Objective To investigate the effect of probiotics on the immune function and clinical efficacy in children with recurrent respiratory tract infection (RRTI). Methods A total of92 RRTI children were continuously enrolled and were randomly divided into study group and control group, with 46 cases in each group. Both groups were given oral treatment of pidotimod, and the study group added Bifid Triple Viable Bifidobacterium Power, all the children were treated for 3 months, and followed-up time lasted for more than 1 year. The changes of serum C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), immunoglobulin G (IgG), pmmunoglobulin A (IgA) and T cell subgroups were compared between the two groups, and the clinical efficacy between the two groups were compared. Results After treatment, serum CRP and PCT concentrations significantly decreased, serum IgG and IgA level significantly increased, the peripheral blood T cell count of CD4+was significantly increased, CD8+was significantly decreased in both groups when compared with that treatment before (P ＜ 0. 05). At the same time, the study group showed lower serum CRP and PCT concentration, higher serum IgG and IgA levels, higher peripheral blood CD4+T cell count, and lower CD8+T cell count after treatment, when compare to the control group (P ＜ 0. 05). However, there was no statistically difference between two groups in clinical efficiency (P＞ 0. 05). Conclusion Probiotics can effectively improve the immune function and reduce the inflammation level in RRTI children.

Objective To investigate the effect of probiotics on the immune function and clinical efficacy in children with recurrent respiratory tract infection (RRTI). Methods A total of92 RRTI children were continuously enrolled and were randomly divided into study group and control group, with 46 cases in each group. Both groups were given oral treatment of pidotimod, and the study group added Bifid Triple Viable Bifidobacterium Power, all the children were treated for 3 months, and followed-up time lasted for more than 1 year. The changes of serum C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), immunoglobulin G (IgG), pmmunoglobulin A (IgA) and T cell subgroups were compared between the two groups, and the clinical efficacy between the two groups were compared. Results After treatment, serum CRP and PCT concentrations significantly decreased, serum IgG and IgA level significantly increased, the peripheral blood T cell count of CD4+was significantly increased, CD8+was significantly decreased in both groups when compared with that treatment before (P ＜ 0. 05). At the same time, the study group showed lower serum CRP and PCT concentration, higher serum IgG and IgA levels, higher peripheral blood CD4+T cell count, and lower CD8+T cell count after treatment, when compare to the control group (P ＜ 0. 05). However, there was no statistically difference between two groups in clinical efficiency (P＞ 0. 05). Conclusion Probiotics can effectively improve the immune function and reduce the inflammation level in RRTI children.

Objective To explore the retired veteran cadres'satisfaction on current medical and nursing services in the cadre's sanatorium, and analyze the influencing factors .Methods By using cluster sampling , a total of 156 retired veteran cadres were investigated with a self-designed questionnaire , which contains two aspects of basic theory and skills and humanistic care on satisfaction .Results The score of satisfaction was (47.08 ±5.86), showing a preferable situation.The stepwise regression revealed that gender , family and social support, living conditions were the main factors affecting the retired veteran cadre'life satisfaction ( t=2.262, 2.602, 2.319, respectively;P <0.05 ).Conclusions While strengthening the learning of professional knowledge , health care workers in the cadre's sanatorium should attach great importance to humanistic care and humanistic nursing , giving more care to veteran cadres in many ways , thus we can improve the life satisfaction of veteran cadres comprehensively .

OBJECTIVETo compare the differences in shapes and properties and the microscopic frameworks of the wild and cultivated Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae from different regions.

METHODThe differences in the shapes and properties, the characters of transverse sections, the powder and disintegrated tissue of roots were compared using microscopic measurement and statistics analysis.

RESULTThe wild Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae had several long cylinder roots with rough flaky squama skin and brown red or wine culour, the cultivated had root of many branch with cling skin and brick-red or chestnut culour. The difference of microscopic histological structure was that the xylem vessel of wild Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae had bunched vessel with the rank form of big diameter alternating with small diameter, and had stone cell on samples from some producing region, the xylem vessel of the cultivated had no bunched vessel and no stone cell with the rank form of tangential radial. Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae cultivated in Sichuan Province is called original-region medicinal materials and named Chuandanshen. Chuandanshen had the differences with the Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix cultivated in other region. The root of Chuandanshen had 1.2 cm diameter, and was bulky and fat with solid fabric and the fracture with brownish yellow color and cutin-alikeness, its xylem vessel of transverse section of root was thin with the rank form of tangential radial, and 19-24 vascular bundle and a few wood fiber.

CONCLUSIONSalviae Miltiorrhizae Radix of the wild and the cultivated, of the original-region (Chuandanshen) and the other-region, have the differences in the shapes and properties, and the microscopic frameworks. The character can be identified by the differences in the shapes of medicinal materials, and the rank form of vascular bundle of transverse section of root.

China ; Microscopy ; Quality Control ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry ; growth & development

Progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease （PF-ILD） has a complex etiology， and is classified as lung impediment stage， impediment-atrophy combination stage， and lung atrophy stage according to the different clinical manifestations during the progression of disease. Based on the theory of opening-closing-pivoting to analyse the characteristics of yin and yang disease mechanism and the idea of prescriptions in the three stages. For lung impediment stage， main as three-Yang fail to keep inside， disharmony between Ying qi （营气） and Wei qi （卫气）， shaoyin impairment， treatment should use Mahuang （Ephedra sinica） and Guizhi （Neolitsea cassia） flexibly to form a formula， or choose pungent-dispersing formulas like Baidu Powder （败毒散） to move qi and save yang， and diffuse and disperse impediment pathogen， meanwhile combining saving-shaoyin medicinals like Fuzi （Aconitum carmichaelii） and Shudihuang （Radix Rehmanniae Praeparata） to reinforce healthy qi and dispel pathogen； for impediment-atrophy combination stage， rooted as yangming impairment and progressed by over-movement of qi， treatment should use Mahuang Shengma Decoction （麻黄升麻汤） to resolve and decrease over-activities， emphasis on both opening and closing， and improve impediment and atrophy； for lung atrophy stage with three-Yin in a bad condition simultaneously and poor prognosis， treatment should use modified Jinshui Liujun Decoction （金水六君煎） to consolidate qi and save yin， disperse phlegm and stasis， to improve the quality of life for patients with PF-ILD.