Purpose: The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the effects of advance care planning on end-of-life decision-making. Methods: Databases including RISS, KISS, KMbase, KoreaMed, PubMed (MEDLINE), Embase, and CINAHL were searched for studies that examined the effects of advance care planning interventions. The inclusion criteria were original studies in English or Korean; adults ≥18 years of age (population); advance care planning (intervention); completion of advance directives (AD) or advance care planning (ACP) (outcomes); and randomized or non-randomized controlled trials (RCTs and non-RCTs, respectively) (design). Study quality was measured using the checklists of the Joanna Briggs Institute. Meta-analyses were conducted with the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis program. Results: Nine RCTs and nine non-RCTs were selected for the final analysis. The effect sizes (ES) of the outcome variables in nine RCTs were meta-analyzed, and found to range from 0.142 to 0.496 for the completion of AD and ACP (ES=0.496, 95% CI: 0.157~0.836), discussion of end-of-life care (ES=0.429, 95% CI: -0.027~0.885), quality of communication (ES=0.413, 95% CI: 0.008~0.818), decisional conflict (ES=0.349, 95% CI: -0.059~0.758), and congruence between preferences for care and delivered care (ES=0.142, 95% CI: -0.267~0.552). Conclusion ACP interventions had a positive effect on the completion of AD and ACP. To apply AD or ACP in Korea, it is necessary to develop ACP interventions that reflect aspects of Korean culture.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate advance care planning needs expressed online. Methods: This study collected data from online community posts and healthcare news sites.The search keywords included “death,” “euthanasia,” “life-sustaining medical care,” “lifesustaining treatment,” “advance directives,” “advance medical directives,” and “advance care planning.” Data collection spanned from February 2018 to February 14, 2020. Out of 2,288 posts, 1,190 were included in the final analysis. Data analysis was conducted using NVivo 12, a qualitative data analysis software program. Results: Content analysis categorized patients' advance care planning needs into eight themes, 11 theme clusters, and 33 meaningful statements. Similarly, care providers' advance care planning needs were categorized into eight themes, 14 theme clusters, and 42 meaningful statements. The identified themes of care needs included life-sustaining medical care, decision-making related to life-sustaining medical care, physical care, environmental care, supportive and spiritual care, respect, preparing for death, and family. Conclusion This study identified care needs from the perspectives of patients and their families. The findings may serve as preliminary data for future research and clinical applications.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate advance care planning needs expressed online. Methods: This study collected data from online community posts and healthcare news sites.The search keywords included “death,” “euthanasia,” “life-sustaining medical care,” “lifesustaining treatment,” “advance directives,” “advance medical directives,” and “advance care planning.” Data collection spanned from February 2018 to February 14, 2020. Out of 2,288 posts, 1,190 were included in the final analysis. Data analysis was conducted using NVivo 12, a qualitative data analysis software program. Results: Content analysis categorized patients' advance care planning needs into eight themes, 11 theme clusters, and 33 meaningful statements. Similarly, care providers' advance care planning needs were categorized into eight themes, 14 theme clusters, and 42 meaningful statements. The identified themes of care needs included life-sustaining medical care, decision-making related to life-sustaining medical care, physical care, environmental care, supportive and spiritual care, respect, preparing for death, and family. Conclusion This study identified care needs from the perspectives of patients and their families. The findings may serve as preliminary data for future research and clinical applications.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate advance care planning needs expressed online. Methods: This study collected data from online community posts and healthcare news sites.The search keywords included “death,” “euthanasia,” “life-sustaining medical care,” “lifesustaining treatment,” “advance directives,” “advance medical directives,” and “advance care planning.” Data collection spanned from February 2018 to February 14, 2020. Out of 2,288 posts, 1,190 were included in the final analysis. Data analysis was conducted using NVivo 12, a qualitative data analysis software program. Results: Content analysis categorized patients' advance care planning needs into eight themes, 11 theme clusters, and 33 meaningful statements. Similarly, care providers' advance care planning needs were categorized into eight themes, 14 theme clusters, and 42 meaningful statements. The identified themes of care needs included life-sustaining medical care, decision-making related to life-sustaining medical care, physical care, environmental care, supportive and spiritual care, respect, preparing for death, and family. Conclusion This study identified care needs from the perspectives of patients and their families. The findings may serve as preliminary data for future research and clinical applications.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate advance care planning needs expressed online. Methods: This study collected data from online community posts and healthcare news sites.The search keywords included “death,” “euthanasia,” “life-sustaining medical care,” “lifesustaining treatment,” “advance directives,” “advance medical directives,” and “advance care planning.” Data collection spanned from February 2018 to February 14, 2020. Out of 2,288 posts, 1,190 were included in the final analysis. Data analysis was conducted using NVivo 12, a qualitative data analysis software program. Results: Content analysis categorized patients' advance care planning needs into eight themes, 11 theme clusters, and 33 meaningful statements. Similarly, care providers' advance care planning needs were categorized into eight themes, 14 theme clusters, and 42 meaningful statements. The identified themes of care needs included life-sustaining medical care, decision-making related to life-sustaining medical care, physical care, environmental care, supportive and spiritual care, respect, preparing for death, and family. Conclusion This study identified care needs from the perspectives of patients and their families. The findings may serve as preliminary data for future research and clinical applications.

The purposes of this study were to determine the effects of a disaster training education for hospital nurses in terms of attitudes, preparedness, and competence of disaster nursing. Methods: One group pretest and posttest design was adopted. Data were collected from April 20th to May 20th, 2017 using 80 hospital nurses enrolled at a tertiary hospital located in D city. Results: The levels of attitudes (t=-2.31, p=.024), preparedness (t=-7.67, p<.001), and competencies (t=-16.82, p<.001) of disaster nursing at the posttest were significantly higher than those of the pretest. There were statistically significant relationships among nurses' attitudes, preparedness, and competencies of disaster nursing. The attitudes and preparedness of disaster nursing had significant effects on the competencies of disaster nursing. Conclusion: Disaster training education improved attitudes, preparedness, and competencies of disaster nursing in hospital nurses. Therefore, it is recommended to develop more practical disaster training education programs toward hospital nurses as well as nursing students as a way to enhance the competence of disaster nursing.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the effects of visiting nursing services in long-term care (LTC) insurance on changes in health status and physical functions among the elderly. METHODS: We analyzed survey data on the living status and welfare needs of the elderly from 2008 and 2011 using the difference-in-difference method with propensity score matching. RESULTS: The subjects were 76 elders including 38 visiting nursing service users(intervention group) and 38 home-based LTC service users (control group). Results from DID analysis confirmed that the subjective health status level of the intervention group was 2.2 points higher (p=.044) and the depression level was 0.3 point lower (p=.039) than the control group. In addition, the intervention group's ADL score was 1.9 (p=.027) and IADL 3.9 (p=.030), showing that their health was deteriorated less. CONCLUSION: Visiting nursing service in LTC insurance was associated with delayed deterioration of subjective health status, depression, ADL and IADL. These findings suggest the need of rebuilding visiting nursing service programs focusing on prevention services, which will be more contributive to elderly health care and the reduction of social costs.
Activities of Daily Living ; Aged ; Delivery of Health Care ; Depression ; Humans ; Insurance ; Insurance, Long-Term Care* ; Long-Term Care ; Nursing Services* ; Propensity Score

BACKGROUND: A medulloblastoma is a primitive neuroepithelial tumor of the cerebellum that occurs in children and metastasizes through the cerebrospinal fluid. It is highly malignant and invasive, and the 5-year survival rate is only 60%. Surgical resection techniques, radiation, and chemotherapy have improved the overall survival but the patients suffer life-long cognitive dysfunctions or endocrine abnormalities as the side effects of treatment. Therefore it is essential to identify prognostic markers to determine the appropriate treatment strategy in order to minimize the side effects. METHODS: This study evaluated the immunohistochemical differentiation and survival rate with synaptophysin, glial fibrillary acidic protein, epithelial membrane antigen, vimentin and primitive neuroepithelial marker nestin of 55 paraffin-embedded medulloblastomas, using a tissue microarray. The expression of survivin, the apoptotic inhibitor, and the survival rate with regard to the proliferation index of Ki-67 were also investigated. RESULTS: The group testing positive to vimentin, a mesenchymal differentiation marker, had a worse prognosis and there was a strong correlation between vimentin expression and nestin expression. Patients with a survivin expression rate >35% had a significantly poorer clinical course and there was a correlation between the survivin expression rate and Ki-67 expression rate. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, vimentin and survivin are negative prognostic markers in medulloblastomas.
Cerebellum ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Child ; Drug Therapy ; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ; Humans ; Medulloblastoma* ; Mucin-1 ; Nestin ; Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive ; Prognosis ; Survival Rate ; Synaptophysin ; Vimentin*

Myhre syndrome (MS) is a rare autosomal-dominant disorder characterized by short stature, intellectual disability, skeletal anomalies, restricted joint mobility, distinctive facial dysmorphism, and deafness. Early diagnosis of MS is difficult because its features progress and become noticeable at school age. Recently, the SMAD4 gene was identified as the major gene responsible for MS. Herein, we report the first Korean case of MS after identification of a SMAD4 mutation by clinical exome sequencing. The patient was born small for gestational age, and she had the typical clinical features of MS, including short stature, characteristic facial appearance, developmental delay, and selective mutism. She was diagnosed with central precocious puberty. Because of the patient’s precocious puberty and short stature, we administered combined recombinant human growth hormone and gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist treatments, which resulted in improved height. While there have been 79 cases of MS reported worldwide, to our knowledge, this is the first case of genetically-confirmed MS in Korea.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to review and synthesize the existing literature on the experience of nursing students in simulation. METHODS: A systematic review was undertaken using meta-ethnography. Eight databases were searched up to January 2014 for peer-reviewed studies, written in Korean and English, that reported primary data, used identifiable and interpretative qualitative methods, and offered a valuable contribution to the synthesis. RESULTS: Nine studies were identified, with quality appraisal undertaken. Three key concepts were generated: ambivalence of simulation practice, learning by reflection, and building up of the competency as a future nurse. Six sub-concepts emerged: double sidedness of simulation setting; feeling ambivalence of simulation; learning from others; learning from self-reflection; improvement of confidence by role experience; and internalization of nursing knowledge. A line of argument has been developed based on the themes generated. CONCLUSION: The findings from this qualitative synthesis and other related literature indicated the importance of capability of educator and extension of the simulation system to facilitate effective simulation-based education.
Education ; Humans ; Learning ; Nursing ; Students, Nursing