Objective To investigate the clinical and pathological characteristics between types 1 and 2 endometrial uterine cancers.Methods The clinical materials of 9 437 patients with uterine cancer were collected with retrospective analysis from 62 hospitals during 2000 to 2010.Results The mean age of type 1 endometrial cancers was less than type 2.There were more young patients in type 1 endometrial cancers.The mean menopause age of type 2 endometrial cancers was greater than type 1.The mean age of menarche,obesity,diabetes,hypertension,infertility,and nulliparous were not significant differences between types 1 and 2 endometrial cancers.There were more patients with advanced tumor,deep myometrium invasion,estrogen receptor (ERs) negative,progesterone receptor (PR) negative,P53 positive,lymph vascular space involvement,cervical stromal invasion,adnexal metastasis,and lymph node metastasis in type 2 endometrial cancers.Conclusions Type 2 endometrial uterine cancers occurred in elder people with more pathological risk factors and more malignant biological activities.

Objective:To study the instant and short term effects of diagnostic ultrasound on ultrastructure and hydrogen peroxide cytochemistry of human villi. Methods: Fifteen healthy women with gestational ages of 6 to 8 weeks were divided into 4 groups. Group A( n =3),B( n =4),C( n =4) and D( n =4) were exposured to diagnostic ultrasound for 0,10,20 and 20 min respectively. In group A, B, and C, the villi were taken out immediately after ultrasound exposure and were studied. In group D, the villi were taken out 3 d after ultrasound exposure. Results: The results showed that there were changes only in group C. Enlargement of endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial intracristal space were observed in syntrophoblast cells. In group A, B, and D, there were no evident abnormality. Conclusion: The conventional acoustic exposure of diagnostic ultrasound is safe for human villi.

The types of the voltage-dependent calcium channels (VDCCs) in human ejaculatory sperm and the effects of calcium channel blocker (CCB) on human sperm motility parameters in vitro were investigated. The human sperm motility parameters in vitro in response to the pharmacological agents nifedipine (NIF, inhibitor of L-type VDCC) and co-conotoxin (GVIA, inhibitor of N-type VDCC) were compared and analyzed statistically. The results showed that NIF (1, 5, 10 micromol/L) could not only significantly affect human sperm's shape but also spermatozoa motility after incubated at least 10 min in vitro (P<0.001). GVIA (0.1, 0.5 and 1 micromol/L) could just only significantly affect human sperm's progressive motility (a %+b %) after incubated for 20 min in vitro (P<0.01), but they both could not significantly affect spermic abnormality rate. It is suggested that L-type VDCC, non L-type VDCCs and isoform of L-type VDCC exist in the cell membrane of human sperm solely or together, and they participate in the spermic physiological processes especially the spermic motility.

In order to compare the effects of several experimental renal calcium oxalate stones formation models in rats and to find a simple and convenient model with significant effect of calcium oxalate crystals deposition in the kidney, several rat models of renal calcium oxalate stones formation were induced by some crystal-inducing drugs (CID) including ethylene glycol (EG), ammonium chloride (AC), vitamin D(3)[1alpha(OH)VitD(3), alfacalcidol], calcium gluconate, ammonium oxalate, gentamicin sulfate, L-hydroxyproline. The rats were fed with drugs given singly or unitedly. At the end of experiment, 24-h urines were collected and the serum creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), the extents of calcium oxalate crystal deposition in the renal tissue, urinary calcium and oxalate excretion were measured. The serum Cr levels in the stone-forming groups were significantly higher than those in the control group except for the group EG+L-hydroxyproline, group calcium gluconate and group oxalate. Blood BUN concentration was significantly higher in rats fed with CID than that in control group except for group EG+L-hydroxyproline and group ammonium oxalate plus calcium gluconate. In the group of rats administered with EG plus Vitamin D(3), the deposition of calcium oxalate crystal in the renal tissue and urinary calcium excretion were significantly greater than other model groups. The effect of the model induced by EG plus AC was similar to that in the group induced by EG plus Vitamin D(3). EG plus Vitamin D(3) or EG plus AC could stably and significantly induced the rat model of renal calcium oxalate stones formation.

A method was developed for the determination of sodium caprylate in human serum albumin by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography(RP-HPLC) after pre-column derivatization. The caprylic acid, extracted from human serum albumin by hexane, was treated with ω-bromoacetophenone and 18-crown-6 for 30 min at 50 ℃, and analyzed on a Nova-Park C_(18)(150 mm×3.9 mm, 4 μm) column with methanol-water(75∶ 25, V/V) as the mobile phase. The internal standard was enanthic acid, the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min and the detection wavelength was 262 nm. The extraction yield of caprylic acid was 97.9% and that of enanthic acid was 98.2%. The linear range of sodium caprylate was 9.00×10~(-4)-1.44×10~(-2) mol/L(r=0.9995). The average recovery of caprylic acid was 99.7%, RSD was less than 0.9%. The present method is reliable and relatively simple and can be used for the determination of sodium caprylate in human serum albumin.

Objective To investigate the effects of continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF) on plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS),interleukin(IL) 1β,IL-4,high mobility group box 1 (HMGB-1) in multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) dogs,to explore the therapeutic mechnism of CVVHDF.Methods Dogs were subjected to hemorrhagic shock plus resuscitation and endotoxemia to establish MODS model,then they were randomly divided into 2 groups:CVVHDF group (n=6) and MODS group (n=6).After endotoxin injection completed,the CVVHDF group received CVVHDF treatment for 24 h; MODS group did not receive CVVHDF treatment.The LPS,IL-1β,IL-4,HMGB-1 levels in plasma and ultrafiltrate were measured at different time points(before operation,before intravenous infusion of endotoxin,0 h,3 h,6 h,9 h,12 h,18 h,24 h after intravenous infusion completion of endotoxin),then the sieving coefficient (SC) was calculated.Results Compared with MODS group,the LPS,IL-1β,IL-4,HMGB-1 levels in plasma were significantly decreased in the CVVHDF group at 9 h,12 h,18 h,24 h (P ＜ 0.05).Some concentration of IL-1β,IL-4 and HMGB-1 was detected in the ultrafiltrate,the SC for IL-1β,IL-4 and HMGB-1 was 0.60±0.12,0.83±0.11,0.70±0.09 respectively,and LPS could not be detected in the ultrafiltrate,its SC was 0.After treatment,the damage level of lung and renal had been significantly reduced in CVVHDF group.Conclusion CVVHDF can effectively reduce the levels of pro-inflammatory mediator and anti-inflammatory cytokine related to MODS,cut off the vicious circle of cytokine network and reduce the damage level of organism in the treatment of MODS.

Objective To study the incidence, character and related risk factors of post trauma stress disorders (PTSD) after road traffic accidents. Methods Inpatients after road traffic accidents from January 2001 to January 2005 were surveyed with self-made questionnaire. The incidence, clinical symptoms and related factors of PTSD were analyzed. Results 156 cases (7.53％) were diagnosed as PTSD among all subjects and their major clinical manifestation including difficulty of falling or staying asleep, compulsion of re-experience traumatic process and excessive startled reactions. The related factors of PTSD including the personality, the degree of education, family harmony and compensation. Conclusion PTSD is common in patients injured in road traffic accidents. Early psychological intervention for susceptible may be needed.

To investigate the exon mutation of vitamin K-dependent gamma-glutamyl carboxylase (GGCX or VKDC) in patients with calcium oxalate urolithasis, renal cortex and peripheral blood samples were obtained from severe hydronephrosis patients (with or without calculi), and renal tumor patients undergoing nephrectomy. GGCX mutations in all 15 exons were examined in 44 patients with calcium oxalate urolithiasis (COU) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and denatured high pressure liquid chromatography (DHPLC), and confirmed by sequencing. Mutation was not found in all COU samples compared to the controls. These data demonstrated that functional GGCX mutations in all 15 exons do not occur in most COU patients. It was suggested that there may be no significant association between the low activity and mutation of GGCX in COU.

Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) in bladder is extremely rare. In this study, we reported one case of bladder SFT and reviewed the only ten cases of the disease that had been reported so far. The patient suffered from residual urine sensation and urethral pain. Cystoscopy revealed a 7-cm protruding mass at the dome of the bladder, and bladder mucosa biopsy showed normal differentiation of the bladder mucosa with a small amount of inflammatory cells. Radical resection of the tumor was performed in this patient. Pathological examination found uniform, haphazardly arranged spindle cells, the majority of which were CD34-positive and Vimentin-positive and proved that the mass was a solitary fibrous tumor. Within a period of 9 months of follow-up, no reoccurrence was found.

To investigate the role of ligustrazine on relaxation of the isolated rabbit corpus cavernosum tissue in vitro, the effects of ligustrazine on the corpus cavernosum were observed by using experimental method of smooth muscle strips. Concentration-responses to phenylephine (PE) and KCl were recorded. The results showed that ligustrazine concentration-dependently depressed the contraction response of smooth muscle strips induced by PE. The maximum percentage relaxation of cavernosal strips by ligustrazine was 74.1% +/- 6.2% (compared with control: 21.9% +/- 5.6%, P < 0.01). Ligustrazine concentration-dependently reduced the amplitude of the contraction induced by cumulative doses of PE or KCl, shifted the cumulative concentration response curves of PE and KCI to the right and depressed their maximal responses. It was concluded that ligustrazine could significantly relax the cavernosal muscle contraction induced by PE in vitro. The results suggested that ligustrazine inhibited calcium ion influx.
Calcium Channels/drug effects ; Muscle Contraction/*drug effects ; Muscle Relaxation/*drug effects ; Muscle, Smooth/*drug effects ; Muscle, Smooth/physiology ; Penis/*drug effects ; Penis/physiology ; Phenylephrine/pharmacology ; Potassium Chloride/pharmacology ; Pyrazines/*pharmacology