Objective To evaluate the immunoprotective effect of Schistosoma japonicum (Chinese strain) recombinant signaling protein 14-3-3(rSj14-3-3), and to observe the synergism of rSj14-3-3 and rSjGST proteins as candidate vaccine and the effect of ??-T cells activated by Mtb against Schistosoma japonicum. Methods BALB/c mice immunized with rSj14-3-3 and rSjGST purified through SDS-PAGE, electroelution and dialysis were challenged by cercaria infection. Six weeks after challenging infection, the mice were killed and the worm and egg reduction rates were calculated. Results Worm reduction rate was found to be 32.20% in rSj14-3-3+Freund adjuvant group, 31.10% in rSj14-3-3+rSjGST+Freund adjuvant group, 27.96% in rSj14-3-3+Mtb group, 26.00% in rSj14-3-3+rSjGST+Mtb group, and 27.10 % in rSjGST+Mtb group, respectively, number of eggs in liver tissue was reduced by 50.40%, 53.30%, 51.10%, 58.60% and 51.30%, respectively. Conclusion rSj14-3-3 could induce partial immunity against Schistosoma japonicum in BALB/c mice, and might serve as a candidate vaccine; ??-T cell activated by Mtb played a role in anti-Schistosoma japonicum similar to the immune reactions induced by Freund adjuvant, but no synergistic effect combined with rSjGST was observed.

Objective To study the localization of the signaling protein 14-3-3 of Schistosoma japonicum (Sj14-3-3)in the parasite. Methods Cercariae were collected from the infected Oncomelania hupensis for the infection of rabbits. Fifteen-day-old schistosomula and adult worms obtained from infected rabbits 15 and 42 days post-infection were used for frozen sections and indirect immunofluorescence staining with monoclonal antibody to rSj14-3-3. Results The results showed that the Sj14-3-3 distributed mainly in the tegument, subtegument, muscle, and parenchyma of both adult worms and 15-day-old schistosomula. Conclusion The wide distribution and large sites of Sj14-3-3 in the parasite were clearly demonstrated, which established a significant clue for further studies of biologic actions and application of 14-3-3 protein.

Objective To investigate the changes of renal medulla aquaporin 2 expression and morphological changes of epithelia of collecting tube after bile duct recanalizaiton operation.Methods Thirty rats were divided into two groups randomly.Common bile duct ligation was performed on 20 experimental rats with silicon tubes 2 mm in extre-diameter,and sham operation on the other 10 rats.Seven days later,bile duct recanalizaiton was performed on obstructive jaundice group and sham operation on contrast group.Experimental rats were divided into two subgroups randomly.Half of them were killed immediately and the others would be killed 24 hours later.Serum of each rat was collected to detect hepatic function and renal function.Renal medulla was fixed for microscopic examination and was kept in the-80 ℃ refrigerator for aquaporin 2 expression measurement by Western blot technique.ResultsAll of the animals accomplished the experiment smoothly.Golden ascites were found in the rats of obstructive jaundice group.Twenty-four hours after recanalization,serum bilirubin levels decreased 〔(45.95?8.39)?mol/L〕,P

Objective:To investigate the change of expression of AQP 2 in renal of obstructive jaundice rats , and the relationship between AQP 2 and the changing of Cr and BUN.Methods: Legated the common bile duct of rats to form the obstructive jaundice group.Scarified the rats on the 3th,5th,7th,10th,14th day,took blood samples and the kidney of the rats.Test direct bilirubin BUN and Cr in serum,the renal histopathological changes were observed by optical microscopy .The expression of AQP2 in renal of rats was tested by using radio immunological method.Results: Light microscopic examination of kidney showed that swelling epithelium arranged irregularly in 3rd day ,bleb in the 5th day.The expression of AQP2 in renal of rats with obstructive jaundice were greatly less than sham operation.Mesenchyma inflammatory cells infiltrate in 7th day.Local epithelial necrosis and lots of inflammatory cells infiltrate in the mesenchyma in 10th day and 14th day.The expression of AQP2 in renal collective tubule was decreased on the 5th day compared with sham operation ,and the decrease was more as time gone by.The renal function injury can be confirmed though the renal collective tubule change.Cr and BUN in serum began to increase on the 10th day and 14th day.Conclusion: Decrease of AQP2 is earlier than the increase of Cr and BUN ,and it can be the early sign of renal function injury.

Objective To optimize technology of three can group dynamic countercurrent extraction process of ferulic acid from Angelicae Sinensis Radix.Methods The content of ferulic acid was determined by HPLC. With content of ferulic acid as index, comprehensive test was used to investigate effect of extraction solvent and extraction time on extraction efficiency.Results The optimum process parameters were as follows:extraction solvent with 10 times of water;20 minutes for each extraction time.Conclusion The process which uses method of three can group of dynamic countercurrent extraction of ferulic acid from Angelicae Sinensis Radix is reliable, highly efficient and energy saving.

Objective To study the effects of ultrafiltration process on activating blood and removing blood stasis efficacy ofShentong Zhuyu Decoction; To investigate the feasibility of applying ultrafiltration technology in purifying Shentong Zhuyu Decoction.Methods The mice micro artery and vein diameter, clotting time and opening capillary of auricle microcirculation of mice were used as indexes to observe the effects of different ultrafiltration process on activating blood and removing blood stasis efficacy ofShentong Zhuyu Decoction.ResultsShentong Zhuyu Decoction showed satisfying efficacy of activating blood and removing blood stasis. There was no significant difference between the non-ultrafiltration process and ultrafiltration processed by 20 and 50 nm ultrafiltration membranes.Conclusion Ultrafiltration technology can be applied to purifying Shentong Zhuyu Decoction, and the membrane pore size must be more than 20 nm.

Objective To establish a suitable extraction and purification process line for industrial production of liquiritin. Methods With the extraction rate of liquiritin as index, orthogonal test was used to determine the optimum conditions; with the retention rate of liquiritin and impurity removal rate as the indexes, orthogonal test was used to optimize the best ultrafiltration process parameters. Results The optimum extraction conditions were: 24 times 0.75%ammonia water, extracted three times, each time under 60 min. The liquiritin average extraction rate was 72.3%. The best ultrafiltration process parameters were: 10 nm inorganic ceramic membrane, pressure of 0.12 MPa, temperature of 25 ℃. The liquiritin average retention rate was 98.9%, and the average removal rate of impurity was 23.3%. Conclusion This process has low production cost and good safety, and is suitable for industrial application.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of Q?SPECT, CTPA, Q?SPECT/CT, and Q?SPECT/CTPA for pulmonary embolism (PE) in rabbit models. Methods (1) The PE models were constructed by injecting Gelfoam into the femoral vein of New Zealand rabbits ( n=30) . Q?SPECT, CTPA, Q?SPECT/CT and Q?SPECT/CTPA fusion images were obtained by integrated SPECT/CT. (2) All images were interpreted by two experienced nuclear radiologists who were blind to pathologic findings. The locations and numbers of lung lobes with PE were recorded respectively. ( 3) Serial sectioning of the lungs was per?formed and pathologically determined. (4) Se, Sp and Ac of different methods were compared using McNemar test;PPV and NPV were compared usingχ2 test. Kappa test was used to analyze the consistency between two nuclear radiologists. Kappa values<0.40 were interpreted as poor consistency, 0.40 to 0.75 as moderate con?sistency, >0.75 as good consistency. Results (1) Histologically confirmed emboli were present in a total of 26 pulmonary lobes and absent in 79 lobes. (2)The Se, Sp, Ac, PPV, and NPV of 4 imaging methods were:53.8%(14/26), 93.7%(74/79), 83.8%(88/105), 14/19, 86.0%(74/86) for Q?SPECT;73.1%(19/26), 96.2%(76/79), 90.5%(95/105), 86.4%(19/22), 91.6%(76/83) for CTPA;76.9%(20/26), 93.7%(74/79), 89.5%(94/105), 80.0%(20/25), 92.5%(74/80)for Q?SPECT/CT;88.5%(23/26), 91.1%(72/79), 90.5%(95/105), 76.7%(23/30), 96.0%(72/75) for Q?SPECT/CTPA. (3) McNemar test showed Q?SPECT/CT and Q?SPECT/CTPA had higher diagnostic Se for the detection of PE than Q?SPECT (χ2=4.167, 7.111, both P<0.05) , but without any significant difference with CTPA in diagnostic efficiency (χ2=0-2.250, all P>0.05) . Q?SPECT/CT had higher diagnostic Ac than Q?SPECT (χ2=4.167, P<0.05) . There was no significant difference between Q?SPECT/CT and Q?SPECT/CTPA in diagnostic effi?ciency (χ2=0.001-1.333, all P>0.05). (4)Kappa values of 4 imaging methods for radiologist 1 and 2 were 0.902, 0.915, 0.973, and 0.884. Conclusions Q?SPECT/CT imaging provides good Se and Sp. The diag?nostic efficiency of Q?SPECT/CT is better than that of Q?SPECT and is corresponded roughly to the efficien?cy of CTPA, Q?SPECT/CTPA. The diagnosis of two radiologists on Q?SPECT/CT images has the best con?sistency.

Objective:To observe the effect of TGF-β1 on collagen degradation of rabbit keratocytes.Methods:The activity of collagen degradation of keratocytes with three-dime nsional culture in collagen gel was determined with spectrophotometer.Results:TGF-β inhibited collagen degradation of keratocytes in dose-dependent manner.Conclusion:The present result suggests that TGF-β1 has the inhibitory effect on collagen degradation of keratocytes and may help in the treatment of corneal ulceration.

Objective To verify the reliability of dose parameters of radiotherapy under reference and non-reference conditions by using TLD.Methods Dose parameters were verified by using TLDs under reference and non-reference conditions,including the maximum dose in axel of 5 electron beams with energy of 9 MeV and the variations of dose by depth,source-skin distance,exposure field and 45° wedge for 10 photon beams with energy of 6 MV in 5 hospitals.Results The average relative deviation of 6 MV photon beam measured between TLDs and finger ionization chambers were 4.45％,within ± 7％ as required by IAEA.The average relative deviation of 9 MeV electron beam measured between TLDs and plane parallel chambers were 2.45％,within ± 5％ was required by IAEA.Conclusions Measuring dosimetric parameters by using TLDs under reference and non-reference conditions was reliable and feasible.