OBJECTIVE To evaluate the difference of efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy on different age patients with allergic rhinitis. METHODS 229 patients with dermatophagoides farina drops allergic rhinitis who have finished SLIT at least 2 years were enrolled and analyzed by retrospective analysis. All patients were divided into different age groups: pre-adolescence(n=107), adolescence(n=53), adulthood(n=69). Indexes for therapeutic effects of SLIT visual analogue scale(VAS) score, rhinitis symptom scores, medication scoreintra- and inter groups were assessed during different stage of treatment(3 months, 1 year and 2 years). Data were analyzed with SPSS 19.0 software. RESULTS Compared with prior treatment, after the SLIT for 3 months, 1 year, 2 years, VAS scores, rhinitis symptom scores, medication scoresof all the patients with allergic rhinitis are significantly decreased; Differences of rhinitis symptom scores(H=0.844, 4.153, 2.669, P>0.05), VAS score(H=1.356, 3.720, 0.313, P >0.05), medication scores(H=1.044, 5.841, 3.399, P>0.05) between groups had no statistical significance at different stage after treatment(3 months, 1 year and 2 years); The differences between 2 years and 1 year of SLIT treatment showed statistical significance in the VAS scores(Z=1.635, P =1.635). CONCLUSION SLIT with dust mites drops had good curative effect and security in patients with allergic rhinitis, which hadno obvious difference between different age groups.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of Ganyu capsule on the experimental hepatic injury in mice and rats.Methods Acute hepatic injury was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 0.1 %CCl4 10mL/kg and D-galactosamine 500 mg/kg in mice;Cirrhosis was induced by 40 %CCl4 adding with variousagents in rats.The biochemical parameters such as serum ALT were examined and the histopathological changes of hepatic tissue was measured.Results Ganyu capsule could obviously inhibit the increase of serum ALT and AST activity and reduce the content of collagen in liver and the deseverity of hepatic fibrosis.Conclusion Ganyu capsule has protective effects on the acute and chronic hepatic injury in mice and rats.

Objective To observe the expression of neuron specific enolase (NEC) to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of a cell-penetrating Bax-inhibiting peptide (BIP) on neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD). Methods Wi-star rats (7-day old) were randomly divided into Sham group, BIP group and HIBD group. After modeling HIBD, the histologi-cal (HE staining) and immunohistochemistry methods were used to determine the apoptotic pathological changes and the NSE expression levels in the brain at different time points. Results Compared to the Sham group, the rats of HIBD group showed significant apoptotic pathological changes. The histological changes and the brain damages were improved significantly in BIP group at each sampling point. The number of NSE-positive cells was significantly decreased in HIBD and BIP groups over time (P<0.05). The number of NSE-positive cells had significant difference among different groups at 48 h, 96 h and 7 d after opera-tion (F=45.35-81.66, P<0.01). The number of NSE-positive cells in the HIBD group was smaller than that of the Sham group and BIP group 48 h after operation (P<0.05). The number of NSE-positive cells in the BIP group was smaller than that of the Sham group 96 h after operation (P<0. 05). Conclusions BIP can decrease the apoptosis of cortex nerve cells in 7-day old HIBD rat model, and may have neuroprotective effect on the early stage of HIBD.

Objective: To understand the interrelationships of parental control, peer relationship, and aggressive behavior in junior high school students, in order to provide a theoretical basis for preventing the occurrence of adolescent aggressive behavior. Methods: During June to July, 2022, 2 564 students of grade one to grade three were selected from 6 junior high schools from each of Suzhou and Xuancheng cities in Anhui Province by using convenient cluster random sampling method, and then the questionnaire survey was administered, including the Chinese version of Parent Control Questionnaire, Chinese version of Buss & Perry Aggression Questionnaire and Adolescent Peer Relationship Questionnaire. Results: Boys scored (185.31±27.49, 21.65±7.43, 21.77 ±8.18, 69.50±11.41, 72.39±11.53) higher than girls (178.21±25.13, 20.08±7.09, 20.61±7.62, 66.56± 11.14 , 70.95± 11.84 ) in parental control, father s psychological control, mother s psychological control, father s behavioral control, and mother s behavioral control ( t =8.63, 5.47, 3.70, 6.60, 3.12), while girls scored (48.41±11.26) higher in peer relationship than boys ( 47.13 ± 10.84 ) ( t =-2.95) ( P <0.01). The scores of first grade students in parental control, father s psychological control, mother s psychological control, father s behavior control, peer relationship, and aggressive behavior (184.67±27.18, 21.83± 7.29 , 22.15±8.07, 68.81±10.95, 50.21±9.57, 80.23±17.66) were higher than those of second gradestudents (180.98±25.46, 20.16±7.82, 20.21±7.55, 68.29±11.69, 45.47±11.67, 74.08±17.70) and third grade students (179.21±26.79, 20.53±7.22, 21.17 ± 8.06 , 66.81± 11.39 , 47.54±11.43, 75.75±16.29) ( F =9.44, 12.87, 13.61, 6.84, 42.85, 30.40, P <0.01). The scores of parental control and peer relationship were positively correlated with the scores of aggressive behavior ( r=0.22, 0.47, P <0.01). Peer relationship partially mediate the relationship between parental control and aggressive behavior, with a partial mediation effect value of 0.04, accounting for 26.39% of the total effect of parental control on aggressive behavior. Conclusions High parental control and poor peer relationship are both positively correlated with the level of aggressive behavior. The peer relationship of teenagers should be improved by establishing appropriate parenting style, tackling campus violence, and maintaining good social norms, in order to reduce the occurrence of aggressive behavior among adolescents.

The febrile respiratory disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become the focus of global attention. Up to now, the infection has been continuing to spread all over the world and it is urgent to develop specific drugs for SARS-CoV-2. Finding effective and safe drugs which are already available in the market for treating coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is one of the main strategies to solve the problem in time. As quinoline alkaloids against malaria, chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine have been proved to have the anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity. Quinoline alkaloids are expected to be important drugs for the treatment of COVID-19. In this article, the research and application of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are reviewed from the aspects of pharmacokinetics, drug interaction, clinical research progress, treatment plan optimization and resolution of optical enantiomers. The possible problems are summarized in order to provide reference for further research and clinical application of quinoline alkaloids in the treatment of COVID-19.