As a unit of medical science practice, the teaching hospitals shoulder the great responsibility of carrying out medical science popularization. With the development of network media, the model of medical science popularization has also been enriched. In order to make better use of the intelligence and convenience of emerging media, medical students′ science popularization ability and network media literacy urgently need to be improved. This article analyzes the current status of medical students′ science popularization ability and network literacy and analyzes its importance. It discusses the ways and means of training medical students′ science popularization ability and network literacy in teaching work, so as to continuously create a new situation in the development of teaching hospitals.

Objective:To evaluate the effects of antibiotics alone and combined with Longqing tablets and antibiotics on stent-related symptoms (SRS), urinary tract infection (UTI), and quality of life in patients who underwent ureteroscopic lithotripsy (URL) with indwelling ureteral stents.Methods:The clinical data of 160 patients who underwent URL with indwelling ureteral stents in the Department of Urology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2022 to December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the postoperative application of antibiotics and Longqing tablets, they were divided into two groups: control group and observation group, with 80 cases in each group. The control group took Levofloxacin tablets orally, and the observation group took Longqing tablets combined with Levofloxacin tablets orally. The SRS of the two groups was compared according to the degree of urinary tract irritation symptoms, low back pain, and dysuria. UTI was evaluated by the incidence of fever, hematuria, pyuria, positive rate of urine culture, and specific bacterial classes. The Chinese version of the ureteral stent symptom questionnaire (USSQ) and the quality of life score were evaluated in the two groups. Normally distributed quantitative data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation ( ± s), and the t-test was used for comparison between groups; non-normally distributed quantitative data were expressed as median (interquartile range) [ M( Q1, Q3)], and the non-parametric test was used for comparison between groups. Count data were expressed as the number of cases and percentage, and the Chi-square test was used for comparison between groups. Results:Among the 160 patients, 141 (88.13%) developed SRS, including 71 cases (88.75%) in the control group, and 70 cases (87.50%) in the observation group, there was no significant difference between the two groups ( P=0.724). In terms of SRS, the urinary tract irritation symptom scores [3.0 (1.0, 5.0) points vs 5.0 (3.0, 7.0) points], low back pain scores [1.5 (1.0, 2.0) points vs 2.5 (2.0, 3.0) points] and dysuria scores [1.5 (1.0, 2.0) points vs 3.5 (2.5, 4.0) points] of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group, the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The Chinese version of USSQ showed that the urinary tract symptoms of the observation group were significantly relieved compared with the control group [15(12, 19) points vs 22 (15, 28) points], and the difference was statistically significant ( P=0.037). In terms of UTI, the incidence of fever (6.25% vs 7.50%), the incidence of hematuria (20.00% vs 22.50%), the incidence of pyuria (30.00% vs 33.75%), and positive rate of urine culture (11.25% vs 15.00%) between the two groups were not statistically significant ( P> 0.05), but the number was reduced to a certain extent. There was no statistically significant difference in the scores of physiological function, emotional function and social function between the two groups before surgery ( P> 0.05); however, the scores of the above three items in both groups were improved 2 weeks after surgery, and the improvement of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group, with statistical significance ( P<0.01). Conclusion:Longqing tablets combined with antibiotics are more effective in improving SRS in patients who receive URL and have indwelling ureteral stents than antibiotics alone, and can prevent UTI and improve the quality of life to a certain extent.

Objective To investigate the prognostic factors of patients with upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) treated with gemcitabine plus cisplatin (GC).Methods The clinical and follow-up data of 80 patients with UTUC admitted to Beijing Friendship Hospital,Capital Medical University from January 2013 to July 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.All patients underwent UTUC radical surgery.All patients were treated with GC regimen:1,8,and 15 days,Gemcitabine 800 mg/m2,intravenous infusion over 30 min;day 2 Cisplatin 70 mg/m2,protected from light 2 h intravenous drip;28 d for 1 cycle.Adjuvant treatments such as acid suppression,hydration,and antiemetic were given before and after chemotherapy.Patients completed 1 to 5 cycles with an average of 2 cycles.The patient's age,gender,presence or absence of water,primary tumor site,tumor stage and grade,lymphatic vascular infiltration,tumor recurrence,lymph node metastasis,organ metastasis,chemotherapy cycle,total Survival,etc.are used as indicators ofobservation.Univariate analysis of the patient's overall survival,screening for clinical variables associated with prognosis,and then using the COX proportional hazards model for multivariate prognostic analysis to determine independent influencing factors.Results Eighty patients with UTUC were followed up for 2 to 72 months with a median follow-up of 27 months.Sixteen patients (20％) died of UTUC recurrence or metastasis,and 64 (80％) patients survived.The 1-year cumulative survival rate was 78.26％ (18/23),and the 2-year cumulative survival rate was 54.18％ (9/13 ×78.26％),the 3-year cumulative survival rate was 39.41％ (8/1 1 × 54.18％),the 4-year cumulative survival rate was 31.53％ (12/15 × 39.41％),and the 5-year cumulative survival rate was 28.66％ (10/11 × 31.53％).Univariate analysis showed combined hydronephrosis (P =0.023),lymphatic vessel infiltration (LVI) (P =0.001),tumor TNM stage (P =0.002),tumor recurrence (P =0.008),simple lymph node metastasis (P =0.005),organ metastasis (P ＜ 0.001) was related to survival rate.COX model multivariate analysis showed that the independent risk factors associated with survival of patients with UTUC receiving chemotherapy with GC regimen were hydronephrosis (HR =4.355,95％CI:1.232-15.390,P=0.022),LVI (HR =0.133,95％ CI:0.035-0.509,P=0.003),TNM stage (HR=0.099,95％CI:0.010-0.929,P=0.043).Conclusion The presence or absence of hydronephrosis,LVI,and tumor TNM staging are independent factors influencing the prognosis of patients with UTUC who have adjuvant chemotherapy.

Objective:To investigate the prognostic significance of the lymphovascular invasion (LVI) in patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma(UTUC) after radical nephoureterectomy (RNU) and Gemcitabine and Cisplatin combination Chemotherapy (GC).Methods:The clinical data of 95 patients with UTUC admitted to Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University from March 2013 to March 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. There were 50 males and 45 females; the average age was 63 years, ranged from 36 to 81 years. According to the situation of LVI, they were divided into LVI positive group ( n=25) and LVI negative group ( n=70). Chi-square test was used to analyze the clinicopathological parameters of the two groups of patients. Kaplan-Meier method was used to draw the survival curves of the overall survival (OS) time and recurrence-free survival (RFS) time of the two groups of patients. The difference between the two groups was used Log-Rank test. The risk factors related to OS and RFS were evaluated using univariate and multivariate Cox regression models. Results:All patients were followed up for 2-82 months, with an average follow-up time of 36 months. Among them, 20(21.1%) died and 36(37.9%) relapsed. There were significant differences in T stage ( P=0.046), lymph node metastasis ( P=0.032), and tumor location ( P=0.019) between LVI negative group and LVI negative group. Univariate analysis showed that hydronephrosis ( P=0.026), lymph node metastasis( P=0.001), LVI ( P=0.001), chemotherapy cycle ( P=0.045) were correlated with OS; hydronephrosis ( P=0.031), tumor T stage ( P=0.013), lymph node metastasis ( P=0.004), LVI ( P=0.001) were significantly correlated with RFS. Multivariate analysis showed that hydronephrosis ( P=0.016), lymph node metastasis ( P=0.016), and LVI( P=0.003) were significantly correlated with OS. Lymph node metastasis ( P=0.018), LVI ( P=0.003) were significantly correlated with RFS. In conclusion, LVI was an independent risk factor for OS and RFS. The OS [(40.7±6.5) months for LVI positive group, (68.5±3.2) months for LVI negative group, χ2=15.750, P<0.001] and RFS [(31.0±5.7) months for LVI positive group, (58.0±8.8) months for LVI negative group, χ2=10.986, P=0.001] of patients with LVI positive group were worse than those with LVI negative group, the differences were statistically significant. Conclusions:LVI is more likely to be possitive in patients with high T stage, lymph node metastasis and single renal pelvis cancer, which provides a basis for risk stratification of patients with UTUC. After radical resection and adjuvant chemotherapy, the benefit of OS and RFS in patients with positive LVI was significantly worse than that in patients with negative LVI.

Objective:To explore the risk factors of tumor recurrence after radical nephroureterectomy combined with Gemcitabine and Cisplatin(GC) systemic intravenous chemotherapy for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC), establish a recurrence risk prediction model, and conduct preliminary verification.Methods:One hundred and one cases of UTUC were analyzed from January 2013 to October 2019 in Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University retrospectively. All patients underwent radical nephroureterectomy+ bladder cuff resection, and were treated with GC intravenous adjuvant chemotherapy, among which 19 underwent preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The study collected general information and clinical characteristics of the patients, and follow up the patient's recurrence. Tumor recurrence and relapse free survival (RFS) were the main observation indexes. The patients were divided into the recurrent group and the non-recurrent group according to their recurrence. Kaplan-Meier and Log-rank methods were used to estimate and compare the RFS rates of the two groups. Univariate difference analysis was used to identify the indicators that were significantly different between patients in the recurrence group and the non-recurrence group, and the COX proportional hazard model was further used to explore the correlation between each factor and the tumor recurrence. According to the weights of relevant risk factors, an individual prognostic index (PI) equation was established, a recurrence prediction model was constructed, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used for verification.Results:One hundred and one patients were followed up for 2-82 months, with median 22 months. 40 patients had recurrence, including 32 in the bladder and 8 in the contralateral upper urinary. One-year RFS was 82.10%, two-year RFS was 68.90% and 5-year RFS was 42.10%. COX proportional risk model results showed that tumor hydronephrosis (X1), lymphovascular invasion (X2) and tumor T stage (X3) were independent risk factors, while neoadjuvant chemotherapy (X4) and chemotherapy cycle (X5) were independent protective factors. Individual PI equation =0.964X1+ 0.688X2+ 0.508X3-1.566 X4-0.675X5. The ROC curve was drawn to show that the optimal pointcut value was 179.5 when the Youden index was 0.537, the sensitivity of the model was 0.750, the specificity was 0.787, and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.838(95% CI: 0.758-0.918). Conclusions:Hydronephrosis, tumor T stage, lymphovascular invasion, neoadjuvant chemotherapy and chemotherapy cycle are independent factors affecting the recurrence of UTUC patients. The multi-factor risk prediction model is suitable for evaluating the possibility of tumor recurrence after radical surgery combined with GC chemotherapy in UTUC patients, which can provide scientific evidence for the prognosis assessment of patients.

Objective:To compare the specific mechanism and effects between christina loosestrife and snowbellleaf tickclover herb on kidney calcium oxalate calculi in rats.Methods:A total of 54 SPF grade SD male rats were fed adaptically for 1 week to 180-200 g, the models of rats with kidney calcium oxalate calculi were established by intragastric administration with glycol, and divided into nine groups according to random number table method and controlled, which were healthy control group (group A), positive control group (model group, group B), low, medium and high doses of christina loosestrife groups (C1, C2, C3, 3 groups), low, medium and high doses of snowbellleaf tickclover herb groups (D1, D2, D3, 3 groups), therapeutic control group (potassium sodium hydrogen citrate group, group E), 6 rats in each group. After 4 weeks, samples were collected to determine the urine and serum biochemical indexes of each group, and Von Kossa staining was used to detect kidney calcium oxalate crystals. Calcium oxalate crystal deposition in kidney tissues of rats was observed under polarization microscope, and the difference of efficacy between the two drug effects was determined by the percentage of positive area in photos and the urine and serum biochemical indexes. The measurement data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation ( ± s), one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison between groups, and SNK- q test was used for comparison between two groups. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare crystal formation between groups. Results:Compared with the positive control group and christina loosestrife groups, high dose of snowbellleaf tickclover herb could significantly reduce serum creatinine level ( P<0.01), the mean serum creatinine of rats with christina loosestrife was (86.70±11.49) μmol/L, that of rats with snowbellleaf tickclover herb was (70.72±9.08) μmol/L, the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.01). High dose of christina loosestrife and snowbellleaf tickclover herb could significantly increase urinary magnesium and decrease serum urea levels, and there was no statistical significance between them ( P>0.05). Compared with the positive control group, high dose of christina loosestrife ( P<0.000 1) and snowbellleaf tickclover herb ( P<0.000 1) could both inhibit the formation of calcium oxalate crystals and protect the kidney of rats, and there was no statistical significance between the two effects ( P>0.05). The levels of urine pH value could not be increased, while the levels of urinary calcium urinary oxalic acid and 24 h urine volume, serum calcium, serum phosphorus, serum magnesium, blood uric acid and content of kidney oxalate could not be decreased significantly after using these two drugs. Conclusion:Snowbellleaf tickclover herb is better than christina loosestrife in preventing recurrence of kidney calcium oxalate calculi and protecting renal function.

Objective:To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of incision and drainage with Holmium laser under flexible ureteroscope in the treatment of parapelvic cysts.Methods:The clinical data of 21 patients with parapelvic cysts in Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2018 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, including 10 males and 11 females. The average age was (62.86±5.38) years, and median age was 63.0 years, aged from 36-72 years. The maximum diameter of the cyst was 33-71 mm, with an average of (53.46±9.68) mm. There were 15 cases with homolateral hydronephrosis and 6 cases with homolateral renal calculus. The patients included in the study were treated with incision and drainage with Holmium laser under flexible ureteroscope. The double J ureteral catheter was removed and the urinary system ultrasound was repeated one month after surgery. CT on bilateral kidney was repeated every 6 months until 12 months after surgery. Subsequently, ultrasound on bilateral kidney was reviewed regularly every year. Prognostic indexes sunch as operation time, postoperative hospital stay, postoperative time of getting out of bed, intraoperative blood loss, recurrence and shrinkage of renal cysts were recorded.Results:Of the 21 patients who underwent incision and drainage with Holmium laser under flexible ureteroscope, 9 cases (42.9%) underwent the one-stage operation and 12 cases (57.1%) underwent the two-stage operation. The mean operative time was (41.57±10.86) min, the mean postoperative hospitalization time was (2.90±1.06) d, the mean time of getting out of bed was (0.53±0.30) d, and the mean intraoperative blood loss was (6.52±2.15) mL. No significant recurrence of cysts was observed in all patients after 6-60 months of follow-up, and the cysts disappeared completely or shrank significantly.Conclusion:Incision and drainage with Holmium laser under flexible ureteroscope is safe and reliable in patients with parapelvic cysts, with short operation time, minor blood loss, rapid postoperative recovery and low recurrence rate, which is one of the ideal treatment options for parapelvic cysts.