dura and normal dura were obtained during surgery. RNA was extracted from each specimen and cDNA microarray was done. After that, we confirmed the reliability of results from the microarray technique by RT-PCR. RESULTS: We examined the expression of the tumor related gene by cDNA chip. The genes showing two fold changes in the expression were analyzed to find the difference between two groups. The analysis of the tumor and tumor attached dura indicated that the expression of twenty four genes were increased and seventeen genes were decreased in the tumor. The analysis of the gene expression of tumor and normal dura showed increase in twenty seven genes and decrease in thirty one genes. Nine genes in the tumor showed more increase than those in the tumor attached dura and the normal dura. We performed RT-PCR using cytokines to confirm the reliability of the microarray result. CONCLUSION: The cDNA chip contributes as a good laboratory method to check various gene expression of the meningioma and the dura. In the future, the relationship between the expression of IL-1beta, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, and the function of each gene are required to investigate.
Cytokines ; DNA, Complementary* ; Gene Expression Profiling* ; Gene Expression* ; Interleukin-4 ; Interleukin-6 ; Interleukin-8 ; Meningioma* ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Reproducibility of Results ; RNA

No abstract available.
Dermatoglyphics* ; Humans*