No abstract available.
Asthma, Occupational*

We investigated whether there is differences in serum level of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) between patients with colon and rectal cancer. Preoperative serum levels of CEA was determined in 65 patients with colon cancer and in 88 patients with rectal cancer. Cut-off value recommended by manufacturers is 5 ng/ml for CEA. At the recommended cut-off levels for CEA, overall sensitivity of CEA was 43.1 percent for colon and 42.0 percent for rectal cancer. In colon cancer CEA was elevated in 38.4, 46.2, 60 percent of patients with Dukes Stages B, C, and D, respectively. In rectal cancer CEA was elevated in 12.5, 31.6, 44.8, 84.6 percent of patients with Dukes Stages A, B, C, and D, respectively. In Stages B, and C, sensitivity of CEA was higher in colon than in rectal cancer, but the difference was not significant. In Stages D, sensitivity of CEA was higher in rectal cancer than in colon cancer, but the difference was not significant. In overall stages sensitivity of CEA was higher in colon than in rectal cancer, but the difference was not significant. The difference was not significant either in overall or in different stages of colon and rectal cancer.
Carcinoembryonic Antigen ; Colon* ; Colonic Neoplasms ; Humans ; Rectal Neoplasms*

We analyzed records at Chonnam university hospital from Sep. 1. 1993 to Aug. 31. 1996 to assess clinical significance of the foreign body in the gastrointestinal tract. There were 133 episodes consisting of 79 pediatric and 54 adult patients as possible to review. In the pediatric patients, the coin was the most common cause of foreign body ingestion, while adult patients were usually caused by bones and meat. We removed foreign bodies in the oral cavity and oropharynx in 12 cases using direct laryngophanmgoscpy and forcep. Endoscopy was performed successfully in 47 of 51 patients in which was attempted; there were two complications composed of an aspiration pneumonia and a mediastinitis due to esophageal perforation. There were spontaneous passage of foreign bodies in 48 cases. We observed complications in 6 cases in which 4 cases needed operations due to complications. Foreign bodies which pass into the stomach can be observed for development of complications, as 94% of foreign bodies which reach the stomach spontaneously pass. Only 4 patients required interventions, which was done without mortality.
Adult ; Eating* ; Endoscopy ; Esophageal Perforation ; Foreign Bodies* ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Humans ; Jeollanam-do ; Meat ; Mediastinitis ; Mortality ; Mouth ; Numismatics ; Oropharynx ; Pneumonia, Aspiration ; Stomach ; Surgical Instruments

Actinomycosis infection can involve most part of the human body including mouth, cervicoface, chest, abdomen and pelvis. Cardiac involvement occurs in less than 2 percent of the infection of actinomyces israelii and pericardial involvement is rare. 34 year male was admitted because of chest pain and general weakness for several months. Echocardiography revealed akinesia of apex suggesting myocardial infarction and large pericardial effusion. Under the impression of pericardial effusion from tuberculosis infection, the patient was started on anti-tuberculosis medicine. Pericardial window operation with pericardial biopsy was performed 7 days later when the patient failed to show a significant improvement. Pericardial biopsy confirmed actinomycosis infection. During admission, the patient had a cerebral infarction with left hemiparesis. The patient was treated with high dose penicillin and improved symptomatically. Echocardiography showed resolution of pericardial effusion.
Abdomen ; Actinomyces ; Actinomycosis* ; Biopsy ; Cerebral Infarction* ; Chest Pain ; Echocardiography ; Human Body ; Humans ; Male ; Mouth ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Paresis ; Pelvis ; Penicillins ; Pericardial Effusion ; Thorax ; Tuberculosis*

PURPOSE: Botulinum toxin (BTX) acts by inhibiting acetylcholine (ACh) release at the presynaptic cholinergic neuromuscular junction, and is applied in various urethral and bladder dysfunctions, including detrusor external sphincter dyssynergia (DESD). We investigated the use of BTX in DESD patients as a reversible chemical sphincterotomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 6 patients (male 3, female 3) with DESD were included. Their mean age was 45.5 years. The underlying diseases were multiple sclerosis (1), meningomyelocele (1), spinal cord injury (1), multiple systemic atrophy (1) and transverse myelitis (2). All the patients had severe voiding symptoms and large residual urine, despite anticholinergics and alpha-adrenoceptor antagonists with clean intermittent catheterization (CIC). Urodynamic studies were performed before and 1 month after treatment. A total of 100 units of BTX-A (Botox(R)) were injected at 4 sites, 3, 6, 9 and 12 o'clock relative to the external sphincter, under anesthesia, on an outpatient basis. The alpha-adrenoceptor antagonist medication was discontinued for evaluation after surgery. RESULTS: At 1 month after the injection, the mean maximal flow rate was increased (from 8.4 to 12.2ml/sec) and mean residual urine was decreased (from 258 to 120ml) compared to the baseline values. The external sphincter pressure was decreased. All patients were able to discontinue the CIC. There were no systemic complications, such as respiratory distress or myasthenic crisis. CONCLUSIONS: Transurethral BTX-A injections were safe and effective for releasing or ameliorating a lower urinary tract obstruction due to DESD, and a safe and valuable therapeutic option in DESD patients not desiring surgery or CIC, and who are resistant to medications. (Korean J Urol 2005;46:604-609)
Acetylcholine ; Anesthesia ; Ataxia* ; Atrophy ; Botulinum Toxins* ; Cholinergic Antagonists ; Female ; Humans ; Intermittent Urethral Catheterization ; Meningomyelocele ; Multiple Sclerosis ; Myelitis, Transverse ; Neuromuscular Junction ; Outpatients ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; Urethra* ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Tract ; Urodynamics

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and predictors of success of methotrexate (MTX) treatment in selected cases of unruptured tubal pregnancies. METHODS: This study was retrospectively performed in 36 women who had diagnosed unruptured tubal pregnancies. Patients received intramuscular MTX. Serial beta-hCG measurement was performed weekly, and success was defined as the achievement to beta-hCG concentration of 10 mIU/mL without surgical intervention. Surgical intervention was performed for presumed tubal rupture. Pretreatment serum concentration of beta-hCG, the size of tubal mass and gestational sac by transvaginal ultrasonography were measured to evaluate the predictors of MTX therapy. RESULTS: 29 patients (81%) were successfully treated by MTX systematic treatment. There were not significant differences in the patient's age, parity, gestational age and the size of tubal ectopic mass, but significant differences in the gestational sac size and serum beta-hCG concentration between success group and failure group of MTX treatment. The mean time for achieving successful treatment was 33.8 days. The success rate of systemic MTX was significantly decreased and resolution time was prolonged if the initial pretreatment serum beta-hCG was 10,000 mIU/mL or gestational sac size was >or=1 cm. CONCLUSION: Pretreatment serum beta-hCG concentration and gestational sac size are important predictors of success of MTX treatment in women with unruptured tubal pregnancy.
Female ; Gestational Age ; Gestational Sac ; Humans ; Methotrexate* ; Parity ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic* ; Pregnancy, Tubal ; Retrospective Studies ; Rupture ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: To evaluate the long-term efficacy of laparoscopic Burch colposuspension, we reviewed the success rate and subjective satisfaction rate of this operation for female patients with stress incontinence. Materials and Methods: Between Sep. 1995 and Aug. 1999, 126 patients underwent laparoscopic Burch colposuspension. We reviewed 88 patients who had been followed up for more than 3 years. The mean patient age was 51.1 years and 26 of the 88 patients complained of urge incontinence. All were preoperatively assessed with voiding cystourethrography (VCUG), urodynamic study, cystoscopy and stress, emptying, anatomic, protection, and instability (SEAPI) score. Colposuspension was performed with 2 non- absorbable sutures (n=70) or polyprophylene mesh and Tacker (n=18) by the retroperitoneal approach. RESULTS: At the mean follow-up of 56 months, 58 patients (66%) were cured, and 19 patients (22%) showed significant improvements. Sixty one (94.4%) out of 66 patients who had previously required pad protection attained a pad-free status. Urge incontinence disappeared in 15 out of 26 patients, but 8 (9.1%) patients complained of de novo urge incontinence. The pre- operative factors (age, symptom periods, symptom score, abdominal leak point pressure (ALPP) and VCUG findings) made no difference for the success rate. The subjective satisfaction rate was 93%. The mean operation time was 88 minutes and it decreased to 67 minutes after 50 cases. The mean hospital stay was 3.5 days and mean duration of catheterization was 3.7 days. We had 5 (5.68%) cases of complications: two port site bleeding, one peritoneal injury, one respiratory acidosis and one obturator venous bleeding. However, all of them eventually recovered. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic colposuspension revealed good results on the long-term follow-up, as well the operation as being a minimally invasive procedure. There was a 88% success rate, a 93% subjective satisfaction rate and 94% of the patients became pad free.
Acidosis, Respiratory ; Catheterization ; Catheters ; Cystoscopy ; Female* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Length of Stay ; Sutures ; Urinary Incontinence* ; Urinary Incontinence, Stress ; Urinary Incontinence, Urge ; Urodynamics

PURPOSE: To evaluate the long-term efficacy of laparoscopic Burch colposuspension, we reviewed the success rate and subjective satisfaction rate of this operation for female patients with stress incontinence. Materials and Methods: Between Sep. 1995 and Aug. 1999, 126 patients underwent laparoscopic Burch colposuspension. We reviewed 88 patients who had been followed up for more than 3 years. The mean patient age was 51.1 years and 26 of the 88 patients complained of urge incontinence. All were preoperatively assessed with voiding cystourethrography (VCUG), urodynamic study, cystoscopy and stress, emptying, anatomic, protection, and instability (SEAPI) score. Colposuspension was performed with 2 non- absorbable sutures (n=70) or polyprophylene mesh and Tacker (n=18) by the retroperitoneal approach. RESULTS: At the mean follow-up of 56 months, 58 patients (66%) were cured, and 19 patients (22%) showed significant improvements. Sixty one (94.4%) out of 66 patients who had previously required pad protection attained a pad-free status. Urge incontinence disappeared in 15 out of 26 patients, but 8 (9.1%) patients complained of de novo urge incontinence. The pre- operative factors (age, symptom periods, symptom score, abdominal leak point pressure (ALPP) and VCUG findings) made no difference for the success rate. The subjective satisfaction rate was 93%. The mean operation time was 88 minutes and it decreased to 67 minutes after 50 cases. The mean hospital stay was 3.5 days and mean duration of catheterization was 3.7 days. We had 5 (5.68%) cases of complications: two port site bleeding, one peritoneal injury, one respiratory acidosis and one obturator venous bleeding. However, all of them eventually recovered. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic colposuspension revealed good results on the long-term follow-up, as well the operation as being a minimally invasive procedure. There was a 88% success rate, a 93% subjective satisfaction rate and 94% of the patients became pad free.
Acidosis, Respiratory ; Catheterization ; Catheters ; Cystoscopy ; Female* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Length of Stay ; Sutures ; Urinary Incontinence* ; Urinary Incontinence, Stress ; Urinary Incontinence, Urge ; Urodynamics

OBJECTIVE: In this study, We investigated the circulating level of leptin in the maternal and cord serum to estimate the effect of leptin on the fetal growth. METHODS: In full-term pregnancy, right after delivery, we calculated the concentration of leptin in the maternal and cord serum by using an immunoassay. we studied the relation between these value, the maternal BMI at the time of delivery, the neonatal body weight. RESULTS: At the time of delivery, mean concentration of maternal leptin and cord leptin showed 335.7 pg/ml and 118.3 pg/ml and there was no statistical significance between them. Mean concentration of matenal leptin has positive relation with maternal body weight. but not to neonatal weight. Mean concentration of cord serum leptin has a positive relation with neonatal weight. There was a correlation between the maternal BMI and the neonatal weight at the time of delivery. We evaluated the mean leptin level of neonates of two different sexes, that difference did not show a statistically significant level. CONCLUSION: In this study, no correlation was found between concentration of maternal leptin and cord leptin. These data suggested that the cord serum leptin has a positive relation with fetal growth independantly, regardless of maternal leptin and maternal BMI.
Body Weight ; Fetal Blood* ; Fetal Development ; Humans ; Immunoassay ; Infant, Newborn ; Leptin* ; Pregnancy

PURPOSE: This study was undertaken to evaluate the correlation between p53, bcl-2 expression and pathologic factors stage, anatomic location, histologic grade, gross pattern, lymph node metastasis of the colorectal cancer. METHODS: Analysis were made on archival pathology tissue of 56 patients with colorectal cancer. The oncoproteins were localized using commerically available monoclonal antibodies : DO-7 for, p53 and clone 124 for bcl-2. RESULTS: P53 protein was detected in 53 out of 56(94.6%) adenocarcinomas of the colorectal cancer and the most frequently expressed patterns of immunoreactivity of p53 were strong in intensity in 40 cases(71.4%) and were diffuse in pattern in 39 cases(69.6%). Bcl-2 protein was detected in 34 out of 56(60.7%) adenocarcinomas of the colorectal cancer and the most frequently expressed patterns of immunoreactivity of bcl-2 were weak in intensity in 17 cases(30.3%) and were diffuse in pattern in 16 cases(28.6%). There was no correlation between p53, bcl-2 expression and Dukes' stage, anatomic location ,histologic grade, gross pattern of tumor, lymph node metastasis of the colorectal cancer. CONCLUSION: 53 mutation and bcl-2 expression are frequent event in human colorectal carcinoma as shown in this study, but p53 and bcl-2 protein expression is not significant independent predicator of aggressiveness and progression of colorectal cancers.
Adenocarcinoma ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Clone Cells ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Oncogene Proteins ; Pathology