Liposuction is one of the most frequently performed cosmetic surgeries worldwide for reshaping the body contour. Although liposuction is minimally invasive and relatively safe, it is a surgical procedure, and it carries the risk of major and minor complications. These complications vary from postoperative nausea to life-threatening events. Common complications include infection, abdominal wall injury, bowel herniation, bleeding, haematoma, seroma, and lymphoedema. Life-threatening complications such as necrotizing fasciitis, deep vein thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism have also been reported. In this paper, we provide a brief introduction to liposuction with the related anatomy and present computed tomography and ultrasonography findings of a wide spectrum of postoperative complications associated with liposuction.
Abdomen/ultrasonography ; Fasciitis, Necrotizing/etiology ; Hematoma/etiology ; Humans ; Lipectomy/*adverse effects ; Postoperative Complications/*etiology ; Pulmonary Embolism/etiology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Venous Thrombosis/etiology

BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an important cause of occupational mortality in miners exposed to coal mine dust. Although the inflammatory mediators involved in COPD have not been defined, many studies have shown that inflammatory mediators such as reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are involved in orchestrating the complex inflammatory process in COPD. METHODS: To investigate the relevance of exhaled biomarkers of oxidative and nitrosative stress in participants with COPD, we determined the levels of hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde (MDA), and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) in 90 retired elderly coal miners (53 non-COPD and 37 COPD participants). RESULTS: Mean levels of MDA (4.64 nM vs. 6.46 nM, p = 0.005) and 3-NT (3.51 nM vs. 5.50 nM, p = 0.039) in EBC were significantly higher in participants with COPD. The median level of MDA did show statistical difference among the COPD severities (p = 0.017), and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for MDA (0.67) for the diagnostic discrimination of COPD indicated the biomarker. The optimal cutoff values were 5.34 nM (64.9% sensitivity and 64.2% specificity) and 5.58 nM (62.2% sensitivity and 62.3% specificity) for MDA and 3-NT, respectively. The results suggest that high levels of MDA and 3-NT in EBC are associated with COPD in retired elderly miners. CONCLUSION: These results showed that the elevated levels of EBC MDA and EBC 3-NT in individuals with COPD are biomarkers of oxidative or nitrosative stress.
Aged* ; Biomarkers ; Coal* ; Discrimination (Psychology) ; Dust ; Humans ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; Malondialdehyde* ; Mortality ; Nitrogen ; Oxygen ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive* ; ROC Curve

Objective: Recent innovations in biology are boosting gene and cell therapy, but monitoring the response to these treatments is difficult. The purpose of this study was to find an MRI-reporter gene that can be used to monitor gene or cell therapy and that can be delivered without a viral vector, as viral vector delivery methods can result in long-term complications. Materials and Methods: CMV promoter-human organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B3 (CMV-hOATP1B3) cDNA or CMV-blank DNA (control) was transfected into HEK293 cells using Lipofectamine. OATP1B3 expression was confirmed by western blotting and confocal microscopy. In vitro cell phantoms were made using transfected HEK293 cells cultured in various concentrations of gadoxetic acid for 24 hours, and images of the phantoms were made with a 9.4T micro-MRI. In vivo xenograft tumors were made by implanting HEK293 cells transfected with CMV-hOATP1B3 (n = 4) or CMV-blank (n = 4) in 8-week-old male nude mice, and MRI was performed before and after intravenous injection of gadoxetic acid (1.2 μL/g). Results: Western blot and confocal microscopy after immunofluorescence staining revealed that only CMV-hOATP1B3-transfected HEK293 cells produced abundant OATP1B3, which localized at the cell membrane. OATP1B3 expression levels remained high through the 25th subculture cycle, but decreased substantially by the 50th subculture cycle. MRI of cell phantoms showed that only the CMV-hOATP1B3-transfected cells produced a significant contrast enhancement effect. In vivo MRI of xenograft tumors revealed that only CMV-hOATP1B3-transfected HEK293 tumors demonstrated a T1 contrast effect, which lasted for at least 5 hours. Conclusion The human endogenous OATP1B3 gene can be non-virally delivered into cells to induce transient OATP1B3 expression, leading to gadoxetic acid-mediated enhancement on MRI. These results indicate that hOATP1B3 can serve as an MRI-reporter gene while minimizing the risk of long-term complications.

Lymphangioma of the stomach is known to be extremely rare, benign tumor, reported only 13 cases now, worldwidely, The lesions are soft, sponge like, and pinkish colored and filled with watery fluid exudates. The histologic examination reveals that lymphangiomas are composed of endothelium-lined spaces that contain a eosinophilic protein-rich fluid. They usually present as polypoid lesions because they are originated from submucosal layer. By endoscopy, they appear as smooth, soft, polypoid submucosal mass. The endoscopic ultrasonographic findings of gastric lyrnphangioma were cystic mass with multi-septation originated from submucosal layer of the stomach. Recently, We experienced a case of lymphangioma associated with early gastric cancer of the stomach. So we report this case with brief review of world literature.
Endoscopy ; Eosinophils ; Exudates and Transudates ; Lymphangioma* ; Porifera ; Stomach ; Stomach Neoplasms

Background: Cyst enucleation, which extracts only the tumor with the application of Carnoy’s solution (CS), has been suggested as a conservative treatment with a low recurrence rate and morbidity. However, there has been a concern that CS’s contact with inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) can cause neurons to degenerate and cause sensory dysfunction. The purpose of this retrospective cohort study aimed to investigate the neurosensory function after surgical treatment with or without the application of CS. Methods: While controlling the effects of sex, age, follow-up period, and invasion size of the tumor, we performed the binary logistic regression analysis to examine whether or not the sensory function of the patients who were treated with CS (n = 19) for the cyst enucleation procedure was significantly different from those who were not treated with CS (n = 58) at the end of the follow-up period. Results: The logistic regression result showed that the use of CS was not significantly related to the normalness of sensory function at the end of the follow-up period. Rather, the invasion size of the cyst was significantly associated with sensory dysfunction. Conclusions CS may be used for patients who are diagnosed with OKC and UAM without much fear of its impact on sensory dysfunction. However, a small number of patients who were treated with CS experienced severe sensory damage and did not recover at the end of the follow-up period, suggesting the need for further analysis of these patients.

Background/Aims: The Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1 and modified RECIST (mRECIST) criteria have been used to assess treatment responses for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. We investigated which criteria provides better survival predictions in HCC patients treated with transarterial radioembolization (TARE). Methods: In total, 102 patients with unresectable intrahe-patic HCC, who were treated with TARE between 2012 and 2017, were reviewed retrospectively. The treatment response after TARE was evaluated at 1, 3, and 6 months by the mRE-CIST and RECIST 1.1. Responders were defined as patients with complete or partial responses by each criterion. Results: The median age of 83 men and 19 women was 64.3 years.The median alpha-fetoprotein and des-gamma-carboxy pro-thrombin levels were 37.1 ng/mL and 1,780.0 mAU/mL, re-spectively. The median maximal tumor size was 8.3 cm, and multiple tumors were observed in 36 patients (35.3%). Dur-ing the follow-up period (median, 20.7 months), 21 patients (20.6%) died, with a mean survival time of 55.5 months. The cumulative survival rate was 96.1% at 6 months and 89.3% at 12 months. Responders, defined by the mRECIST at 1, 3, and 6 months after TARE, showed better survival outcomes than nonresponders (hazard ratio [HR]=5.736, p=0.008 at 1 month; HR=3.145, p=0.022 at 3 months, and HR=2.887, p=0.061 at 6 months). The survival rates of responders and nonresponders defined by the RECIST 1.1 were similar (all p>0.05). Conclusions Response evaluations that use the mRECIST provide more accurate prognoses than those that use the RECIST 1.1 in HCC patients treated with TARE.

PURPOSE: This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of the training experience to develop expertise for breast ultrasound. The same group of radiology residents was evaluated before and after training on the use of the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) to develop breast imaging expertise. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An evaluation set of breast ultrasonography images of pathologically confirmed lesions that consisted of 100 masses (54 benign and 46 malignant masses) without clinical information was developed. Two experienced breast radiologists independently reviewed cases to reach a consensus. Six radiology residents (four second-year residents and two third-year residents) trained one month to interpret breast ultrasound examinations, and to read and to review teaching files with expertise. The residents evaluated the examination set according to BI-RADS for shape, orientation, margin, lesion-boundary, echo pattern, posterior echo features, surrounding tissue, calcification and final assessment before and after the training. Training performance was measured by means of agreement (k) and diagnostic performance. RESULTS: After training, the second-year residents showed statistically significant increased agreement as compared to the experts for 15 of the total 36 BI-RADS descriptors. The third-year residents showed increased agreement for three of the 18 descriptors. The mean sensitivity for the residents was 94.2% (range, 89.1-100%) before training and the mean sensitivity increased to 97.8% (range, 95.7-100%) after training. The mean specificity was 50.6% (range, 40.7-59.3%) before training and the mean specificity decreased to 42.0% (range, 31.5-51.9%) after training. CONCLUSION: In this study, the use of breast ultrasonography training improved the ability of residents to determine lesion description, final assessment and coherence.
Breast ; Consensus ; Information Systems ; Orientation ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Subject Headings ; Ultrasonography, Mammary