The incidence of diabetes has a rapid increase trend trend in the whole world. In China, the incidence has come to 3%. The most of patients with type Ⅰ and part of type Ⅱ diabetes rely on exogenious insulin to control blood glucose;they not only have to bear the uncomfortbleness of insulin injection, but also inevitably to face the forward complications, so,the main concern in recent years is to rebuild the endogenous insulin secretion system. Many experiments show that pancreas transplantation not only can stop the development of insulin dependent diabe-tes, but also revert the already existing complications, just like with other organ transplants, the organ access and preservation is prerequisite for success. Because of the specificity of pancreas tissue, the effects of different organ preservation solution for the preservation of the pancreas varies. In this paper we will talk about the effect of UW preservation solution in the pancreas transplantation.

To explore a new mode of teaching activities and management of clinical practice, our hospital adopted various methods, including computer training and exams, selecting practice guiding experts among the three level specialties, establishing labs for the operation of basic skills, using credit books for trainees and adopting integrated education on disease entities. In the past, teachers could teach and set exams in whatever way they liked and students did not have enough opportunities to come across various disease entities or to operate with their hands. Now such shortcomings have been overcome. Students can receive comprehensive, systematic and standard training in clinical operations. At the same time, their quality with regard to professional knowledge and ethics has also been enhanced.

Objective To explore the relationship between WWOX gene and attachment and adhesion of ovarian cancer. Methods The expression of WWOX mRNA was detected by RT-PCR, the expression of the WWOX protein was evaluated by western blot in WWOX-transfected PEO1 cells (H6, H7, H8 cell) and vector-transfected control cells (vec-1, vec-2 cell). Attachment assay was used to assess the adhesion of the tranafection in PEOI cells via culturing the cells on the pre-coated fibronectin wells. RNA interference (RNAi) was used to knockdown the endogenous expression of WWOX in the A2780 ovarian cancer cell line by liposome. Attachment assay was detected the adhesion to fibronectin after gene silencing. Restdts RT-PCR showed that expression of mRNA WWOX in exon9 was in all transfection cells (H6, H7, H8, vec-1, vec-2 cell ). Western blot showed that expression of WWOX protein was in the WWOX-transfected cells (H6, H7, H8 cell ), but not in the vector-transfected cells (vec-1, vec-2 cell ). Attachment assay showed that H6, H7, H8 cell (0.098±0.003, 0.091±0.004, 0.099±0.003) adhered more slowly to fibronectin than vec-1, vec-2 cell (0.185±0.003, 0.175±0.006) and non-transfected PEO1 cell (0.211±0.007), and demonstrated significantly reduced adhesion after 2 hours (P ＜ 0.01). A2780 adhesive cells that WWOX gene be knockdown was 0.059±0.005, adhered more significantly rapid than those untreated cells that was 0.029±0.003 after treated 30 minutes (P ＜ 0.05 ). Conclusions WWOX gene can suppress adhesion to fibronectin in ovarian cancer cells. This suggests an important role for loss of WWOX gene in promoting attachment and adhesion of ovarian cancer cells on loco-regional peritoneum, and further resulting in enhancing loco-regional peritoneal tumor invasiveness and spread.

Objective To explore the effects of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway by estradiol induced vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in endometrial cancer Ishikawa cells.Methods The experiments were divided into 4 groups:E2 group (Ishikawa cells treated with 1 p mol/L estradiol for 30 minutes); inhibitor group:including Ishikawa cells treated with 10 μmol/L Bibf1 120 (Bibf1 120 group),or treated with 2.5 μmol/L Ponatinib (Ponatinib group),or treated with 10 p mol/L U0126 (U0126 group) for 60 minutes; inhibitor + E2 group:including Ishikawa cells treated with 10 μmol/L Bibf1120 (Bibf1120 + E2 group),or treated with 2.5 μmol/L Ponatinib (Ponatinib + E2 group),or treated with 10 μmol/L U0126 (U0126+ E2 group) for 60 minutes following incubation with 1 μmol/L estradiol for 30 minutes; control group:only adding the culture medium without serum DMEM.(1) Western blot analysis was used to detect phosphorylation extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2(p-ERK 1/2) protein expression with stimulation in different concentrations of estradiol (0.01,0.1,1,10,100 μmol/L).(2) Quantitative fluorescent reverse transcription (qRT)-PCR and western blot analysis was used to test the level of mRNA and protein of VEGF,bFGF,MAPK kinase 1/2 (MEK1/2),extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2),p-ERK1/2 and phosphorylation MEK1/2 (p-MEK1/2).Flow cytometry were used to examine the cell cycle,and transwell chamber assay were used to detect the cell migration in different groups.Results The expression of the p-ERK1/2 protein at 0.01,0.1,1,10,100 μ mol/L were 0.16±0.03,0.10±0.03,0.41 ±0.04,0.19±0.03,0.19±0.03,there were significantly higher than that in control group(0.05±0.00,P＜0.05),and which was more obvious at the concentration of 1 μmol/L estradiol.The expression level of VEGF,bFGF mRNA and protein in E2 group were higher than those in the control group (P＜O.05).VEGF mRNA and protein in Bibf1120+E2 group were higher than those in E2 group.The expression of MEK1/2,ERK1/2 mRNA protein in E2 group were higher than those in control group (P＜0.05).The expression of MEK1/2,ERK1/2 mRNA or p-MEK1/2,p-ERK1/2 protein in Bibf1120 + E2 group,Ponatinib+E2 group or U0126+E2 group were lower than those in E2 group(all P＜0.05).Percentage of G1 phase [(53.6±3.2)％] and S phase[(29.2±4.2)％] in E2 group was significantly different with those in control group respectively(P＜0.05).Percentage of G1 phase[(66.8±2.6)％,(63.1±2.6)％ and (63.3±0.4)％] and S phase [(25.4±1.9)％,(25.0±3.8)％ and(23.8±0.5)％] in U0126+E2 group,Bibf1120+E2 group or Ponatinib +E2 group was also significantly different with those in control group (all P＜0.05); percentage of G1 phase and S phase in U0126+E2 group was significant difference with those in Bibf1120+E2 group or ponatinib+E2 group (P＜0.05).The number of cell colony in E2 group (110± 17) was more than those in control group (65±8) ;the number of cell colony in U0126+E2 group(28±4),Bibf1120+E2 group(38±5) or Ponatinib+E2group(42±6) were significant different with those in E2 group (P＜0.05),the number of cell colony in U0126+E2 group was significant difference with those in Bibf1 120+E2 group or Ponatinib+E2 group (all P＜0.05).The results shown that the abilities of proliferation and cell migration were significantly increased in cells after estradiol stimulation.Conclusion Estradiol inducing the production of VEGF and bFGF could activate MAPK pathway through ER-independent manner,further promote development.

Background and purpose:The occurrence of endometrial cancer may be related to the persistent stimulus of endogenous and exogenous estrogen without progesterone antagonist. But how does estrogen regulate cell proliferation is still unknown. AKT pathway is the most important signal transduction way to mediate proliferation in the cells. The main aim was to study whether estradiol induces the expression of VEGF, bFGF and IL-8 in the endometrial cancer HEC-1A cells by activating AKT, and its effect on proliferation. Methods:Western blot was used to detect the expression of AKT protein in HEC-1A cells after estradiol stimulation, AKT inhibitor or ER inhibitor stimulation followed by estradiol. Real-time PCR and ELISA were used to detect the gene and protein expression of VEGF, bFGF and IL-8 in different inhibitors. Cell colony formation assay, lfow cytometry and CFSE assay were used to examine the proliferation in HEC-1A cells. Results:The expression of p-AKT protein in HEC-1A cells after stimulation with estradiol was markedly higher than that in the control group (P=0.006 2);the expression of p-AKT protein in AKT inhibitor group and ER inhibitor group were signiifcantly decreased than that in estradiol group (P=0.006 0, P=0.006 4). qPCR and ELISA showed the mRNA and protein expression of VEGF, bFGF, IL-8 in estradiol group were signiifcantly increased than that in control group (P<0.05);The expressions of VEGF, bFGF, IL-8 in AKT inhibitor group and ER inhibitor group were signiifcantly decreased than that in estradiol group (P<0.01). The abilities of proliferation and cell cycle were signiifcantly increased in HEC-1A cells after estradiol stimulation. Conclusion:Estrogen induces the production of VEGF, bFGF and IL-8 through activating AKT signal pathway.

Objective To investigate the effects of long term exposure of 18F-FDG-PET/CT X-rays on rabbit immune system.Methods The rabbits were irradiated with 18F-FDG-PET/CT every day and this irradiation treatment continued for 3 months.At each month,the total number of white blood cells,thymus index and spleen index,phagocytic index,immune globulins,TNF-α and IL-1 in peripheral blood and serum were detected.Results After long-term 18F-FDG-PET/CT irradiation,the total number of white blood cells increased,the thymus and spleen index decreased (t =3.144-72.903,P ＜ 0.05),the phagocytic index and phagocytic percentage decreased after 1 or 2 months(t =2.719-11.859,P ＜ 0.05),and the number of immune cells marked with CD4 + increased but CD8 + decreased(t =6.433-29.877,P ＜ 0.05).In addition,the level of immune globulin in the serum decreased,but the expressions of TNF-α and IL-1β increased (t =2.720-28.775,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions 18F-FDG-PET/CT has some damage effects on the immune system of male Japanese big ear rabbit,suggesting that the negative effects of PET-CT should be paid close attention to during clinical application.

Objective To judge the effect by understanding the change of the blood related indexes before and after the applica-tion of lamivudine combined with silibinin treatment for treating E antigen positive chronic hepatitis B to provide the basis for the individualized therapy.Methods 226 cases of E antigen positive chronic hepatitis B were selected and divided into the mild group (55 cases),moderate group (94 cases)and severe group(77 cases)according to the degree of liver function injury.The 3 groups were given oral lamivudine 100 mg once daily and oral silybinin 70mg,3 times a day.The course of treatment was 6 months;the re-lated blood indexes before and after treatment were analyzed.Results After 6 months of treatment,the recovery rate of ALT,E an-tigen negative conversion rate and HBV-DNA negative conversion rate in the mild group and the moderate group were improved in different degrees,and those in the severe group were significantly increased(P <0.05).Conclusion Lamivudine combined with sili-binin treatment can inhibit the replication of HBV-DNA more effectively,promote the recovery rate of serum ALT significantly,im-prove the E antigen negative conversion rate,especially for the patients with severe liver function injury;which improve the curative effect in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B in some extent.

Objective To compare intraoperative,pathologic,postoperative outcomes and quality of life of laparoscopic radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy ( LRH + LPL) with abdominal radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy ( ARH + APL) for patients with early-stage cervical cancer.Methods The consecutive cases with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stages Ⅰ a2 - Ⅱ a cervical cancer who underwent surgery from Jan.1,2002 to Jan.1,2011 were documented,including 85 patients underwent LRH + LPL,and 85 patients underwent ARH + APL as control group.The clinical data of intraoperative,pathologic,postoperative outcomes and quality of life were compared between two groups.Survival data were estimated using Kaplan-Meier survival curves and compared with the log-rank test.Cox proportional hazards model was used for multivariate analysis.Results All but 2 surgical procedures were completed laparoscopically because of right common ihac vein vessel injuries.Mean operative time,it was longer for LRH + LPL than that for ARH + APL [ (242 ±74) minutes vs.( 190 ±61 ) minutes,P =0.000 ].Mean recovery time of intestines function was less for LRH + LPL than that for ARH + APL [ (45 ± 7 ) hours vs.(63 ± 1 1 ) hours,P =0.000 ].Mean estimated blood loss was less for LRH + LPL than that for ARH + APL[ (367 ±252) ml vs.(460 ±220) ml,P =0.006].Mean recovery time of urinary function was less that for LRH + LPL than that for ARH + APL [ ( 19 ±4) days vs.(21 ±4) days,P =0.000 ].There were no significant difference in numbers of the pelvic lymph nodes resected,the extent of parametrial tissue,vaginal cuff,negative margins obtained and complications.The median follow-up was 32 months (range 4 to 105 months),there was no significant difference in the recurrence rate (7％ vs.5％,P=0.540) and mortality rate (7％ vs.5％,P=0.540),5 years disease-free survival(90％ vs.94％,P =0.812),5 years over survival ( 90％ vs.95％,P =0.532 ).There were not significant difference in quality of life between ARH + APL group and LRH + LPL group( P ＞ 0.05 ).Only lympho-vascular space invasion was an independent prognostic factor by multivariate analysis (P =0.016).Conclusions For early stage cervical cancer,LRH + LPL has similar outcomes compared with ARH + APL.Laparoscopic treatment by experienced surgeons should be an ideal altemative.

Objective To analyse the clinico-pathologic characteristics,diagnosis,therapy and prognostic of small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix(SCNCC).Methods The clinic-pathological features of 12 patients with SCNCC treated in Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University,admitted during March 2006 to July 2010,were analyzed retrospectively.Results Of 12 patients,the mean age was 38.7 years(rang 28-57 years),6 had stages Ⅰ b1-Ⅱa,6 had stagesⅡb-Ⅳ.Among 8 patients(Ⅰ b1-Ⅲb)underwent surgery,4 of them received neoadjuvant chemotherapy,8 of them received adjuvant chemotherapy and(or)radiotherapy.All had greater than one-half stromal invasion,4 patients had positive pelvic lymph nodes metastases.The positive ratio of the chromogranin(CgA),synaptophysin,neuronspecific enolase(NSE),cytokeratins(CK),CD56 tested by immunohistochemical staining were 8/12,9/10,4/4,4/4,4/4,respectively.Median follow-up period was 3 months(1-22 months).Among 8 patients underwent surgery,2 patients developed lung metastases,1 patient developed liver and lung metastases,1 patient developed liver metastases concurrently with bone metastases,disease-free survival (DFS)were 3 months(Ⅰ b2 with positive lymph nodes),4.6 months(Ⅱ a),7 months(Ⅰ b1),17 months (Ⅰ b2);2 patient died(8.5 and 11.3 months,respectively)after surgery;4 patients are alive and show no evidence of disease.Among 4 patients untreated,1 patients received concurrent chemoradiation and are alive for 10.1 months.Two patient untreated(Ⅲb,Ⅳ)died after 0.6 and 1.3 months final diagnosis,respectively.One patient Was lost follow-up.Conclusions SCNCC is a highly malignant tumor with rare morbility,propensity for distant spread and dismal prognosis.Final diagnosis of SCNCC depends on pathomorphology and immunohistochemical analysis.Combined therapeutic modalities may in favor of survival in some patients.

Objective To observe the radiosensitivity by targeting HIF-lα in human lung cancer and the effects on tumor growth in nude mice.Methods Radiosensitivity of A549 and A549/HIF-1α ( － ) cells were tested by clonogenic forming assay.A549/HIF-1 α( － ) cells and A549 cells were injected into the male BALB/C nude mice.Tumor growth was observed.The expression of HIF-1α and microvessel density were detected by immunohistochemistry method.Results SERs of HIF-1α gene silencing were 1.03 in normoxia and 1.65 in hypoxia.The sizes of tumor xenografts derived from A549/HIF-1α( － ) cells were significantly reduced compared to those of the xenografts derived from A549 cells.HIF-1 α protein staining result showed a dramatic decrease in tumors from A549/HIF-1α ( － ) mice.The microvessel densities (MVD) were 19.83 ± 4.09 in A549 group and 11.61 ±3.04 in A549/HIF-lα (-)group(F=15.57,P ＜0.05 ).Conclusions Hypoxia-induced radio-resistance in lung cancer A549 cells could be reversed by silencing the HIF-1α.It also retards the growth of tumor xenografts,decreases HIF-1α expression and reduces the vascularity.