No abstract available.
Stents*

The square face with prominent mandibular angles projects a strong and musculine impression, which is not preferred by most Koreans(may be orientals). Therefore, requests for contouring the prominent mandibular angle are much more common in the orient than in the west. In our study, we treated seven patients with esthetic problem due to prominent mandibular angle using two-step method with intraoral approach via trans- submandibular channel. The advantages of this method are easy measuring, minimized surgical trauma and shortening of the operation time by facilitation of instrumenial application via trans-sumandibular channel.
Humans

No abstract available.
Thymidine

The diaphragmatic injury results from blunt or penetrating thoracoabdominal trauma. The diagnosis of diaphragmatic injury is difficult in the immediate postinjury period and is often delayed by late visceral herniation. Accurate diagnosis of diaphragmatic injuries is important, because overlooked and delayed diagnosis commonly lead to incarceration and strangulation of bowel. Despite of various diagnostic methods, the diagnosis is often missed and delayed. The development of video-assisted thoracoscopy can make it possible to diagnose the diaphragmatic injury safely and accurately. We experienced two cases of diaphragmatic injuries diagnosed by thoracoscopy. In first case, We found the rupture of the right diaphragm with herniation of liver in a 33-year-old female by thoracoscopic examination. She had visited Emergency Room, complaining of abdominal and pelvic pain and mild dyspnea after traffic accident. Chest X-ray showed elevation of the right hemidiaphragm. Chest CT and ultrasonogram revealed no abnormality except for diaphragmatic elevation. Another case was a 24-year-old female with laceration of diaphragm by stab wound on the left lower chest. With suspicion of diaphragmatic injury, thoracoscopic examination was performed. Both patients were successfully treated by a repair of injured diaphragm by approach via thoracotomy. The postoperative courses were uneventful.
Accidents, Traffic ; Adult ; Delayed Diagnosis ; Diagnosis ; Diaphragm ; Dyspnea ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Female ; Humans ; Lacerations ; Liver ; Pelvic Pain ; Rupture ; Thoracoscopy* ; Thoracotomy ; Thorax ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ultrasonography ; Wounds, Stab ; Young Adult

To search biologic characteristics of gastric carcinoma, one of the most common cancer in Korea, the author examined the alterations in DNA level and the expression of Ha-ras gene and c-myc gene in 20 primary tumors. Amplification of c-Ha-ras DNA was detected in 4(40%) of 10 patients who showed histologic subtype of relatively differentiated adenocarcinoma, but rearrangement of c-Ha-ras DNA was absent. Neither augumentation nor deletion of the c-myc DNA was observed. Higher expression of the ras p21 in tumor cells was noted in more differentiated tumor cells rather than poorly differentiated cases. One mucinous carcinoma, two signet ring cell carcinomas and one papillary carcinoma did not disclose expression of p21. The expressions of c-myc oncogene product were variable and were not correspond to the expressions of ras p21. A tendency that poorly differentiated tumor cells had higher expression of c-myc oncogene was suggested.

Sleep-related behaviors observed in parasomnias can result in serious injuries of patients and/or spouses. Parasomnia is defined as undesirable physical or behavioral phenomenon occurring during sleep. If these disorders are accurately diagnosed, effective treatments are available. Often, these disorders can be even cured. Environmental management for patient and/or spouse safety and good sleep hygiene are the most recommended for individuals behaving abnormally during sleep. The aim of this article is to review the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of several sleep-related behavior disorders.
Diagnosis ; Humans ; Hygiene ; Mental Disorders ; Parasomnias ; Spouses

No abstract available.
Heart Defects, Congenital*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Hirschsprung Disease*

OBJECTIVES: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) not only causes respiratory disturbances during sleep but also decreases the quality of nocturnal sleep through sleep fragmentation and sleep structure change. We aimed at comparing the changes in sleep fragmentation and structure between baseline (diagnostic) nocturnal polysomnography (NPSG) and nCPAP (nasal continuous positive airway pressure) titration trial. METHODS: One hundred and three patients with a baseline night of respiratory disturbance index (RDI) of 5 or greater and reduced RDI score during nCPAP titration night were retrospectively selected for the study. Sleep fragementation and sleep structure between baseline NPSG and the NPSG during nCPAP titration were compared. Sleep fragmentation index (SFI) was defined as the total number of awakenings and shifts to stage 1 sleep divided by the total sleep time in hour. SFI and other polysomnographic parameters were statistically compared between the two nights. RESULTS: SFI during baseline NPSG and nCPAP titration nights were 29.0+/-13.8 and 15.2+/-8.8, respectively, indicating a significant SFI decrease during nCPAP titration (t=9.7, p<0.01). SFI showed significant negative correlations with sleep efficiency (r=-0.60, p<0.01) and total sleep time (r=-0.45, p<0.01) and a positive correlation with RDI (r=0.28, p<0.01). CONCLUSION: Use of nCPAP, even during the titration, significantly decreases sleep fragmentation and improves sleep structure in OSAS patients. We suggest that SFI may be utilized as a measure of assessing OSAS severity and nCPAP efficacy.
Humans ; Polysomnography ; Retrospective Studies ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; Sleep Deprivation