To elucidate the clinical characteristics-especially its clinical pattern and outcome-of children with encephalopathy, we carried out a retrospective review on medical records of 45 patients who were initially diagnosed as encephalopathy except mumps meningitis, Reye's syndome and neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy at the Department of pediatrics, Hanyang University children's hospital from Jaunary 1986 to February 1994. The results were summarized as follows: 1) Twenty five were male and twenty were female with male to female ratio 1.3:l. 2) There were no association with death rate and conscious level, abnormal liver function test, and sugar level in CSF on admission. 3) Death rate (33.3%) of group with seizure was higher than that (13.3%) of group without seizure on admission, but there was no statistical significance (p=0.28). 4) Death rate (7.5%) of group (l) which initial therapy started before 12hours was lower than that (43.4%) of group (ll) which initial therapy started after 12hours, but there was no statistical significance (p=0.09). However complete recovery rate (66.7%) of the former group was higher than that (26.7%) of the latter group with statistical significance (p<0.05). Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment before 12hours was essential to recovery and good prognosis in childern with acute encephalopathy.
Child* ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; Liver Function Tests ; Male ; Medical Records ; Meningitis ; Mortality ; Mumps ; Pediatrics ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Seizures

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Prognosis*

We experienced a case of Rotor syndrome in an 8 year 6 month old boy who presented with icteric sclera and icteric skin on whole body. His clinical and laboratory characteristics were as follows; 1) Jaundice appeared from several months ago before admission without any clinical disturbance. 2) Direct bilirubin was more increased than indirect bilirubin. 3) Plasma indocyanine green (ICG) kinetics test revealed hepatic excretory in this patient that after intravenous injection of a standard dose of ICG (0.5mg/kg), its initial plasma disappearance is decreased, resultin in markedly increased retention of the dye 45 to 50 minutes after administration. 4) Oral cholangiography, ultrasonogram, and computed tomogram of abdomen were normal. 5) Liver biopsy specimen showed no dark brown pigmentations in the hepatic cells and any other pathologic abnormalities. 6) Nearly similar clinical and laboratory findings were observed 26 months later.
Abdomen ; Bilirubin ; Biopsy ; Cholangiography ; Hepatocytes ; Humans ; Hyperbilirubinemia, Hereditary* ; Indocyanine Green ; Infant ; Injections, Intravenous ; Jaundice ; Kinetics ; Liver ; Male ; Pigmentation ; Plasma ; Sclera ; Skin ; Ultrasonography

With the improvement of the instrument and technic, the gastrofiberoscope has been used not only in diagnostic purpose but in therapeutic purpose. One purpose of the therapeutic methods is to remove the gastric foreign bodies. So many type and shape of forceps and baakets have been usad. for the same purpose. ifn these easea, we uaed biopsy farcep and snare to remove swallowed toothbrushes, three casea in the stomaeh and one cuse in the duodenurn.
Biopsy ; Foreign Bodies ; SNARE Proteins ; Surgical Instruments

Many types of osteotomy have been proposed for the treatment of cubitus varus deformity of the elbow, and various methods for fixation of the osteotomy site have also been described. However, no method has been perfect. We treated two cases of cubitus varus elbow deformity with step-cut osteotomy using a new fixation method with two crossing screws and an anatomically designed locking plate. Active assisted elbow range of motion (ROM) exercise was permitted at postoperative 3 days, after removal of the drainage. Preoperative and postoperative humerus-elbow-wrist angles and ranges of motion of the two patients were compared. At 3 months follow-up, each patient had recovered the preoperative elbow ROM, and achieved the complete bony union of the osteotomy site and proper correction of the cubitus varus deformity. In addition, the appropriate remodeling of the lateral bony protrusion was observed. Therefore, we introduce a new fixation method for achievement of stable fixation allowing immediate postoperative elbow motion after corrective osteotomy for cubitus varus deformity in young adults.
Congenital Abnormalities* ; Drainage ; Elbow* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Osteotomy ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Young Adult*

No abstract available.

Community-based health management policies are needed considering societal aging. We aimed to develop a transitional care model (TCM) program for patients with pneumonia, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. First, we conducted in-depth interviews with patients who were hospitalized, released, and readmitted for those three conditions to identify issues with the current hospitalization/discharge system and post-discharge processes. Next, we developed a new TCM program suited to the realities of the current medical environment. Interviews revealed problems including inadequate awareness of disease and health management; insufficient information exchange between patients, caregivers, and primary medical institutions; and absence/low usage of community-based care services. The investigation applying the new TCM program to patients and following up on readmission rates and life satisfaction after discharge is ongoing. Reviewing these results and conducting further studies in the future will allow improvements to the model.

No abstract available.
Achondroplasia* ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus*

No abstract available.
Ocular Motility Disorders* ; Tuberculosis, Meningeal*

No abstract available.
Paragonimiasis*