A new method skim milk proteolysis ager diffusion test (SMPAD) was established. Extracelluar proteases in supernatants produced by Aeromonas hydrophila J-l in different mediums were detected by SMPAD and the Azocasein substrat method. It was demonstrated that the two methods agreed with each other and the SMPAD test was charactered by more easily operated, more sensitive and better repeated.

A new method agar diffsive hemolysis test (ADHT)was esteblished to measure thd hemlytic titer of HEC toxin produced by Aeromonas hydrophila. The ADHT had also been compared with the spectrophotometry and the microhemolyses test The results shows that the hemlytic titer detected by ADHTwas hither than the former methods and the ADHT was cha ractered by better and more easily determined.

A new method agar diffsive hemolysis test (ADHT)was esteblished to measure thd hemlytic titer of HEC toxin produced by Aeromonas hydrophila.The ADHT had also been compared with the spectrophotometry and the microhemolyses test The results shows that the hemlytic titer detected by ADHTwas hither than the former methods and the ADHT was charactered by better and more easily determined.

Background and purpose:It has be reported that the activation of EGFR-STAT3 signal transduction pathway is involved in oncogenesis of many cancers.This study was to investigate whether EGFR-STAT3 pathway plays a role in the carcinogenesis of hepatoma in rats.Methods:Hepatoma induced by 3'Me-DAB was used as a model.EGFR,TGF?,STAT3,p-STAT3 in different stages of carcinogenesis were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot.In situ hybridization was applied to investigate the expression of STAT3 mRNA.The slides were assessed by Carl Zeiss Image Analysis system.The data were statistically evaluated.Results:EGFR,TGF?,STAT3 were highly expressed at the stages of liver necrosis and repair.the expression of EGFR,TGFa,STAT3 and p-STAT3 has been found in all hepatomas and the levels of EGFR and TGFa were statistically higher than that in normal tissue,similarlly the STAT3 mRNA and protein level in hepatoma was much higher than in normal tissue(P

Objective:To prepare Streptococcus pneumonia type 3 capsular polysaccharide conjugate vaccine.Methods:Strep-tococcus pneumonia type 3 capsular polysaccharide was covalently linked to protein CRM197 and its immunogenicity was evaluated in infant mice.Results:Through the preliminary research, we found that the polysaccharide was treated with 0.2 mol/L acetic acid at 85℃ for 1 h,activation grade reached to 10.0,and the radio of polysaccharide and protein was 20∶10,could induce infant mice to produce the high titers of antibodies.Conclusion:This result shows that conjugate vaccine prepared under this condition retained intact antigenicity.It is applicable to prepare Streptococcus pneumonia type 3 capsular polysaccharide conjugate vaccine by the process condi-tions.

Objective To explore the clinical features and causes of misdiagnosis of the patients with acquired deficiency of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors (ADVKDCF). Methods Retrospective analysis was performed with the data from 62 patients with ADVKDCF for etiological factors, clinical manifestations,laboratory examinations, diagnosis and treatments. Results Among the 62 patients, 51 patients were with unknown causes( subgroup A) and 11 were with clear histories of anticoagulant rodenticide poisoning( subgroup B). The presentations of hemorrhage of the patients varied with hematuria as the most common first symptom,followed by skin, mucosa, muscle, internal organs bleeding (28/62). The most common hemorrhage symptom is hematuria. 35 of the 62 patients had hemoglobin(Hb) levels less than 100 g/L due to blood loss( the lowest level was 32 g/L). Thirty-eight patients were misdiagnosed at the first visit and the median time from hemorrhage manifestation to definite diagnosis was 8 days (range,2 to 192 days). ADVKDCF was mostly misdiagnosed as the urinary system diseases (23/38), followed by hemophilia (8/38). Laboratory examinations showed normal platelet count , throm bin time (TT) and normal fibrinogen(Fg) concentration, but prolonged plasma prothrombin time (PT), activated partial prothrombin time (APTT) and international normalized ration (INR). All of patients received high dose vitamin K ( intravenous vitamin K1 with a initial dose of 20 to 240 mg/d and then oral vitamin K4 maintenance) . The bleeding symptoms disappeared 1 day after treatment and the Hb levels increased dramatically. There were significant differences in PT, APTT and INR of the patients before and after treatment( P ＜0. 01 ). Followed by a median follow - up of 8 months , no patient had severe adverse effects or recurrence. Conclusion The hemorrhage presentations of the patients with ADVKDCF are various. The most common hemorrhage symptom is hematuria. The misdiagnosis rate of ADVKDCF is high with urinary systems disorders as the most common misdiagnosis. Sequential treatment with vitamin K is an effective and safe method to prevent recurrence. Early detection of coagulation function is helpful to reduce misdiagnosis possibility.

The study is aim to explore the value of surgical approach and related treatment in thyroid nodule.We searched Pubmed and CNKI by setting keywords "thyroid operation" from January 2006 to date,a total of 90 literatures were retrieved.Inclusion criteria were as follows:variety surgical treatment of thyroid nodule;methods and effects of integrative medicine of thyroid disease.39 studies met the inclusion criteria.Different surgical treatments of thyroid nodule had advantages and disadvantages and should be selected according to the specific condition of the patients.Priority should be given more effective,less invasive,less painful,more beautiful and low-cost surgery.The depth study of features of surgical treatment of thyroid nodule will help provide a better reference for clinical treatment.

Objective To investigate the clinical pathological characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of breast rhabdomyosarcoma, and to enhance the awareness of malignancy infiltration to bone marrow (BM). Methods The data of one case of Rhabdomyosarcoma of breast were analyzed retrospectively. BM aspirate and biopsy, morphology, immunology, cytogenetics, molecular biology (MICM) in different parts of BM, peripheral blood smear, fine puncture of breast mass, final biopsy of breast mass by Mammotome System and whole body PET-CT were performed. The immunochemistry stain of specimen of breast mass was used. Results The peripheral blood smear of this patient showed immature erythrocytes, leucocytes and classification of unknown cells which were consistent with BM morphology. The results of BM aspirate and biopsy depicted a hypercellular specimen with disseminated unknown cells infiltration. Unknown cells were positive for CD56 and negative for any hematopoietic markers by flow cytometry. The whole body PET-CT showed that uptake of 18F-FDG of bilateral breast and whole BM was increased, whereas the mass of breast was not presented by CT. PET-CT suggested a probable malignant hematologic disease. The enough specimen of breast mass got from Mammotome System showed embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, and the tumor cells were positive for MyoD1, Vimentin and Desmin. Conclusions It is a challenge for early diagnosis of solid sarcoma with unknown origin which diffusely infiltrating into BM. Negative expression of hematopoietic markers by flow cytometry plays a role on differential diagnosis in this setting, whereas PET-CT only provides a valuable reference. Enough specimen and immunohistochemical staining could provide solid evidences of diagnosis.

Objective To explore the effects of Micro-course combined with TBL (Team-based Learning) teaching method in experiment teaching of fundamentals of nursing.Methods Two classes of nursing students in School of Nursing,Harbin Medical University (Daqing) were recruited by purposive sampling method.The students were assigned to the experimental group (n=37) and the control group (n=38) by drawing lots.Traditional teaching method were used in the control group and the Micro-course combined with TBL teaching method were used in the experimental group.The teaching effects were evaluated through skill operation test and questionnaire on learning attitude of nursing students.Results At the end of semester,the skill operation test scores of the students in the experimental group were higher than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant (P＜ 0.05).After the end of the course,the total scores of learning attitude and the scores of each dimension in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusions Micro-course combined with TBL teaching method is applicable and effective,which can significantly improve the practical ability and learning attitude of nursing students.

Purpose/Significance To analyze relevant patented technologies,and to provide experience for medical and commercial health insurance institutions to break through the data interaction blocking point and construct a multi-level medical security system.Method/Process The patentometrics method is used to analyze the data interaction patent technology between medical and health insurance institutions from four aspects:time trend,regional distribution,category distribution and text clustering.Result/Conclusion China should pay attention to the role of data interaction in deepening cooperation between medical and insurance institutions,improve the declaration,authorization,application and protection of high-quality patents,pay attention to cross-border integration and technology-driven,and innovate patent layout to meet technological development and social needs.