No abstract available.
Arthroscopy*

No abstract available.
Dislocations* ; Patella*

No abstract available.
Knee Joint* ; Knee* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging*

Anti-HLA antibody related neonatal thrombocytopenia is an uncommon disorder caused by platelet antigen incompatibility between mother and fetus in Korea. Mothers who lack the specific platelet antigen produce the IgG against the platelet antigen which the fetus inherits from the father. These IgG antibodies are then transported across the placenta into the fetal circulation where they lead to the destruction of fetal platelets. We report a case of neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia related with anti-HLA antibody in second baby of dizygotic twin who had petechia on trunk and platelet count 43,000/mm. Initially, mother and twin showed the positives in antiplatelet antibodies. In microlym- phocytotoxic test at 6 months of age, anti-HLA antibodies was negative in twins but anti-HLA A2, A24 was positive in their mother. The patient was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin and clinically improved and her platelet count was norrnalized.
Acrocephalosyndactylia* ; Antibodies ; Blood Platelets ; Fathers ; Fetus ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulins ; Infant, Newborn ; Korea ; Mothers ; Placenta ; Platelet Count ; Thrombocytopenia, Neonatal Alloimmune ; Twins ; Twins, Dizygotic

OBJECTIVE: Melatonin, which is secreted by pineal gland play an important role in the regulation of ovarian function via seasonal rhythm and sleep in most mammals. It also has a role in the protection of cells by removing toxic oxygen free radicals brought about by metabolism. In the present study, effects of melatonin on the mouse oocyte maturation were examined using two different culture conditions provided with 5% or 21% oxygen concentration. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Immature mouse oocytes were obtained from the ovarian follicles of 3~4 weeks old ICR strain mice intraperitoneally injected with 5 I.U. PMSG 44 hour before. Under stereomicroscope, morphologically healthy oocytes with distinct germinal vesicle (GV) were liberated from the graafian follicles and collected using mouth-controlled micropipette. They were then cultured for 17 hour at 37degrees C, 5% CO2 and 21% O2 (95% air) or 5% CO2, 5% O2 and 90% N2. New modified Hank's balanced salt solution (New MHBS) was used as a culture medium throughout the experiments. Effects of melatonin were examined at a concentration of 0.0001 micrometer, 0.01 micrometer or 1.0 micrometer. For the prevention of spontaneous maturation of immature oocytes during culture, dibutyryl cyclic AMP (dbcAMP) and/or hypoxanthine were included in the medium. RESULTS: Under 21% oxygen condition, oocytes cultured in the presence of 0.01 micrometer melatonin showed a significantly higher maturation rates, in terms of germinal vesicle breakdown (95.0% vs 89.0%) and polar body formation (88.1% vs 75.4%), compared to those cultured with 0.0001 micrometer or 1.0 micrometer melatonin. However, no difference was observed in oocytes cultured under 5% oxygen whether they were treated with melatonin or not. In the presence of 0.01 micrometer melatonin, oocytes either cultured under 21% or 5% oxygen exhibited no difference in the polar body formation (85.6% vs 86.7%). However, in the absence of melatonin, oocytes cultured under 21% oxygen exhibited lower polar body formation (74.7%). When oocytes were cultured in the presence of dbcAMP alone or with varying concentrations of melatonin, those treated with both compounds always showed better maturation, i.e., germinal vesicle breakdown and polar body formation, compared to those cultured with dbcAMP alone. At the same concentration of melatonin, however, oocytes exposed to 21% oxygen showed poor maturation than those to 5% oxygen. Similar results were obtained from the experiments using hypoxanthine instead of dbcAMP. CONCLUSION: Based upon these results, it is suggested that melatonin could enhance the meiotic maturation of mouse oocytes under 21% oxygen concentration, and release oocytes from the meiotic arrest by dbcAMP or hypoxanthine regardless of the concentration of oxygen, probably via the removal of oxygen free radicals.
Animals ; Bucladesine ; Female ; Free Radicals ; Hypoxanthine ; Mammals ; Melatonin* ; Metabolism ; Mice* ; Oocytes* ; Ovarian Follicle ; Oxygen ; Pineal Gland ; Polar Bodies ; Seasons

No abstract available.
Arthroscopy* ; Patellar Ligament* ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament*

No abstract available.
Arthroscopy* ; Tibia*

We performed the partial or total meniscestomy in 143 cases with the meniscal injury by the arthroscopy or arthrotomy during the period from May, 1978. to November, 1987. There were 89 cases treated with arthroscopic partial, 11 csses treated with arthroscopic total, 16 cases with open partisl and 27 cases with open total meniscectomy. We did not include the cases of the discoid meniscus in the study. The statistic analyses were as follow ;1. The ratio of male to female was 106 to 37, and right to left was 79 to 64. 2. There were 82 cases in medial meniscus, and 61 cases in lateral meniscus. 3. The most common chief complaint and physical finding was pain, tenderness & McMurray(+). 4. The average period of hospitalization were 5 days in arthroscopic and 20 days in open meniscectomy. 5. The most cornmon associsted injury was the ACL injury in 36 cases. 6. The most common site and type of tear was the longitudinal tear at posterior horn. 7. In the preoperative arthrogram, the diagnostic accuracy was 78.3%. 8. The satisfactory results were 79.2% in arthroscopic and 64.7% in open meniscectomy.
Animals ; Arthroscopy ; Female ; Horns ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Knee ; Male ; Menisci, Tibial ; Tears

The anterior cruciate ligament injury is one of the most common ligament injury of the knee joint, and anterior cruciate ligament is as important structure for stabilization as a primary restraint. Noyes reported that the diagnosis of a tek of the anterior cruciate ligament was made by the original treating physician in only 6.8%. And there are many controversies in its treatment. It is certain thatearly diagnosis and treatment are th most important clue. Authors studied 48 patients of isolated anterior cruciate ligament injury who were diagnosed by same physician from Jan. 1983 to Dec. 1985 after follow ups ranging from six mnths to 4 years, average beimng one year and two months. The results were as followings: 1. The most common cause was sports injury. 2. The most common sign and symptom were hemarthrosis in acute injury and giving way in chronic injury. 3. Anterior drawer test without anesthesia had 25% of diagnostic accuracy but pivot shift test under anesthesia 95.8%. 4. 31 cases in 48 cases (64.8) had associated meniscal injury. 5. In acute torn ACL, the primajy repair was preparable but conservative treatment with arthroscopic partial menisectomy was eful in chronic case.
Anesthesia ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament ; Athletic Injuries ; Clinical Study ; Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemarthrosis ; Humans ; Knee ; Knee Joint ; Ligaments

BACKGROUND: In autoimmune bullous dermatoses, such as pemphigus and bullous pemphigoid, variations in the expression of the antigen in different body locations are recognized. OBJECTIVE: The degree of expession of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita (EBA) antigen in different sites on the body surface was estimated from the highest dilution factor of EBA sera that gave a positive reaction at a site by indirect immunofluorescence (IF). METHODS: Two sera, obtained from EBA patients with inflammatory and mechanobullous skin lesions, having antihody titers of 160 against the dermal component of the NaCl split skin, were used by indirect IF techniques with 20 specimens (2 from each of 10 locations) of normal human skin from different sites. These 20 skin samples were obtained from 10 healthy adults (1-3 from each individual). RESULTS: The greatest expression of the antigen was in the skin taken from the upper back with the titer of 160. EBA antigen was least recognized in skin specimens from the inner thigh and calf. Skin from the scalp, abdomen, and anterior chest and others demonstrated intermediate degrees of expression. CONCLUSION: There was some moderate degree of variation in the expression of EBA antigens in skin samples obtained from different locations on the body. It seems however that there is not any positive correlation between the degree of expression of EBA antigen in each location and predilection sites (possibly the trunk) of clinical lesions in EBA.
Abdomen ; Adult ; Epidermolysis Bullosa Acquisita* ; Epidermolysis Bullosa* ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect ; Humans ; Pemphigoid, Bullous ; Pemphigus ; Scalp ; Skin ; Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous ; Thigh ; Thorax