No abstract available.
Endoscopy* ; Pancreatic Diseases*

Malignant tenosynovial giant cell tumor (TsGCT) is a rare disease that can arise as a recurrent lesion or co-exist with a benign TsGCT lesion. Here we report a rare case of malignant TsGCT in a 73-year-old male with a history of lymphoma. The tumor appeared as a superficial soft-tissue mass in the subcutaneous fat tissue of the left knee.

Purpose: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by inflammation arising in the colonic mucosa. Recently, the incidence of UC has been rapidly increasing due to Westernized lifestyles. If UC persists for a long time (more than 10 years), it is known to elevate the risk of colorectal cancer. In an earlier study, we reported that the mulberry twig (MT) water extract effectively alleviated colitis in mice. In this study, we isolated oxyresveratrol (OXY) from MT as a principal component and compared the anticolitis efficacy of the MT water extract and OXY in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced mouse colitis model. Methods: Six-week-old male ICR mice were divided into four groups: control, DSS, DSS+MT, and DSS+OXY. All mice, except those in the control group, were administered 3% DSS in drinking water for 7 days. During the DSS feeding period, the mice in the DSS+MT and DSS+OXY groups were orally administered MT water extract (5 g/kg body weight [BW]) or OXY (300 mg/kg BW) once daily. Results: OXY administration significantly suppressed the disease activity index, DSS-induced colonic pathophysiological changes, and the bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling index of colonic mucosal cells compared to the DSS and DSS+MT groups. The levels of plasma tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and nitric oxide (NO), as well as colonic cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene expression and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, were significantly decreased in the OXY group compared to the DSS group. Conclusion These findings suggest that OXY effectively improves mouse colitis by suppressing the colonic inflammatory response and may serve as a potential adjuvant treatment for colitis.

Purpose: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by inflammation arising in the colonic mucosa. Recently, the incidence of UC has been rapidly increasing due to Westernized lifestyles. If UC persists for a long time (more than 10 years), it is known to elevate the risk of colorectal cancer. In an earlier study, we reported that the mulberry twig (MT) water extract effectively alleviated colitis in mice. In this study, we isolated oxyresveratrol (OXY) from MT as a principal component and compared the anticolitis efficacy of the MT water extract and OXY in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced mouse colitis model. Methods: Six-week-old male ICR mice were divided into four groups: control, DSS, DSS+MT, and DSS+OXY. All mice, except those in the control group, were administered 3% DSS in drinking water for 7 days. During the DSS feeding period, the mice in the DSS+MT and DSS+OXY groups were orally administered MT water extract (5 g/kg body weight [BW]) or OXY (300 mg/kg BW) once daily. Results: OXY administration significantly suppressed the disease activity index, DSS-induced colonic pathophysiological changes, and the bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling index of colonic mucosal cells compared to the DSS and DSS+MT groups. The levels of plasma tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and nitric oxide (NO), as well as colonic cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene expression and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, were significantly decreased in the OXY group compared to the DSS group. Conclusion These findings suggest that OXY effectively improves mouse colitis by suppressing the colonic inflammatory response and may serve as a potential adjuvant treatment for colitis.

Purpose: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by inflammation arising in the colonic mucosa. Recently, the incidence of UC has been rapidly increasing due to Westernized lifestyles. If UC persists for a long time (more than 10 years), it is known to elevate the risk of colorectal cancer. In an earlier study, we reported that the mulberry twig (MT) water extract effectively alleviated colitis in mice. In this study, we isolated oxyresveratrol (OXY) from MT as a principal component and compared the anticolitis efficacy of the MT water extract and OXY in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced mouse colitis model. Methods: Six-week-old male ICR mice were divided into four groups: control, DSS, DSS+MT, and DSS+OXY. All mice, except those in the control group, were administered 3% DSS in drinking water for 7 days. During the DSS feeding period, the mice in the DSS+MT and DSS+OXY groups were orally administered MT water extract (5 g/kg body weight [BW]) or OXY (300 mg/kg BW) once daily. Results: OXY administration significantly suppressed the disease activity index, DSS-induced colonic pathophysiological changes, and the bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling index of colonic mucosal cells compared to the DSS and DSS+MT groups. The levels of plasma tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and nitric oxide (NO), as well as colonic cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene expression and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, were significantly decreased in the OXY group compared to the DSS group. Conclusion These findings suggest that OXY effectively improves mouse colitis by suppressing the colonic inflammatory response and may serve as a potential adjuvant treatment for colitis.

No abstract available.
Contracture* ; Silicones*

Background: The present study was to compare the potential impact of remifentanil-based propofol-supplemented anesthesia regimen vs. conventional sevoflurane-sufentanil balanced anesthesia on postoperative recovery of consciousness indicated by c) values in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Methods: Patients undergoing cardiac surgery were randomly allocated to get the remifentanil-based propofol-supplemented anesthesia employing target-controlled infusion (TCI) of remifentanil and propofol (Group-PR, n = 15) or a balanced-anesthesia employing sevoflurane-inhalation and TCI-sufentanil (Group-C, n = 19). In Group-PR, plasma concentration (Cp) of TCI-remifentanil was fixed at 20 ng/ml, and the effect-site concentration of TCI-propofol was adjusted within 0.8–2.0 μg/ml to maintain BIS value of 40–60. In Group-C, sevoflurane dosage was adjusted within 1–1.5 minimum alveolar concentration to maintain BIS of 40–60, and Cp of TCI-sufentanil was fixed at 0.4 ng/ml. The inter-group difference in the time for achieving postoperative BIS > 80 (T-BIS80) in the intensive care unit was determined as the primary outcome. The inter-group difference in the extubation time was determined as the secondary outcome. Results: T-BIS80, was shorter in Group-PR than Group-C (121.4 ± 64.9 min vs. 182.9 ± 85.1 min, respectively; the difference of means –61.5 min; 95% CI –115.7 to –7.4 min; effect size 0.812; P = 0.027). The extubation time was shorter in Group-PR than in Group-C (434.7 ± 131.3 min vs. 946.6 ± 393.3 min, respectively, P < 0.001). Conclusions Compared with the conventional sevoflurane-sufentanil balanced anesthesia, the remifentanil-based propofol-supplemented anesthesia showed significantly faster postoperative conscious recovery in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) plays a crucial role in mood disorders; however, its specific role in the emotional behaviors of mice remains unclear.This study investigates the bidirectional control of emotional behaviors using population calcium dynamics and optogenetic manipulation of OFC neurons. Fiber photometry of OFC neurons revealed that OFC excitatory neurons consistently responded to the onset and offset of aversive conditions, showing decreased activation in response to anxiogenic and stressful stimuli, including tail suspension, restraint stress, and exposure to the center of the open field. The selective activation of excitatory neurons in the OFC reduced the time spent in the center of the open field, whereas optogenetic activation of inhibitory neurons in the OFC induced the opposite behavioral changes. We also provided a brain-wide activation map for OFC excitatory and inhibitory neuron activation. Our findings demonstrate that excitatory and inhibitory neurons in the OFC play opposing roles in the regulation of emotional behaviors. These results provide new insights into the neural mechanisms underlying emotional control and suggest that targeting these specific neuronal populations may offer novel therapeutic strategies for emotional disorders.

The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) plays a crucial role in mood disorders; however, its specific role in the emotional behaviors of mice remains unclear.This study investigates the bidirectional control of emotional behaviors using population calcium dynamics and optogenetic manipulation of OFC neurons. Fiber photometry of OFC neurons revealed that OFC excitatory neurons consistently responded to the onset and offset of aversive conditions, showing decreased activation in response to anxiogenic and stressful stimuli, including tail suspension, restraint stress, and exposure to the center of the open field. The selective activation of excitatory neurons in the OFC reduced the time spent in the center of the open field, whereas optogenetic activation of inhibitory neurons in the OFC induced the opposite behavioral changes. We also provided a brain-wide activation map for OFC excitatory and inhibitory neuron activation. Our findings demonstrate that excitatory and inhibitory neurons in the OFC play opposing roles in the regulation of emotional behaviors. These results provide new insights into the neural mechanisms underlying emotional control and suggest that targeting these specific neuronal populations may offer novel therapeutic strategies for emotional disorders.

The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) plays a crucial role in mood disorders; however, its specific role in the emotional behaviors of mice remains unclear.This study investigates the bidirectional control of emotional behaviors using population calcium dynamics and optogenetic manipulation of OFC neurons. Fiber photometry of OFC neurons revealed that OFC excitatory neurons consistently responded to the onset and offset of aversive conditions, showing decreased activation in response to anxiogenic and stressful stimuli, including tail suspension, restraint stress, and exposure to the center of the open field. The selective activation of excitatory neurons in the OFC reduced the time spent in the center of the open field, whereas optogenetic activation of inhibitory neurons in the OFC induced the opposite behavioral changes. We also provided a brain-wide activation map for OFC excitatory and inhibitory neuron activation. Our findings demonstrate that excitatory and inhibitory neurons in the OFC play opposing roles in the regulation of emotional behaviors. These results provide new insights into the neural mechanisms underlying emotional control and suggest that targeting these specific neuronal populations may offer novel therapeutic strategies for emotional disorders.