In this study we have examined the state of actin polymerization in B cells from different development stages in bursa of Fabricius of Peking duck by indirect immunofluorescence technique using antibody against actin. In B cells from bursa of Fabricius of 26th day embryo and 3th week after hatching, the polymeric actin was the main form in the actin pool. In B cells from bursa of Fabricius of 12th week after hatching, however, the monomeric actin was the main form, which might be a result of the shift from the polymeric actin pool to the monomeric pool. We concluded that the state of actin polymerization might be an important factor in the cellular functions of B cells of bursa of Fabricius.

If we can add how to avoid medical dispute into clinical education,it must be very helpful to young doctors in their medical work after graduation.The article analyzed the cause of medical dispute,and proposed how to enhance the education of medical dispute avoiding,and prove a efficient way to improve clinical education.

Objective:To investigate the change of expression of AQP 2 in renal of obstructive jaundice rats , and the relationship between AQP 2 and the changing of Cr and BUN.Methods: Legated the common bile duct of rats to form the obstructive jaundice group.Scarified the rats on the 3th,5th,7th,10th,14th day,took blood samples and the kidney of the rats.Test direct bilirubin BUN and Cr in serum,the renal histopathological changes were observed by optical microscopy .The expression of AQP2 in renal of rats was tested by using radio immunological method.Results: Light microscopic examination of kidney showed that swelling epithelium arranged irregularly in 3rd day ,bleb in the 5th day.The expression of AQP2 in renal of rats with obstructive jaundice were greatly less than sham operation.Mesenchyma inflammatory cells infiltrate in 7th day.Local epithelial necrosis and lots of inflammatory cells infiltrate in the mesenchyma in 10th day and 14th day.The expression of AQP2 in renal collective tubule was decreased on the 5th day compared with sham operation ,and the decrease was more as time gone by.The renal function injury can be confirmed though the renal collective tubule change.Cr and BUN in serum began to increase on the 10th day and 14th day.Conclusion: Decrease of AQP2 is earlier than the increase of Cr and BUN ,and it can be the early sign of renal function injury.

Objective To investigate the changes of renal medulla aquaporin 2 expression and morphological changes of epithelia of collecting tube after bile duct recanalizaiton operation.Methods Thirty rats were divided into two groups randomly.Common bile duct ligation was performed on 20 experimental rats with silicon tubes 2 mm in extre-diameter,and sham operation on the other 10 rats.Seven days later,bile duct recanalizaiton was performed on obstructive jaundice group and sham operation on contrast group.Experimental rats were divided into two subgroups randomly.Half of them were killed immediately and the others would be killed 24 hours later.Serum of each rat was collected to detect hepatic function and renal function.Renal medulla was fixed for microscopic examination and was kept in the-80 ℃ refrigerator for aquaporin 2 expression measurement by Western blot technique.ResultsAll of the animals accomplished the experiment smoothly.Golden ascites were found in the rats of obstructive jaundice group.Twenty-four hours after recanalization,serum bilirubin levels decreased 〔(45.95?8.39)?mol/L〕,P

Stenting is one of the effective approaches in the treatment of cerebrovascular stenosis. It may reduce the risk of ischemic stroke in patients with symptomatic and asymptomatic cerebrovascular stenosis. With the increasing number of stenting procedures in the treatment of cerebrovascular stenosis, various complications have received attention. This article reviews some common complications and their management.

Objective To evaluate the application of fast-FLAIR T 2WI and enhanced fat-suppressed T 1WI in diagnosis of meningeal disorders.Methods Fast-FLAIR T 2WI and enhanced fat-suppressed T 1WI imaging for 38 patients with meningeal disorders were contrastingly studied.Results Meningeal disorders foci were found in all patients. 55 foci were displayed with fast-FLAIR T 2WI and 59 with enhanced fat-suppressed T 1WI.Conclusions The fast-FLAIR T 2WI and enhanced fat-suppressed T 1WI are all useful to improve the detection of meningeal disorders.

Liver fibrosis is characterized by an abnormal hepatic accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) that results from both increased deposition and reduced degradation of collagen fibres. Some studies show that transforming growth factor ?1(TGF-?1), alternatively activated macrophage (aaM) and interleukin 13(IL-13) play a key role in the evolution of fibrosis, of which TGF-?1 and IL-13 become research hotspots. TGF-?1 mainly activates hepatic stellate cells (HSC) through TGF-?1/Smad signal pathway, while IL-13 seems to play a rather crucial role through JAK-STAT6 signal pathway. aaM is an important source of TGF-?1 and activated with Il-13. This paper reviews the role of those signaling molecules in cellular signal transduction of hepatic fibrosis of schistosomiasis japonica, and provides some targets for future drug development.

Objective To clone and express the cell signaling protein 14-3-3 gene from Toxoplasma gondii RH strain. Methods Toxoplasma RH strain tachyzoites, which maintained by mouse passage, were harvested from ascites of mice and genomic DNA was prepared. A pair of primers were designed and synthesized based on the sequence of Toxo 14-3-3 cDNA. A specific fragment of Toxo 14-3-3 gene was obtained by RT-PCR amplification from Toxoplasma genomic DNA. The PCR products were ligated to pGEM-T. The EcoRI / Xho I restricted fragments, confirmed by PCR and EcoRI / XhoI digestion, were cloned into expression vector pET28a and the recombinants were transformd into E.coli BL21. Fusion expression was induced by isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactoside (IPTG) and confirmed by Western blotting with rabbit anti-Toxoplasma sera. Results The molecular size of Toxo 14-3-3 was 803 bp, which is highly homologous to the previous report cloned from the parasites of intestinal epithelial stage in cat. High expression was obtained in pET28a/ Toxo 14-3-3/E.coli BL21 when confirmed by Western blotting. Conclusion The recombinant construction of Toxo 14-3-3 was generated and expression was induced.

Estimation of postmortem interval(PMI) by ocular tissues has been a new top subject in the forensic research and practice ifelds. A lot of research results showed that the changes of cornea, retina, vitreous humor and aqueous humor and so on exist a high linear correlation with PMI, which can be used to estimate PMI. This paper reviewed recent progress of study on them.

Mesenchymal to epithelial transition (MET), whereby mesenchymal cells become more epithelial like in phenotype, was observed to occur during normal development and in cancers. Numerous investigations have been conducted on MET in carcino-mas. In addition, accumulating evidence also suggests the critical function of MET in sarcomas. Integrated analyses reveal that MET may be an important biological and clinical process in sarcomas, and transcription factors such as Slug may also perform central func-tions in epithelial differentiation in several sarcomas such as leiomyo-sarcoma and synovial sarcoma. Given the scarcity of investiga-tions and evidence, several important issues about MET, such as its molecular markers, signaling mechanisms, micro RNA regulations, and clinical significance, need to be clarified. In this article, we review several important questions about MET in sarcomas, including molecular markers, signaling mechanisms, regulation by miRNAs, and therapeutic implications.