OBJECTIVE:To investigate the mechanism of litchi saponin in impr oving action of insulin resistance(IR)in rats with hyperlipemia-hepar adiposum.METHODS:The hyperlipemia-hepar adiposum was used to establish IR model of rats,the effects of litchi saponin,roglitazone and gliclazide on the index of fasting serum glucose(FSG),total cholesterol(TC),triacylglycerol(TG),high density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-C),tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-?,content of insulin,in?sulin sensitivity(ISI)and so on were observed in the model rats2hours after medication.RESULTS:Litchi saponin could sig?nificantly lower the level of FSG,TC,TG,contents of insulin and the concentration of TNF-?(P

Objective:To investigate the effects of different frequency sling exercise therapy (SET) on the balance of trunk control and walking ability in stroke patients.Methods:A total of 90 patients with stroke who were admitted to the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, from January 2018 to December 2018, received sling exercise therapy on a routine basis and were divided into 1 time/Day low frequency group, 2 time/Day medium frequency group, 3 time/Day high frequency group, 20 min/time, for a total of 3 months.After 1, 2 and 3 months, trunk control test (TCT), Berg balance scale(BBS), functional ambulation classification (FAC) and modified Barthel Index (MBI) were used to evaluate the three groups of patients.Results:There were significant differences in TCT, BBS, FAC and MBI between the low, middle and high frequency groups (all P < 0.05). The scores of TCT in the low, middle and high frequency groups were (36.21±6.31), (42.51±4.33), (49.52±4.90) and (41.23±6.31), (50.32±8.32), (58.12±7.23) respectively, and the scores of BBS were (15.11±4.31), (19.69±5.86), (24.56±8.74) and (21.43±5.37), (27.61 ± 7.50), (33.81±6.99) respectively, compared with those before treatment )The scores of (24.69±9.33), (22.84 ± 10.11) and (9.32 ± 3.11), (9.504.10), (9.47 ± 3.73) were significantly improved, and the differences between the high frequency group and the low frequency group and the medium frequency group were statistically significant (all P< 0.05), but there was no statistically significant difference between the three groups after three months of training ( P> 0.05). There was no significant difference between fAC and MBI in the low, medium and high frequency group, but there was no significant difference between the two groups after training for 2 and 3 months There were significant differences between fAC ((1.84±0.41), (2.39±0.44), (3.29 ± 0.33) and MBI ((27.32 ± 9.33), (34.45 ± 9.21), (44.77 ± 10.27) and (41.33±11.21), (52.73±12.31), (75.94±13.22)). There was significant difference between the high frequency group and the low frequency group ( P< 0.05). Conclusion:Multiple sling exercise therapy in one day can further improve the balance of trunk control and walking ability of stroke patients, and shorten the course of disease.

Background::Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer’s dementia. Mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in the pathology of PD. Coiled-coil-helix-coiled-coil-helix domain-containing 2 (CHCHD2) was identified as associated with autosomal dominant PD. However, the mechanism of CHCHD2 in PD remains unclear.Methods::Short hairpin RNA (ShRNA)-mediated CHCHD2 knockdown or lentivirus-mediated CHCHD2 overexpression was performed to investigate the impact of CHCHD2 on mitochondrial morphology and function in neuronal tumor cell lines represented with human neuroblastoma (SHSY5Y) and HeLa cells. Blue-native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and two-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate-PAGE analysis were used to illustrate the role of CHCHD2 in mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS). Co-immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting were used to address the interaction between CHCHD2 and Mic10. Serotype injection of adeno-associated vector-mediated CHCHD2 and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) administration were used to examine the influence of CHCHD2 in vivo.Results::We found that the overexpression of CHCHD2 can protect against methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibit the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the MPTP-induced mouse model. Furthermore, we identified that CHCHD2 interacted with Mic10, and overexpression of CHCHD2 can protect against MPP +-induced MICOS impairment, while knockdown of CHCHD2 impaired the stability of MICOS. Conclusion::This study indicated that CHCHD2 could interact with Mic10 and maintain the stability of the MICOS complex, which contributes to protecting mitochondrial function in PD.

Genetic studies have revealed a critical role of Distal-homeobox (Dlx) genes in bone formation, and our previous study showed that Dlx2 overexpressing in neural crest cells leads to profound abnormalities of the craniofacial tissues. The aim of this study was to investigate the role and the underlying molecular mechanisms of Dlx2 in osteogenic differentiation of mouse bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and pre-osteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells. Initially, we observed upregulation of Dlx2 during the early osteogenesis in BMSCs and MC3T3-E1 cells. Moreover, Dlx2 overexpression enhanced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and extracellular matrix mineralization in BMSCs and MC3T3-E1 cell line. In addition, micro-CT of implanted tissues in nude mice confirmed that Dlx2 overexpression in BMSCs promoted bone formation in vivo. Unexpectedly, Dlx2 overexpression had little impact on the expression level of the pivotal osteogenic transcription factors Runx2, Dlx5, Msx2, and Osterix, but led to upregulation of Alp and Osteocalcin (OCN), both of which play critical roles in promoting osteoblast maturation. Importantly, luciferase analysis showed that Dlx2 overexpression stimulated both OCN and Alp promoter activity. Through chromatin-immunoprecipitation assay and site-directed mutagenesis analysis, we provide molecular evidence that Dlx2 transactivates OCN and Alp expression by directly binding to the Dlx2-response cis-acting elements in the promoter of the two genes. Based on these findings, we demonstrate that Dlx2 overexpression enhances osteogenic differentiation in vitro and accelerates bone formation in vivo via direct upregulation of the OCN and Alp gene, suggesting that Dlx2 plays a crucial role in osteogenic differentiation and bone formation.
Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; physiology ; Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit ; Homeodomain Proteins ; metabolism ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Osteoblasts ; metabolism ; Osteocalcin ; drug effects ; Osteogenesis ; physiology ; Transcription Factors ; metabolism ; Up-Regulation

The biological samples of oral genetic diseases and rare diseases are extremely precious. Collecting and preserving these biological samples are helpful to elucidate the mechanisms and improve the level of diagnose and treatment of oral genetic diseases and rare diseases. The standardized construction of biobanks for oral genetic diseases and rare diseases is important for achieving these goals. At present, there is very little information on the construction of these biobanks, and the standards or suggestions for the classification and coding of biological samples from oral and maxillofacial sources, and this is not conducive to the standardization and information construction of biobanks for special oral diseases. This consensus summarizes the background, necessity, principles, and key points of constructing the biobank for oral genetic diseases and rare diseases. On the base of the group standard "Classification and Coding for Human Biomaterial" (GB/T 39768-2021) issued by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Biological Samples, we suggest 76 new coding numbers for different of biological samples from oral and maxillofacial sources. We hope the consensus may promote the standardization, and smartization on the biobank construction as well as the overall research level of oral genetic diseases and rare diseases in China.