EGFR-TKI plays an important role in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer. However, some researchers find that there are still some patients with primary or acquired resistance to EGFR-TKI. The present known mechanisms of acquired drug resistance finally lead to the re-activation EGFR downstream signa-ling pathways. Liver X receptor agonist has inhibition function to several critical steps of EGFR downstream sig-naling pathways PI3K-Akt-NF-κB,which makes it possible to overcome the drug resistance.

Long non-coding RNA urothelial carcinoma associated 1 (UCA1) is initially discovered and named in bladder cancer tissue,which is highly expressed in multi types of tumor tissues,such as bladder cancer,ovarian cancer,lung cancer,suggesting that UCA1 acts as oncogene.UCA1 is confirmed to regulate tumor cell proliferation,apoptosis,invasion and migration,which plays an important role in the occurrence and development of cancers.UCA1 is expected to become a new biomarker for diagnosis,prognosis and drug susceptibility,which may be a promising therapeutic target of cancer.

Objective To explore the effect of acupoint injection of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)on hemodynamics of rat model with acute myocardial infarction(AMI). Methods Sixty Sprague-Dawley (SD)rats were randomly divided into sham group,model group,myocardium injection BMSCs group and acupoint injection BMSCs group(each n=15). The left anterior descending coronary artery(LAD)was ligated to establish a rat model of AMI. After the rat model was successfully established for 72 hours,0.2 ml BMSCs(1×1010/L)were transplanted by a micro-quantity syringe at 6 points in equal amount in the LAD blood-supply area and its periphery in the myocardial injection group,while in the acupoint injection group,0.3 ml BMSCs(1×1010/L)was transplanted at each of the following acupoints:Xinshu,Zhiyang and Tanzhong. Four weeks after AMI,polyethylene tubing was inserted into the right carotid artery to measure the hemodynamics,at the same time animals were sacrificed,and the heart was take out to calculate the heart mass index(HMI)and left ventricular mass index(LVMI). Results One, 3,5 and 4 rats were respectively dead in the sham group,model group,myocardium injection group,and acupoint injection group during the experimental period. Compared with the sham group,the left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP,mm Hg,1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa),the maximum rate of increase of left ventricular pressure(+dp/dt max, mm Hg/s), the maximum rate of decrease of left ventricular pressure(-dp/dt max,mm Hg/s), the maximum logarithmic change rate of left ventricular pressure〔(dp/dt)?P-1max,s-1〕,HMI(mg/g),LVMI were significantly decreased,and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure(LVEDP,mm Hg),heart rate(HR,bpm)were obviously increased in model group(all P<0.05). Compared with the model group,the LVSP,+dp/dt max,-dp/dt max, (dp/dt)?P-1max, HMI,LVMI were significantly increased in myocardial injection group and acupoint injection group〔LVSP:130.38±14.96,124.36±14.36 vs. 114.36±12.71,+dp/dt max:4707.52±394.36,4597.14±411.05 vs. 3791.43±327.29,-dp/dt max:4075.11±317.89,3938.05±373.76 vs. 3116.32±275.04,(dp/dt)?P-1max:215.26±21.29,197.39±18.96 vs. 155.93±25.14〕,and the LVEDP and HR were significantly decreased(LVEDP:5.15±2.39,5.64±1.96 vs. 10.58±2.49,HR:400.50±42.58,395.55±44.62 vs. 414.51±35.75,all P<0.05). There were no significant differences in above indexes between myocardium injection group and acupoint injection group. Conclusion Acupoint injection of BMSCs can improve the heart function of rat model with AMI.

BACKGROUND:The early damaged chondrocytes are susceptible to de-differentiate and exert unstable phenotype during the in vitro culture, thus needing some growth factors.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the promotion effect of insulin-like growth factor 1 on the in vitro proliferation of chondrocytes in adult rabbits with traumatic arthritis.
METHODS:Traumatic arthritis models of adult rabbits were established by using the modified Hulth method. After the models were successful y established, the distal femur and proximal tibia were harvested under sterile conditions, the chondrocytes were cultured. The cultured cells were divided into two groups:control group was cultured with Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium containing 10%fetal bovine serum, while experimental group was cultured with Dulbecco's modified Eagle’s medium containing 100μg/L insulin-like growth factor 1. The effect of insulin-like growth factor 1 on the proliferation of chondrocytes in adult rabbits with traumatic arthritis was determined through the cytomorphology, cellcounting, and cellactivity.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The chondrocytes in adult rabbits with traumatic arthritis were successful y cultured, the majority of cells were mini-cells, presenting smal fusiform, round or polygonal shape. Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that the number of cells in experimental group was higher than that in control group. MTT assay found that the absorbance of cells in experimental group was greater than that in control group (P<0.01). Our findings indicate that, insulin-like growth factor 1 can promote the in vitro proliferation of chondrocytes in adult rabbits with traumatic arthritis.

Objective To investigate the effect of atorvastatin on the expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in rabbit abdominal arterial atherosclerotic plaque. Methods Eighteen male New Zealand rabbits weighing 2 kg were randomized to normal control group (n=6) and hypercholesterolemia group (n=12). The latter was given hypercholesterol diet for 2 weeks, and then catheter-induced abdominal aortic wall injury was performed. Rabbits in hypercholesterolemia and aortic injury group were randomized to model group (n=6,4 weeks of hypercholesterol diet) and atorvastatin(5 mg?kg-1?d-1 for 4 weeks)group (n=6). Finally, the levels of MMP2 and MMP9 protein and mRNA in the abdominal aortic artery were measured by immunohistochemical analysis, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), sodium dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) zymography. Results The intimal-medial thickness[(0. 49?0. 072) mm vs (0.66?0.079) mm, P

Researches show that exosome can take park in the development and progression of breast cancer by means of mediating the intercellular communication,which can promote cancer metastasis and drug resistance,thus influencing the treatment effect of patients with cancers.Exosome is closely related with clinical stage and prognosis of breast cancer,which has a potential value in the early diagnosis and biological therapy of breast cancer and provides a new hope for the treatment of breast cancer.

Objective: To explore the effect and safety of pre-operative loading ticagrelor on myocardium reperfusion in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: A total of 105 acute STEMI patients received PCI within 12-hour of onset were studied and they were divided into 2 groups: Ticagrelor group, the patients received pre-operative oral chewing ticagrelor 180 mg,n=58 and Clopidogrel group, the patients received pre-operative oral chewing clopidogrel 600 mg,n=47. The baseline feathers, operative TIMI and corrected TIMI frame count (CTFC), TIMI myocardial perfusion grade (TMPG), no-relfow/slow lfow conditions were compared between 2 groups. Results: The baseline feathers and pre-operative TIMI were similar between 2 groups, bothP>0.05. Compared with Clopidogrel group, Ticagrelor group showed increased ratios of TIMI 3 lfow (94.8% vs 80.9%) and TMPG (89.7% vs 72.3%), bothP<0.05, improved CTFC (20.0 ± 4.9) vs (31.8 ± 3.9),P<0.001; decreased rates of no-relfow/slow lfow,P=0.016 and less MACE occurrence,P<0.05; while the post-operative bleeding events were similar between 2 groups,P>0.05. Conclusion: Prior PCI loading ticagrelor may reduce no-relfow/slow lfow incidence, improve myocardium reperfusion safely and therefore, decrease MACE occurrence in acute STEMI patients.

Objective: To investigate thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) and “Chimney” technique for treating the involved left common carotid artery (LCCA) or left subclavian artery (LSA) in Standford B patients with aortic lesion and in-sufficient proximal anchoring area. Meanwhile, to explore the relationship between endoleaking condition and the location of lesion with the prognosis. Methods: A total of 32 relevant patients treated by TEVAR + “Chimney” technique in our hospital from 2011-09 to 2015-07 were retrospectively analyzed. Immediate post-operative image development of LCCA or LSA was observed; cerebral complications, severe upper limb ischemic symptoms and endoleaking conditions were recorded. The patients were followed-up for (3-46) months. Results: Thoracic aortic stent-graft placement was successfully carried out in all 32 patients. Immediate post-operative image development of LCCAor LSAwas favorable, no cerebral complications and no severe upper limb ischemic symptoms were observed. There were 7 patients suffered from endoleak at aortic arch including 6 with the lesion located at the greater curvature side and 1 at the small curvature side. During follow-up period, aortic stent-graft remained in a stable condition and the blood flow in “Chimney” stent was unobstructed. Endoleking condition was gradually reduced and disappeared in 5 patients, it was persisted in 2 patients. Conclusion: “Chimney” technique may prolong anchoring area and keep LCCA or LSA unobstructed, therefore expand the indication of TEVAR in a mini-invasive, safe and effective way. When aortic lesion located at the greater curvature side, the endoleaking probability could be increased.

BACKGROUND:Now, the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel homing is thought to be mediated by adhesion molecules and chemokines, and this process involves bone marrow endothelial cel s, hematopoietic stem cel s, bone marrow microenvironment and its secreted or expressed molecules, in which, adhesion molecules may play an important role.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the migrating and chemotactic mechanism of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s via acupoint injection into myocardial cel s by determining the expression of vascular cel adhesion molecule-1 and very late antigen-4.
METHODS:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s were cultured using adherent method, and the passage 3 cel s were used as seed cel s at a density of 1×1010/L. Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham group, model group, myocardial injection group, and acupoint injection group, 15 rats in each group. The left coronary arteries of rats were ligated for establishing a model of myocardial infarction. At 72 hours after myocardial infarction, 0.3 mL bone mesenchymal stem cel s were transplanted into the Xinyu, Zhiyang, Tanzhong acupoints, respectively, in the acupoint injection group;while in the myocardial injection group, secondary thoracotomy was done, and 1.2 mL bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s were equably transplanted into six
sites in the feeding area of the left anterior descending artery and the surrounding myocardium. At 4 weeks after myocardial infarction, a multi-channel polygraph was adopted for detection of hemodynamic parameters, and the levels of serum vascular cel adhesion molecule-1 and very late antigen-4 were measured by ELISA.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The heart function of rats in the myocardial injection and acupoint injection groups were improved, and compared with the model group, the levels of serum vascular cel adhesion molecule-1 and very late antigen-4 were significantly higher in the myocardial injection and acupoint injection groups. However, there was no significant difference between the myocardial injection and acupoint injection groups. These findings suggest that vascular cel adhesion molecule-1 and very late antigen-4 may be one of the chemotactic mechanisms of bone mesenchymal stem cel s transplanted in myocardial infarction model rats by acupoint injection.

BACKGROUND:Restenosis after angioplasty severely limited the application and long-period therapeutic effects of percutaneous coronary intervention. Changes in smooth muscle cel phenotype and their proliferation are important mechanisms of restenosis after angioplasty.
OBJECTIVE:To use bal oon in vivo transduction of osteopontin short hairpin RNA (OPN-shRNA), to inhibit osteopontin expression at the injured blood vessels of a rabbit model of experimental atherosclerosis, and to prevent restenosis after angioplasty.
METHODS:A total of 20 rabbit models of atherosclerosis were established and randomly equal y assigned to empty plasmid group and OPN-shRNA plasmid group. The plasmid recombinant OPN-shRNA and empty plasmid were transferred to the ventral aorta by bal oon.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After bal oon dilatation, specific green fluorescence was detected in the layer of vascular smooth muscle in the two groups. Moreover, with prolonged time of transfection, fluorescence intensity gradual y decreased. Compared with the empty plasmid group, the expanded artery lumen area obviously increased in the OPN-shRNA plasmid group, and plaque burden evidently reduced. Results indicated that bal oon catheter used in regional blood vessels in rabbit models of atherosclerosis could successful y transduce OPN-shRNA plasmid. The restenosis of the expanded blood vessels lessened, and thrombus burden relieved. It is of great importance to prevent the occurrence of restenosis after angioplasty in rabbit models.