BACKGROUND:In recent years, many drugs emerge to control tooth movement, and scholars in China begin to investigate Chinese herbs with moderate nature and smal adverse reaction.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the relapse after orthodontic tooth movement, osteoprotegerin and osteoclast differentiation factor expression in periodontal tissue after rats were treated with local tanshinone type IIA at different doses.
METHODS:A total of 48 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups:control, low dose (tanshinone type IIA 0.36 mg/d), medium dose (tanshinone type IIA 0.72 mg/d), and high dose (tanshinone type IIA 1.44 mg/d) groups. Taking anterior teeth as the anchorage, the maxil ary first molar of rats was tracted to mesial movement. In experimental groups, gingival mucosa of the first molar was local injected with tanshinone type IIA 1 day
before the force device was removed, while control group was injected with physiological saline, once a day, for 4 weeks. Immediately, 1 week, and 4 weeks after the force device was removed, the distance between the maxil ary first molar and second molar was measured and body mass was weighted. The animals were kil ed after 4 weeks, osteoprotegerin and osteoclast differentiation factor expression in maxil ary first molar and periodontal tissue were determined using immunohistochemical staining.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There was no obvious change in the body weight of rats in each group (P>0.05). In low, medium and high dose groups, recurrent distance of the teeth was shorter than that in control group (P<0.05), and recurrence percentage was significantly lower than control group (P<0.05). The greater the dose was, the
smal er the degree of recurrence was. Osteoprotegerin expression in the periodontal tissue was significantly higher in the experimental groups than the control group (P<0.05), while osteoclast differentiation factor expression was significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05). The ratio of osteoprotegerin/osteoclast differentiation factor in the periodontal tissue was greater than 1 in both control group and experimental groups, and reached the peak in the high dose group. Local delivery of tanshinone type IIA has no impact on body weight of normal rats, and can effectively control the recurrence rate after orthodontic tooth movement. Within a certain range, high dose achieves the most obvious effect. Regulating osteoclast through adjusting the ratio of osteoprotegerin/osteoclast differentiation factor could be the molecular mechanism of tanshinone type IIA accelerating the periodontal tissue rebuilding.

Objective To observe the difference of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) between diabetic and non-diabetic patients with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD),and to explore whether it was associated with duration of hemodialysis.Methods A total of 120 patients with MHD were divided into diabetic group (40 cases) and non-diabetic group (80 cases) according to the primary disease.The blood samples from the patients before dialysis were selected to test the serum VEGF and plasma MPO and other indicators.The blood samples from April 2012 to March 2013 were labeled diabetic group 1(40 cases) and non-diabetic group 1 (80 cases).The blood samples from April 2013 to March 2014 were labeled diabetic group 2 (40 cases) and non-diabetic group 2 (80 cases).Results The serum VEGF and plasma MPO levels were (74.63 ± 47.43) ng/L,(300.63 ± 235.37) μ g/L in diabetic group 1,and (63.69 ± 43.23) ng/L,(275.35 ± 216.32) μ g/L in non-diabetic group 1,and there were significant differences between two groups (P ＜ 0.05).The serum VEGF and plasma MPO levels were (83.32 ± 40.38) ng/L,(414.12 ±265.52) μg/L in diabetic group 2,and (70.89 ±39.74) rig/L,(289.45 ±202.85) μg/L in non-diabetic group 2,and there were significant differences between two groups (P ＜ 0.05).The correlation analysis showed that VEGF was positively correlated with MPO in diabetic group 1 and diabetic group 2 (r =0.632 and 0.763,P ＜ 0.05),and VEGF was positively correlated with MPO in non-diabetic group 1 and non-diabetic group 2 (r =0.610 and 0.713,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Compared with those in non-diabetic MHD patients,VEGF and MPO levels are significandy higher in diabetic MHD patients.In non-diabetic MHD patients and diabetic MHD patients,VEGF and MPO levels will rise gradually with duration of hemodialysis.The expressions of VEGF and MPO are associated with each other.

BACKGROUND:Various studies confirm that smoking can contribute to the resorption of periodontal alveolar bone.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of smoking in alveolar bone resorption of periodontitis rat models.
METHODS:A total of 24 rats were randomly divided into three groups. Normal group:rats were normal y fed without any other pre-treatment;Control group:experimental periodontitis model was established using wire ligation method in rats;Experimental group:rat models were given passive smoking during experimental
modeling period. Al rats were sacrificed after 8 weeks of modeling, periodontal tissue were removed. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used for examining pathological changes in periodontal tissue, and immunohistochemical analysis was done for observing receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand and osteoprotegrin expression.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After 8 weeks of modeling, expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand factor was significantly higher in alveolar bone of rats from experimental group in comparison to control group (P<0.05), whereas expression of osteoprotegerin in alveolar bone was significantly greater in rats from control group when compared to experimental group (P<0.05). This finding suggests that smoking can increase the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand protein and reduce osteoprotegrin expression in periodontal rats, thus increasing the resorption of periodontal alveolar bone.

Abstract BACKGROUND: Many cytokines can be detected in saliva and serum, and have more clinical significance in the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of oral mucosa disease. OBJECTIVE: To compare the interferon-γ and interleukin-10 levels in serum and saliva of patients with different types of oral lichen planus and to explore the feasibility of saliva samples as a substitute of blood samples to study the interferon-γ and interleukin-10 levels in serum and saliva. METHODS:Totaly 45 patients with oral lichen planus admitted at the Department of Periodontology, the Stomatological Hospital of Jiamusi University from January to July 2014 were enroled, including 15 cases of erosion type (erosion group), 15 cases of congestive erythema (congestive erythema group) and 15 cases of reticulate type (reticulate group). Another 15 healthy controls admitted for physical examination at the Department of Physical Examination, the Stomatological Hospital of Jiamusi University were enroled as controls. ELISA method was used to detect the interferon-γ and interleukin-10 levels in serum and saliva in the four groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the control group, the interferon-γ levels in serum and saliva were lower in the other three groups (P < 0.01), while there were significant differences in the interferon-γ level among the patients with different types of oral lichen planus (P < 0.01). The interleukin-10 levels in serum and saliva were significantly higher in the erosion group and congestive erythema group than those in the control group (P < 0.01 orP < 0.05) and reticulate groupP < 0.01 orP < 0.05). Experimental findings suggest that the levels of interferon-γ and interleukin-10 in serum and saliva are highly correlated in patients with different types of oral lichen planus, and saliva samples can be instead of blood samples to detect the levels of interferon-γ and interleukin-10 in patients with oral lichen planus.

Objective To study the effects of alternating magnetic field with different intensities on the proliferation of human squa-mous tongue cancer cells in vitro. Methods Viable cells with the OD value cell and flow cytometry were revealed through MTT assay to evaluate the proliferation and apeptosis and cell cycle respectively after the cells were exposed to electromagnetic fields of different intensity (5mT,8mT,11mT) once per day lasting 1 hour for 3 days. The sham -exposure controls were correspondingly established. Results We compared the electromagnetic field groups with the normal groups by MTT assay after 24,48,72 hours. By analyzing the data in SPSS sta-tistical software , we found that the OD value of electromagnetic field groups was significantly less than that of the control groups (P <0.01) . The rates of apoptosis cells by flow cytometry revealed that EMF groups had no change as compared with control groups. But the cell cycle displayed significant chang at 0.5rot. Conclusion The cells displayed significant changes with obvious Tca8113 cell prolifera-tion inhibition and hold - up cell cycle after being exposed to alternating magnetic field of different intensity. But human squamous tongue cancer ceils could not be induced to apeptosis.

Objective To analyze the influence of donating kidney of marginal donors on the early prognosis of living-related kidney transplant recipients.Methods Sixty-six cases of living-re-lated kidney transplant patients between February 2004 and September 2007 were divided into the marginal donors group(28 cases)and non-marginal donors group(38 cases).Serum creatinine before and after surgery,creatinine clearance after surgery and perioperation complications were compared respectivelv between the 2 groups.Results The serum creatinine levels in the marginal donors group and non-marginal donors group were 154,131,127μmol/L and 132,117,118 ttmol/L on 7th day,1st month and 3rd month after transplantation respectively,and there were no significant differences between the 2 groups(P＞0.05).The serum creatinine level in parent-child donating kidney of the 2 groups Was 160,131,126μmol/L and 132,129,126μtmol/L on 7th day,1st month and 3rd month after transplantation respectively,and there were no significant differences too(P＞0.05).There was no difference in the rate of perioperation complications and creatinine clearance after kidney transplantation between the 2 groups.Conclusions The early prognosis of marginal donors'recipients is ideal.The marginal donors could be selected as the living-related kidney transplant donors,especially between parent and child,as long as they are evaluated according to stricter criteria.But the long-term prognosis of the recipients should be further observed.

Objective To investigate the status of invasive fungal infection(IFI)associated with hematopathy,and evaluate drug resistance and risk factors of fungal infection.Methods 1 246 cases of infection occurred in patients in a hospital from 2006 to 2010 were analyzed retrospectively,pathogenic features and risk factors of IFI were ana-lyzed.Results There were 281 cases of fungal infection,and 162 fungal isolates were isolated,the main infection site was respiratory tract(134 isolates,82.72%).Four major Candida were Candida albicans ,Candida tropicalis , Candida glabrata ,and Candida krusei ;in 2006-2009,the main fungi were Candida albicans ,while in 2010,the majority were non-Candida albicans .The resistant rates of four isolated Candida to fluconazole and itraconazole were 5.15% and 4.41 % respectively,6 isolated Candida krusei strains were all resistant to both fluconazole and itraconazole,voriconazole-resistant strain was not found.The independent risk factors for fungal infection were dia-betes and duration time of agranulocytosis>14 days.Conclusion The proportion of infection caused by non-Candi-da albicans increased obviously,fluconazole-and itraconazole-resistant non-Candida albicans strains have emerged, comprehensive measures should be adopted to prevent IFI actively and treat patients early.

Objective To study incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the acute phase and follow-up period after stroke, and to investigate risk factors of DVT. Methods This was a prospective study at multi-centers. Ultrasonography was used for detecting DVT on both lower extremities in all patients at 10-14 days after the onset of stroke. All patients were followed up for 6 months after discharge. The incidence of DVT was examined in the acute phase and in the follow-up period of stroke. A variety of patient and treatment related factors were compared between stroke patients with DVT and without DVT to identify DVT risk factors. Results The incidence of DVT in the acute period of stroke was 4. 49%. Among DVT patients, 51.6% patients presented clinical DVT symptoms. By multiple factors logistic regression analysis,age ( ≥70 years, OR = 1.63, 95% CI 1.08-2. 84), bedridden( OR =4. 85, 95% CI 2.65-9. 68 ), wells score ≥ 2 ( OR = 3.96, 95% CI 1.86-7. 86 ), lower limbs NIHSS score ≥ 3 ( OR = 4. 56, 95% CI 2. 07-8. 85 ), high D-dimer ( OR = 3.45, 95% CI 2. 01-8. 52 ), low BI scores ( OR = 2. 98, 95% CI 1.52-6. 47 ), rehabilitation therapy ( OR = 1.82, 95% CI 1.22-3.43 ) and anticoagulant therapy ( OR =1.91,95% CI 1. 34-4. 92 ) were independent risk factors of DVT in the acute phase of stroke. Among them, the rehabilitation therapy and anticoagulant therapy were protective factors. The incidence of DVT in the follow-up periods was 1. 51%. Age ( ≥ 70 years, OR = 1.82, 95% CI 1.21-3.98 ), bedridden after discharge( OR = 5. 12, 95% CI 2. 82-11.32), lower limbs NIHSS score ≥3 ( OR = 4. 25, 95% CI 2. 11-7. 87), low BI score( OR = 2. 18, 95% CI 1.18-6.23 )at the time of discharge and DVT in acute period (OR =3.81,95%CI 1.87-7.48)were independent risk factors of DVT in the follow-up period of stroke.Conclusions Stroke patients, particularly old-aged stroke patients, are a high-risk group of developing DVT. 48.4% DVT patients had no clinical DVT symptoms but were diagnosed only by ultrasonography.There are multiple independent risk factors of DVT after stroke. It is necessary to monitor and prevent DVT in the stroke patients with the risk factors. The rehabilitation therapy and anticoagulant therapy may decrease incidence of DVT.

Objective To evaluate a combination of open surgery and multiple interventional methods in the treatment of DVT of the lower extremities. Methods 521 cases (521 limbs,356 male and 165 female) were studied in this group. Age ranged from 16 to 86 years with the mean age of (46 ±9)years. All 521 cases with DVT were treated by Fogarty embolectomy catheter. Among them,348 cases underwent percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA), 135 cases received PTA and ultrasound ablation,stent-grafts were implanted in 108 cases. Results Based on angiography during operation, the obstructed iliofemoral vein received complete recanalization in 511 cases. Among them, the postoperative luminal diameter was more than 90% in 38 cases after Fogarty embolectomy, the average stenosis rate was reduced from 90% ±5% to 24% ±5% in 365 cases after PTA and stent-grafts were implanted in 108 cases with the stenosis rate still over 50% after PTA. Only partial recanalization was achieved in the entrance of common iliac vein to inferior vena cava in 10 cases. Of the 521 cases,472 cases were followed-up with mean time of (53 ± 26) months, ranging from 8 to 108 months and 462 cases reported satisfactory results with normal life,the unsuccessful 10 cases still felt swelling pain especially in erect position. Complications occurred in 33 cases. Conclusions Open surgery combining with multiple interventional methods is a safe and effective method in the treatment of DVT.

Objective To analyze diagnostic value of renal biopsy in living-related kidney transplantation and the influence of kidneys from marginal donors on the early prognosis of recipients. Methods According to donors age and risks of donors, 142 living-related kidney transplant recipients from February 2004 to July 2008 were divided into marginal donor group (51 cases) and non-marginal donor group (91 cases). Renal biopsy was performed on 49 kidneys Postsurgical serum creatinine (Scr), the lowest Scr and post-transplant complications were analyzed between the two groups. Results Pathological changes were detected in 13 cases. The Scr at 4 weeks, 12 weeks, 6 months post-transplant and the lowest level of Scr in marginal donor group were higher than those in non-marginal donor group (all P<0.05). There were no significant differences of Scr levels at 12 months, 24 months, 36 months post-transplant, the time required to return to the lowest Scr, and post-transplant complications between two groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions The early clinical efficacy of the marginal donor is ideal, but the baseline of Scr of recipients is higher than that of recipients with kidneys from non-marginal donors. Renal biopsy has an important diagnostic and therapeutic value for both donors and recipients.