Death, Sudden, Cardiac ; Humans ; Reward

Objective:To prepare compound isosorbide mononitrate sustained-release capsules and study the drug release. Meth-ods:Isosorbide mononitrate pellets were prepared by the fluidized bed coating technology. The influencing factors in the preparation process were examined and the major factors were optimized by single factor experiments. The drug release was determined by HPLC. The best formula was screened by optimizing aspirin coating solution. Results:The compound isosorbide mononitrate sustained-release capsules were prepared by the best formula. Both the two drugs could achieve promising release, and in vitro release behavior of isosor-bide mononitrate was fitted Higuchi equation,which was similar to that of the imported preparations. The release of aspirin in acidic and alkaline media was in coincidence with the release requirements. Conclusion:The formula is reasonable and the preparation process is stable with promising sustained release property.

0 05) 3 hours after myocardial infarction,and remarkably decreased (P

Objective Mapping the sites of earliest activation in AF patients with rheumatic heart disease. Finding out the ratio of AF originate from the pulmonary veins. Methods There were 9 patients with valvular atrial fibrillation (1 male, 8 females age (42?13) years, histories of rheumatic heart disease (11?9) years, and mitral valve area 1.01?0.02 cm2) involved in the research. 3 patients had organized thrombus in left atrial appendage. 6 patients with persistent AF received anticoagulation therapy (warfarin 2 or 3 weeks) and drug cardioversion (amiodarone 400 mg, three times per day, for 7 days) before procedures, while other 3 patients with paroxysmal AF received neither anticoagulation therapy nor drug cardioversion. All patients received percutaneous balloon mitral valvotomy (PBMV). After finished PBMV, four multipolar electrode catheters were placed in the high right atrium (HRA), coronary sinus (CS), left atrium (LA) and pulmonary veins (PVs). S1S2 and S1S2S3 programmed stimuli were delivered in HRA, CS, LA and PVs respectively. For the patients who failed to induce AF, burst stimuli were used. Results 11 AF generating sites, which induced by S1S2 and S1S2S3 programmed stimuli, could be confirmed by identification of the earliest regions of atrial activation for the first AF cycle. However, 1 AF obtained by 260 ms RR interval burst stimuli, affirmed by shortest activation cycle length. All confirmed 12 AF original sites were original as following: RA (n=4), LA (n=1), CS (n=2); PVs (n=5). Among the 5 PVs original sites, 3 was from left superior pulmonary vein, while the other 2 were from right superior pulmonary vein and left inferior pulmonary respectively. Conclusion PVs could be the ectopic origin of valvular AF.

Objective To inquire into the effects of cardiac ? 1 -adrenergic receptor on myocardial remodeling and modulating calcium channel. Methods The models of myocardial remodeling after myocardial infarction in Wistar rats were used to study the expression changes of cardiac collagen subtype Ⅰ,Ⅲ,fibronectin (FN) with immunohistochemistry,and changes of T-type calcium channel,L-type calcium channel and ? 1 -adrenergic receptor mRNA expressions by reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) and in situ hybridization. Cardiac total Ca 2+ was tested by atomic absorption/flame emission spectrophotometer. Results Cardiac collagenⅠ,collagen Ⅲ,FN protein expressions in betaloc group were remarkably decreased (P

Objective To inquire into the correlation of cardiac AT 1 receptor,? 1 receptor with PKC/MAPKs(protein kinase C/mitogen-activated protein kinase) signal transduction pathway during myocardial remodeling.Methods Twenty-four Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups-sham group,infarcted group,losartan group and betaloc group.Except sham group,left anterior descending coronary artery was ligated for 21 days.In the other three groups,expression changes of cardiac collagen subtype Ⅰ,Ⅲ,fibronectin(FN),c-fos,ERK 1 (extracellular signal-regulated kinase,ERK)and PKC proteins were studied with immunohistochemistry and computer image analysis. c-fos mRNA expression was tested by reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results Expressions of collagen Ⅰ,collagen Ⅲ , FN,c-fos,ERK 1 and PKC proteins were significantly enhanced(P

Objective To study the methods of the Chinese New Year (CNY) Factor's Adjustment based on the ARIMA models. Methods First, a common regressor for CNY was created. Then, the re-gressor was included in the seasonal ARIMA regressive model(regARIMA or TRAMO) ,AIC or BIC was used for model selection,and the generalized least squares method or maximum likelihood method was used for the earl-mation of model parameter. The estimated regressive coefficient was used for analyzing the degree of the CNY factor. A case was analyzed with the adjustment methods. Results The analysis on the case showed that the methods of the CNY factor's adjustment could remove the effects of the CNY factor on the time series, and the degree of the effects could be esti-mated in quantity. Conclusion The regressor for CNY is applicable,and the methods of the CNY factor's adjustment based on the ARIMA models can be used in seasonal adjustment on the time series. It's a new approach to analyze the effects of the CNY factor.

Objective\ To evaluate the efficacy of atrial lead implantation during atrial fibrillation.Methods\ In 10 patients(group A),the atrial leads were implanted during atrial fibrillation and the sensing and pacing parameters before and after restoring to sinus rhythm were compared with the parameters of patients whose atrial leads were implanted during sinus rhythm (group B).Results\ During follow-up,the sensing and pacing parameters were measured,and there were no significant difference between group A and B.In group A,mean atrial potential amplitude during atrial fibrillation was correlated with the telemetered atrial potential amplitude during sinus rhythm.Conclusion\ Atrial lead implantation during atrial fibrillation is feasible.

Objective Accelerated junctional rhythm (AJR) always occur during slow pathway catheter ablation for atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT), the clinical significance of it has not been gotten in agreement. The aim of this study is to search for an association between AJR and ablation target site or tachycardia recurrence.Methods The data of 247 patients with AVNRT who received radiofrequency ablation procedure during April 1995 to October 1999 was analyzed. All these people were divided into two groups (212 patients in the successful ablation group or group 1, 35 patients in the recurrence group or group 2). The AJR was divided into two distinct pattern:type Ⅰ(continuous AJR that persisted until the end of energy delivery) and type Ⅱ (intermit AJR alternated with sinus rhythm during slow pathway ablation, which was eliminated immediately when stopping energy delivery ). Results\ The results showed that patients in group 1 exhibited better AJR response, most of them were seen with type Ⅱ AJR. However most of the people in group 2 had no AJR response throughout energy delivery , few of them had type Ⅰ AJR response. The AJR response of group 1 started relatively earlier than that of group 2(3 2?1 8 vs 5 7?2 5 ,P

Objective The aim of our study is to differentiate left atrial from right atrial tachycardia on the basis of P wave configuration during focal atrial tachycardia (AT).Methods Thirty-three patients with focal atrial tachycardia who had undergone successful radiofrequency catheter ablation were considered for inclusion in the study . Site of origin was the left atrium in 10 patients, and right atrium in 23 patients . The surface 12-lead ECG recordings during atrial tachycardia were reviewed in all patients. We analyzed the correlativity between P wave configuration and left atrial tachycardia.Results The specificity of negative P wave in lead I and aVL that indentifed a left atrial focus was 100% and 95% respectively, but the sensitivity was only 30% and 50% respectively. The specificity and sensitivity of positive P wave in V 1 that predicted a left atrial focus was 87% and 80%,respectively.Conclusion It is possible to predict the site of origin of focal atrial tachycardia by analyzing its P wave configuration,,and may be helpful for preparation before ablation.