Nodular fasciitis is a pseudosarcomatous reactive process composed of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, and it is most common in the upper extremities. Nodular fasciitis of the external auditory canal is rare. To the best of our knowledge, less than 20 cases have been reported to date. We present a case of nodular fasciitis arising in the cartilaginous part of the external auditory canal. A 19-year-old man complained of an auricular mass with pruritus. Computed tomography showed a 1.7 cm sized soft tissue mass in the right external auditory canal, and total excision was performed. Histologic examination revealed spindle or stellate cells proliferation in a fascicular and storiform pattern. Lymphoid cells and erythrocytes were intermixed with tumor cells. The stroma was myxoid to hyalinized with a few microcysts. The tumor cells were immunoreactive for smooth muscle actin, but not for desmin, caldesmon, CD34, S-100, anaplastic lymphoma kinase, and cytokeratin. The patient has been doing well during the 1 year follow-up period.
Actins ; Calmodulin-Binding Proteins ; Desmin ; Ear ; Ear Canal* ; Erythrocytes ; Fasciitis* ; Fibroblasts ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hyalin ; Keratins ; Lymphocytes ; Lymphoma ; Muscle, Smooth ; Myofibroblasts ; Phosphotransferases ; Pruritus ; Upper Extremity ; Young Adult

The National Health Information Portal (http://health.mw.go.kr), a collaborative project by the Ministry of Health and Welfare and the Korean Academy of Medical Sciences, was officially launched in January 2011. In the modern society, the internet and smart phones have been flooded with health information, in addition to the information available through traditional media such as newspapers, television, and radio broadcasting. The Korean Medical Association and the Korean Academy of Medical Sciences have expanded their work in several directions, including a monitoring project to correct wrong health information that is commonly used. Nevertheless, they are confronted with the fundamental problem that they are unable to keep up with the speed of production and diffusion of health information in modern society. This initiative of the National Health Information Portal led by the Ministry of Health and Welfare and the Korean Academy of Medical Sciences is significant in that anyone with internet access can easily find proven health information. Unlike existing health information, the National Health Information Portal is structured to help improve understanding by presenting a variety of materials, such as cartoons, pictures, photos, and videos, as compared to simple documents or texts. In addition, it is constructed with a feedback system so that the consumer of the health information can directly and easily access specific content. Furthermore, the National Health Information Portal continues to strive to provide practical contents with mobile services like smart phone applications. We expect the National Health Information Portal to make a contribution to the prevention and treatment of disease by reducing unnecessary medical expenditures, and providing quality health information to society.
Diffusion ; Health Expenditures ; Internet ; Periodicals ; Television

Autophagy is necessary for the degradation of long-lasting proteins and nonfunctional organelles, and is activated to promote cellular survival. However, overactivation of autophagy may deplete essential molecules and organelles responsible for cellular survival. Lifelong calorie restriction by 40% has been shown to increase the cardiac expression of autophagic markers, which suggests that it may have a cardioprotective effect by decreasing oxidative damage brought on by aging and cardiovascular diseases. Although cardiac autophagy is critical to regulating protein quality and maintaining cellular function and survival, increased or excessive autophagy may have deleterious effects on the heart under some circumstances, including pressure overload-induced heart failure. The importance of autophagy has been shown in nutrient supply and preservation of energy in times of limitation, such as ischemia. Some studies have suggested that a transition from obesity to metabolic syndrome may involve progressive changes in myocardial inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, fibrosis, apoptosis, and myocardial autophagy.
Aging ; Apoptosis ; Autophagy ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Fibrosis ; Heart ; Heart Failure ; Inflammation ; Ischemia ; Nutritional Status ; Obesity ; Organelles ; Proteins ; Starvation

Although several findings of historical writings have been made, the exact role of the thyroid was not known in the ancient times. From the middle of the nineteenth century, the anatomy and the physiological role of the thyroid were gradually elucidated, and diagnostic and therapeutic modalities were developed. It has been 100 years since Theodor Kocher was awarded the Nobel Prize for his work in pathophysiology and surgery of the thyroid. Fifty years have passed since radioactive iodine was first used for the diagnosis and the treatment of hyperthyroidism in Korea. Today, thyroid cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancy in Korean women. However, the detailed history of the thyroid disease has not been introduced in Korea. The aim of this paper is to describe the historical perspectives of the thyroid disease, especially focusing on the development of the treatment. The common thyroid disease ere named after their discoverers, such as Graves and Hashimoto. It is meaningful to understand the historical background of the thyroid gland, because the important concepts in the area of endocrinology such as hormone replacement therapy, feedback mechanisms, and the use of isotopes were first established based on the research of the thyroid.
Female ; History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Thyroid Diseases/*history ; *Thyroid Gland/physiopathology/surgery ; Thyroid Neoplasms/history

Dyslipidemia dramatically increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases, necessitating appropriate treatment techniques. Generative AI (GenAI), an advanced AI technology that can generate diverse content by learning from vast datasets, provides promising new opportunities to address this challenge. GenAI-powered frequently asked questions systems and chatbots offer continuous, personalized support by addressing lifestyle modifications and medication adherence, which is crucial for patients with dyslipidemia. These tools also help to promote health literacy by making information more accessible and reliable.GenAI helps healthcare providers construct clinical case scenarios, training materials, and evaluation tools, which supports professional development and evidence-based practice.Multimodal GenAI technology analyzes food images and nutritional content to deliver personalized dietary recommendations tailored to each patient's condition, improving long-term nutritional management for those with dyslipidemia. Moreover, using GenAI for image generation enhances the visual quality of educational materials for both patients and professionals, allowing healthcare providers to create real-time, customized visual aids. To apply successfully, healthcare providers must develop GenAI-related abilities, such as prompt engineering and critical evaluation of GenAI-generated data.

Dyslipidemia dramatically increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases, necessitating appropriate treatment techniques. Generative AI (GenAI), an advanced AI technology that can generate diverse content by learning from vast datasets, provides promising new opportunities to address this challenge. GenAI-powered frequently asked questions systems and chatbots offer continuous, personalized support by addressing lifestyle modifications and medication adherence, which is crucial for patients with dyslipidemia. These tools also help to promote health literacy by making information more accessible and reliable.GenAI helps healthcare providers construct clinical case scenarios, training materials, and evaluation tools, which supports professional development and evidence-based practice.Multimodal GenAI technology analyzes food images and nutritional content to deliver personalized dietary recommendations tailored to each patient's condition, improving long-term nutritional management for those with dyslipidemia. Moreover, using GenAI for image generation enhances the visual quality of educational materials for both patients and professionals, allowing healthcare providers to create real-time, customized visual aids. To apply successfully, healthcare providers must develop GenAI-related abilities, such as prompt engineering and critical evaluation of GenAI-generated data.

Dyslipidemia dramatically increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases, necessitating appropriate treatment techniques. Generative AI (GenAI), an advanced AI technology that can generate diverse content by learning from vast datasets, provides promising new opportunities to address this challenge. GenAI-powered frequently asked questions systems and chatbots offer continuous, personalized support by addressing lifestyle modifications and medication adherence, which is crucial for patients with dyslipidemia. These tools also help to promote health literacy by making information more accessible and reliable.GenAI helps healthcare providers construct clinical case scenarios, training materials, and evaluation tools, which supports professional development and evidence-based practice.Multimodal GenAI technology analyzes food images and nutritional content to deliver personalized dietary recommendations tailored to each patient's condition, improving long-term nutritional management for those with dyslipidemia. Moreover, using GenAI for image generation enhances the visual quality of educational materials for both patients and professionals, allowing healthcare providers to create real-time, customized visual aids. To apply successfully, healthcare providers must develop GenAI-related abilities, such as prompt engineering and critical evaluation of GenAI-generated data.

Dyslipidemia dramatically increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases, necessitating appropriate treatment techniques. Generative AI (GenAI), an advanced AI technology that can generate diverse content by learning from vast datasets, provides promising new opportunities to address this challenge. GenAI-powered frequently asked questions systems and chatbots offer continuous, personalized support by addressing lifestyle modifications and medication adherence, which is crucial for patients with dyslipidemia. These tools also help to promote health literacy by making information more accessible and reliable.GenAI helps healthcare providers construct clinical case scenarios, training materials, and evaluation tools, which supports professional development and evidence-based practice.Multimodal GenAI technology analyzes food images and nutritional content to deliver personalized dietary recommendations tailored to each patient's condition, improving long-term nutritional management for those with dyslipidemia. Moreover, using GenAI for image generation enhances the visual quality of educational materials for both patients and professionals, allowing healthcare providers to create real-time, customized visual aids. To apply successfully, healthcare providers must develop GenAI-related abilities, such as prompt engineering and critical evaluation of GenAI-generated data.

Wernicke's encephalopathy is a serious neurological disorder caused by thiamine deficiency that is characterized by the triad of ocular abnormalities, ataxia, and global confusional state. It is most often seen in alcoholics, but it can be seen in disorders associated with malnutrition and with prolonged intravenous feeding without appropriate vitamin supplementation. We report the case of a 51-year-old man with acute alcoholic pancreatitis and chronic alcoholism with an intraperitoneal abscess, who presented with Wernicke's encephalopathy. He was initially treated by fasting, intravenous fluid replacement, and intermittent vitamin infusion for 3 weeks. After subsequently starting a high carbohydrate oral diet, the patient developed diplopia, orientation disturbance, ataxia, a confusional state, and nystagmus. His neurologic signs and symptoms normalized gradually after intravenous thiamine supplementation.
Abscess ; Alcoholics ; Alcoholism ; Ataxia ; Diet ; Diplopia ; Fasting ; Humans ; Malnutrition ; Middle Aged ; Nervous System Diseases ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Orientation ; Pancreatitis, Alcoholic ; Parenteral Nutrition ; Thiamine ; Thiamine Deficiency ; Vitamins ; Wernicke Encephalopathy

OBJECTIVE: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPAR-delta) is an ubiquitously expressed nuclear receptor that has been implicated in adipose tissue formation, brain development, and atherosclerosis. Despite mouse studies demonstrating that PPAR-delta activation has favorable anti-atherogenic properties by improving systemic lipid profiles, the relationship between PPAR-delta agonist and angiogenesis is unknown. We hypothesized that PPAR-delta ligands modulate the angiogenesis. METHODS: To test this hypothesis we treated primary cultures of bovine aortic endothelial cells with PPAR-delta specific ligand, GW501516 (50-800 nM) for 6 h. RESULTS: GW501516 dose-dependently decreased nitric oxide production without alteration in endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression. Analysis with phospho-specific antibodies against eNOS demonstrated that GW501516 significantly decreased the phosphorylation of eNOS at Serine1179 (eNOS-Ser1179). Concurrently, GW501516 also decreased the Akt phosphorylation. GW501516 did not affect endothelial cell proliferation or induce apoptosis. However, GW501516 inhibited endothelial cell migration, and tube formation in a high nanomolar concentration. The inhibition of endothelial cell tube formation by GW501516 was prevented by addition of the nitric oxide donor, DETA NONOate (5 microM). GW501516 was also found to inhibit angiogenesis in vivo in the chicken chorioallantoic membrane assay. CONCLUSION: These results provide that high nanomolar range of GW501516 inhibits angiogenesis by a mechanism involving dephosphorylation of eNOS-Ser1179.
Adipose Tissue ; Animals ; Antibodies, Phospho-Specific ; Apoptosis ; Atherosclerosis ; Brain ; Chickens ; Chorioallantoic Membrane ; DEET ; Endothelial Cells ; Humans ; Ligands ; Mice ; Nitric Oxide ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III ; Nitroso Compounds ; Peroxisomes ; Phosphorylation ; PPAR delta ; Thiazoles ; Tissue Donors