Stray light is a physical phenomenon that degrades visual quality when light scattering occurs in the human eye.It is a main cause of the disabling glare.Stray light originates in cornea,iris,sclera,lens and retina,and these ocular tissues contribute to the total amount of stray light in a normal eye.The light scattering intensity increases when the transparency of any optical element mentioned above reduces.Stray light can be measured by several different methods,but the measurements still lacks a standardized procedure and outcome.Further clinical study is necessary to quantify and standardize the measuring method of stray light.This article aims to introduce the concept,source and clinical significance of stray light,and to provide its advanced measurement techniques and methods.

Objective To set up bronchodilation curve in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)or asthma and investigate the features of large and small airways dilation.Methods Pulmonary functions of 44 COPD and 68 asthma patients were determined before and after inhaling Formoterol.Results The curves of FEV1 and FVC rose at 15 minutes after inhaling Formoterol and then declined at 120 minutes post-formoterol in patients with COPD.The curves of FEV1/FVC and FEF75 presented as a wave form,and the curves of FEF50 and FEF75/25 rose at 30 minutes and declined after 30 minutes.The fitting quadr-curves model equations for FEV1,FVC and FEF50 over time were statistically significant(P

Methods and significances of the laboratory opening management for the function experiment teaching center are introduced in this paper. The problems existing in the management of the open Lab and the thinking about the management are communicated with the peers to provide the reference for the opened lab.

The design experiment carrying out requests higher demands for the technical preparations work.How to do the technical support work well in large-scale design experiments is a worth exploring question.The author accumulates some experiences and appreciates from experience according to design experiment practice carried out in several underrates,hoping to exchange ideas with the peers.

Diagnosis, Differential ; Genital Neoplasms, Male ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Neprilysin ; metabolism ; Receptors, Estrogen ; metabolism ; Receptors, Progesterone ; metabolism ; Seminal Vesicles ; Stromal Cells ; pathology ; Vimentin ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the senescence of rat mesangial cells induced by Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP) and the protective effect of probucol on senesecence. Methods Human glomerular mesangial cells(hGMC) were cultured in vitro and intervened by tBHP. The cell survival rate was observed by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium( MTT). β-gal staining and cell cycle analysis were used to identify cell senescent status;transmission eletric microscopy was used to evaluate the ultra-microstructure of hGMC. Senescent-related indexes were detected after treatment with probucol. Results The cell survival rate with 30 μmol/L tBHP was (80. 12 ± 3. 25 ) % , the positive rate of β-gal staining was significantly higher in tBHP-induced cells (about 81% )than that of the control cells( P <0. 01). 86% of the cells was arrested at G0-G1 phase. Invagination of nucleus membrane and chromatin condensation at the nuclear margin in tBHP-induced cells was observed through transmission eletric microscopy. In the probucol intervented cells, the cell survival rate was higher than that of tBHP-induced cells (92. 68 ± 5.03) % vs. ( 80. 12 ± 3. 25) % (P < 0. 05 ). The positive rate of β-gal staining decreased to 45. 2%. The proportion of cell cycle stage was similar to the control cells.The change of morphous and ultrastructure was relieved. Conclusions tBHP can induce hGMC senescence in vitro and probucol may play a role in preventing hGMC senescence.

The regulatory effect of CD3 McAb on the human fetal thymocyte proliferative response toTPA was investigated.It was shown that the CD3 McAb couldn't induce human fetal thymo-cyte proliferative response,but suppressed PHA-induced human fetal thymocyte proliferativeresponse and promoted TPA-induced proliferative response,in a dose dependent manner.Ex-ogenous rHuIL—2,but not rHuIL—1 ,could enhance the proliferative response to CD3 McAb.These results have significances for understanding the expression of CD3 antigen and it's func-tions.

Objective:To investigate the expressions of peripheral lymph node addressin(PNAd)andGlcNAc-6-sulfotransferase(GlcNAc6ST)in endometrium and their impacts on implantation.Methods:PNAd expression in endometrium was examined by immunohistochemistry and Western Blot from 75women(12 from healthy women,in proliferative phase;63 from sterile women,of whom,27 were inearly-secretory and 36 in mid-secretory phase).GlcNAc6ST mRNA was examined by real-time PCR in41 sterile women.The 63 sterile women had underwent ⅣF-ET and were consequently divided into clini-cal pregnant(29 cases)and nonpregnant(34 cases)groups.Results:(1)PNAd localized to the mem-brane and cytoplasm of luminal and glandular epithelia.Staining was patchy and much less intense duringthe proliferative phase than during the secretory phase.In Western Blot of PNAd,four bands appeared,which were Sgp200,CD34,MAdCAM-1,GlyCAM-1 respectively,and each was positively correlatedwith the others significantly.The former three molecular levels were significantly higher during the secre-tory phase as compared with the proliferative phase.Message RNA of GlcNAe6ST was positive in all ca-ses and showed no correlation with any component of PNAd.(2)The expressions of CD34 and GlyCAM-1,but not Sgp200 and MAdCAM-1,were significantly higher in pregnant women than in nonpregnantones.However,the GlcNAc6ST mRNA level did not differ between groups.(3)No significant differ-ence was found in female age,methods of fertilization,thickness of endometrium on day hCG,cumulativeembryo score(CES)and mean score of transferred embryo(MSTE)between the groups.Conclusion:PNAd expression in the human endometrium fluctuates with the menstrual cycle.Elevated CD34 and Gly-CAM-1 during the secretory phase might be stimulative factors for embryo implantation.Defect in PNAdexpression may account for a portion of unexplained infertility.

AIM: To investigate the effects of antisense oligonucleotides (asODN) of PKC-? and PKA-Ⅰon growth and proliferation of the CNE-2Z cells. METHODS: The expression of PKC-? and PKA-Ⅰ was observed with immunohistochemistry method. The asODNs of (1)PKC-?, (2)PKA-Ⅰ, (3)PKC-? and PKA-Ⅰ, were transfected into CNE-2Z cells by lipofectin (LP), and a random sequence as a control was used. The cell growth index (GI) and the clone formation rate of CNE-2Z were detected by MTT colorimetric assay and soft agar assy, respectively. RESULTS: The expression of PKC-? or PKA-Ⅰin CNE-2Z in experimental group were both significantly lower than that of control group(P

Objective To analyze the effect of Kecrkang oral Liquid on extracorporeal bacteriostasis. Methods Tube dilution method was adopted to test the effect of different concentrations of Keerkang oral liquid on bacillus coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, bacillus aeruginosus, staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, β-Streptococcus hemolyticus, streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and candida albicans. Results Keerkang Oral Liquid has obvious inhibited effects to all the bacteria that mentioned above. Conclusion Keerkang Oral Liquid has obvious extracorporeal bacteriostasis and resistance to fungi.