Compared to the conventional two-dimensional (2D) culture,in vitro three-dimensional cell culture (3DCC) can mimic the microenvironment more exactly.Compared to in vivo animal models,3DCC is less time-consuming and can be real-time recorded.Thus,3DCC fills the gap between 2D culture and animal models,which is used for oncologic research quickly.In 3DCC,the characteristics of cancer cells,such as morphology,the capability of invasion and migration and the resistance to chemo-radiotherapy,are quite different from those in 2D culture.The development of 3DCC technology provides a platform for oncology,organization engineering and gene or drug screening.

Objective To explore the mechanism of Suzijiangqi decoction to passage recombination of asthma model by studying the effect of Suzijiangqi decoction on passage recombination and the relation between it and the content of TNF and ET of asthma model. Methods Asthma model was established by OVA atomized and inhaled, the effect of Suzijiangqi decoction on the lung histomorphometric and the content of TNF and ET in serum or plasma/BALF of asthma model were observed. Results Suzijiangqi decoction obviously improved the lung histomorphometric and significantly inhibited the content of TNF and ET. Conclusion Suzijiangqi decoction can obviously control passage recombination. It is relate to inhibiting the content of TNF and ET in serum or plasma/BALF of asthma model.

Objective To investigate the roles of cystatin C (CysC) and serum creatinine (Scr) in acute renal injury of patients with shock. Method A total of 71 patients with shock, 42 male and 29 female, were enrolled from February 2006 to June 2007. Patients with kidney disease or renal insufficiency were excluded. All of patients were assigned to 4 groups as per the duration of shock. The blood samples were taken from patients for measurements of CysC and Scr during the periods of 1 hr,2 hr,and 4 hr of shock and 72 hr and 7 days after correction of shock. The corrected GFR (cGFR) and decreased GFR (dGFR) were calculated. The levels of Scr and dGFR could be used to classify the acute renal injury into stages according to the Acute Kidney Injury Diagnosis Criteria. The positive detection rates of different methods were compared. The levels of CysC, Scr and cGFR were statistically analyzed. Data were studied by using Pearson's correlation analysis, Results The elevation of CysC appeared sooner than that of Scr in all shock patients. Contrarily, the high level of CysC lowered to normal level much slower than that of SCR after correction of shock. The CysC increased 1 hour after shock. The GFR was negatively correlated with CysC and Scr, especially in the early stage of shock. Conclusions The renal dysfunction appears in the early stage of shock. The CysC assayed is more sensitive in the stage 1 of renal injury than Scr.

Objective To investigate the effets of three mood stabilizers on ouabain?induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation in astrocytes. Methods As?trocytes were treated with different agents and divided into different groups accordingly,namely,the control group with saline,the group with oua?bain,the group with mood stabilizers(lithium carbonate,carbamazepine,sodium valproate)and the group with ouabain+mood stabilizers. The phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in each group was analyzed by Western blot. Results Compared with saline and mood stabilizer groups,the phosphoryla?tion of ERK1/2 was increased in the ouabain group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in ERK1/2 phosphoryla?tion between the group with ouabain+mood stabilizers and the control or mood stabilizer group. Conclusion The three kinds of mood stabilizers can inhibit ouabain?induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation in astrocytes.

The ultrastructural characteristics of the mouse mammary adenocarcinoma cell line (MA782/5S-8102) have been studied by transmission electron microscope. The results show that the cells were irregular in the shape, with abundant microvilli on cell surface. The nucleus was abnormal in shape with the nuclear membrane sunk or swollen, the nucleus/cytoplasmic ratio (N/C) was high. There were many free ribosomes, abundant mitochondrias, dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum in the cytoplasm. Golgi apparatus, lysosomes and lipid droplets were present. Moreover, many cytoplasmic type-A particles and a few immatural type-B particles at the surface of the cell were observed.

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) of massive polycystic liver disease (PLD).Methods A total of 21 patients with symptomatic PLD were enrolled.The patients consisted of seventeen women and four men (aged 36-64 years,mean age,49 years).Transcatheter superselective embolization was performed with the mixture of N-butylcyanoacrylate (NBCA) and iodized oil.All patients underwent contrast enhanced computed tomography (CT) of the liver before TAE and at every 3 months for the first half year after TAE,and at 6-monthly intervals thereafter.Laboratory data,including routine blood tests and liver enzymes,were collected.T test was used for statistics.Results All procedures were successful without serious complications.There was no obvious improvement during the first three months.At follow-up of 6-12 months,symptoms notably improved in 18 of 21 patients,and these patients experienced further relief of the symptoms in the follow-up period.TAE failed to benefit in 3 patients,but there were no complaints of worsening of the symptoms.At follow-up CT,the total liver volume and total intra-hepatic cyst volume decreased significantly (t =6.75,7.73,P ＜0.01)compared with pre-TAE in 18 patients at 12 months after TAE.The total liver volume decreased from (8270 ± 3016) cm3 to (6120 ± 2680) cm3 and the total intra-hepatic cyst volume decreased from (7120 ±3070) cm3 to (4560±2488) cm3.Mild elevation of the liver enzymes returned to the normal range within 1 month in all patients.Conclusions It is suggested that transcatheter super selective embolization with the mixture of NBCA and iodized oil is a safe and effective treatment for PLD patients.This technique is a supplemental option for traditional therapy.

Objective To investigate the effects of different drugs and to explore the mechanism of pain in mice with adenomyosis ( ADM) .Methods The mouse model of adenomyosis was induced by oral administration of tamoxifen. The vaginal smear was examined by cytology, and serum levels of 5-HT, GnRH-R, NGF and NF were determined.Results Higher level of 5-HT was detected in the controls compared with the models.The expression of GnRH-R and NGF in nor-mal endometrium and eutopic endometrium were significantly lower than those in ectopic endometrium.The expression on NF in normal endometrium was significantly lower than that in the eutopic and ectopic endometria.Conclusions Similar with regular dose of GnRH-a, half dose of GnRH-a can slow down the progress of ADM as well as reducing pain.Combina-tion of regular dose of GnRH-a and Diane-35 could consolidate the therapeutic effect and even achieve pathological cure.5-HT may take an active part in the mechanism of pain in ADM.

Objective To evaluate the safety and clinical efficacy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in treating primary hepatic carcinoma (PHC) complicated by tumor thrombus in inferior vena cava and right atrium (IVC-RA).Methods A total of 17 patients with PHC complicated by tumor thrombus in IVC-RA were included in this study.After the tumor-feeding arteries were confirmed with selective arteriography,TACE was carried out.The used embolization materials included chemotherapy drug-lipiodol emulsion and particle type embolic materials,and the target arteries included branches of hepatic artery,right inferior phrenic artery,branches of left gastric artery,etc.All patients were periodically followed up,and further treatment would be conducted if it was necessary.Results A total of 45 interventional procedures were performed in the 17 patients and all procedures were successful without any significant complication.Explicit blood supply arteries of IVC-RA tumor thrombus were observed in all the 17 patients,including hepatic artery branches (n=12) and extra-hepatic arteries (n=9),which included left gastric artery (n=1) and right inferior phrenic artery (n=8).CT reexamination showed that lipiodol deposition in IVC-RA tumor thrombus was found in 15 patients.In the 17 patients,the median survival time was 12 months,and the one-year and 2-year overall survival rates were 52.9％ and 29.4％ respectively.Conclusion IVC-RA tumor thrombus has rich blood supply,and its main blood supply arteries include hepatic artery and right inferior phrenic artery.For the treatment of PHC associated with IVC-RA tumor thrombus,TACE is safe and effective.

Objective To investigate the clinical results,indications and precautions of a variety of special forms of the perforator flap for reconstructing limb soft-tissue defect.Methods From January 2008 to December 2013,480 cases suffering from limb soft-tissue defect were treated with special forms of the perforator flap.Types of special forms of the perforator flap included flow-through perforator flaps,micro-dissected perforator flaps,conjointed perforator flaps,polyfoliate perforator flaps and chimeric perforator flaps.Derivative types combined two or three technologies used in basic types.Results Venous crisis of the flap was shown in 10 cases.Through a second surgical exploration,5 cases were diagnosed with anastomotic thrombosis,2 with vascular torsion and 3 with hematoma.After appropriate treatments,flaps survived in 4 cases,but partial necrosis occurred in 6 cases.Twelve cases were found to have infection,which led to arterial crisis followed by total flap necrosis in one of them at postoperative day 5.Other flaps survived and wounds healed by first intention.Donor sites were repaired by skin flap transfer in 8 cases,skin grafting in 3 cases and direct suture in the rest cases.Conclusion Special forms of the perforator flap are optimal for repair of soft-tissue defect of extremities.

Objective To investigate the effect of histone deacetylase inhibitor LBH589 on proliferation,apoptosis and drug resistance of chemoresistant acute myeloid leukemia cells HL60/ADM.Methods HL60/ADM cells were treated with LBH589.Proliferation,apoptosis and adriamycin IC50 were evaluated by MTT assay and AnnexinV-FITC/PI stain.The change in MRP1 expression and intercellular adriamycin accumulatiom were analyzed by flow cytometry.Results Effective proliferative inhibition and apoptotic induction in HL60/ADM cells were observed after treatment with 10-80 nmol/L LBH589 with maximal effect detected after treatment with 70 nmol/L LBH589 for 60 hours.However,inhibition ratio remain unchanged with the further increase of drug dose and incubation time (P ＞ 0.05).Downregulation of MRP1 [(93.90±4.20) ％ vs (76.19±6.53) ％],upregulation of adriamycin accumulation [(8.53±0.68) ％ vs (25.67±1.34) ％] and decrease in adriamycin IC50 [(6.833±0.319) μg/ml vs (1.382±0.104) μg/ml] were induced by the treatment with 20 nmol/L LBH589 (P ＜ 0.01),whose reversal fold was 4.9.The expression of acetylated histone 3 after treatment with LBH589 was higher than that before treatment (P ＜ 0.01).However,relative p-Akt levels after treatment for 24 h and 48 h were 1.07±0.09 and 0.59±0.01,respectively,which were lower than that before treatment (2.03±0.12) (P ＜ 0.01).Meanwhile,expression levels of p53 were 0.57±0.04 and 1.31±0.09,respectively,which were higher than that before treatment (0.21 ±0.02) (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Treatment with LBH589 has the capability of inhibiting proliferation and inducing apoptosis,as well as increasing intercellular adriamycin accumulation and sensitivity through downregulation of MRP1 expression and inhibition of PI3K-Akt signaling pathway in HL60/ADM cells.