1.Erratum: Pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of two different 20 mg olmesartan tablets: A randomized, single-dose, two-period crossover study in healthy Korean male volunteers.
Jieon LEE ; Anhye KIM ; Kyung Sang YU ; Jae Yong CHUNG ; Sung Vin YIM ; Bo Hyung KIM
Translational and Clinical Pharmacology 2016;24(2):111-111
In the published version of this article, an error in the sponsor's identity was discovered in the acknowledgment section.
2.Evaluation of factors associated with drug-induced liver injury using electronic medical records.
Hyewon CHUNG ; Hyungmi AN ; Jieon LEE ; Jaeseong OH ; Kyung Sang YU ; Jae Yong CHUNG
Translational and Clinical Pharmacology 2016;24(2):78-83
The causes and attributing factors of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) remain unclear as a result of exclusion-based diagnosis and low incidence. The aim of this study was to explore and evaluate potential drug-related causes and factors associated with DILI. Using electronic medical records (EMR) from the Seoul National University Bundang Hospital from 2003 to 2014, patients with DILI events were identified based on liver function test results. All patients with hepatic or biliary diseases were excluded. Patient characteristics, including demographics, clinical patterns, and severity of DILI were summarized and their associations were evaluated. Drugs frequently prescribed to patients exhibiting DILI within the month before their first DILI event compared to the total patient population were identified and the probabilities of hepatotoxicity associated with their use were assessed through examination of available reports. Among the 1,835 patients with laboratory test results, 1,023 were male and 1,053 were 65 years of age or older. Moderate DILI was dominant in older or male patients and cholestatic DILI tended to be more frequently identified in older patients of either sex. Cytarabine was the most frequently prescribed drug in DILI patients, followed by aprotinin and dopamine. Among the 30 most frequently prescribed drugs in DILI patients, 15 (50%) were identified as known hepatotoxic agents. In conclusion, this study evaluated differences in features of DILI among groups based on demographics and explored candidate drugs with possible associations with DILI, which has potential value reflecting real-world clinical practice.
Aprotinin
;
Cytarabine
;
Demography
;
Diagnosis
;
Dopamine
;
Drug-Induced Liver Injury*
;
Electronic Health Records*
;
Humans
;
Incidence
;
Liver Function Tests
;
Male
;
Seoul
3.Assessment of Hepatic Cytochrome P450 3A Activity Using Metabolic Markers in Patients with Renal Impairment.
Andrew HyoungJin KIM ; Sumin YOON ; Yujin LEE ; Jieon LEE ; Eunjin BAE ; Hajeong LEE ; Dong Ki KIM ; SeungHwan LEE ; Kyung sang YU ; In Jin JANG ; Joo Youn CHO
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2018;33(53):e298-
BACKGROUND: The renal function of individuals is one of the reasons for the variations in therapeutic response to various drugs. Patients with renal impairment are often exposed to drug toxicity, even with drugs that are usually eliminated by hepatic metabolism. Previous study has reported an increased plasma concentration of indoxyl sulfate and decreased plasma concentration of 4β-hydroxy (OH)-cholesterol in stable kidney transplant recipients, implicating indoxyl sulfate as a cytochrome P450 (CYP) inhibiting factor. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the impact of renal impairment severity-dependent accumulation of indoxyl sulfate on hepatic CYP3A activity using metabolic markers. METHODS: Sixty-six subjects were enrolled in this study; based on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), they were classified as having mild, moderate, or severe renal impairment. The plasma concentration of indoxyl sulfate was quantified using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Urinary and plasma markers (6β-OH-cortisol/cortisol, 6β-OH-cortisone/cortisone, 4β-OH-cholesterol) for hepatic CYP3A activity were quantified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The total plasma concentration of cholesterol was measured using the enzymatic colorimetric assay to calculate the 4β-OH-cholesterol/cholesterol ratio. The correlation between variables was assessed using Pearson's correlation test. RESULTS: There was a significant negative correlation between MDRD eGFR and indoxyl sulfate levels. The levels of urinary 6β-OH-cortisol/cortisol and 6β-OH-cortisone/cortisone as well as plasma 4β-OH-cholesterol and 4β-OH-cholesterol/cholesterol were not correlated with MDRD eGFR and the plasma concentration of indoxyl sulfate. CONCLUSION: Hepatic CYP3A activity may not be affected by renal impairment-induced accumulation of plasma indoxyl sulfate.
Cholesterol
;
Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A*
;
Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System*
;
Cytochromes*
;
Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions
;
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
;
Glomerular Filtration Rate
;
Humans
;
Indican
;
Kidney
;
Metabolism
;
Plasma
;
Spectrum Analysis
;
Transplant Recipients
4.Assessment of radiation exposure from cesium-137 contaminated roads for epidemiological studies in Seoul, Korea.
Yun Keun LEE ; Young Su JU ; Won Jin LEE ; Seung Sik HWANG ; Sang Hyuk YIM ; Sang Chul YOO ; Jieon LEE ; Kyung Hwa CHOI ; Eunae BURM ; Mina HA
Environmental Health and Toxicology 2015;30(1):e2015005-
OBJECTIVES: We aimed to assess the radiation exposure for epidemiologic investigation in residents exposed to radiation from roads that were accidentally found to be contaminated with radioactive cesium-137 (137Cs) in Seoul. METHODS: Using information regarding the frequency and duration of passing via the 137Cs contaminated roads or residing/working near the roads from the questionnaires that were obtained from 8875 residents and the measured radiation doses reported by the Nuclear Safety and Security Commission, we calculated the total cumulative dose of radiation exposure for each person. RESULTS: Sixty-three percent of the residents who responded to the questionnaire were considered as ever-exposed and 1% of them had a total cumulative dose of more than 10 mSv. The mean (minimum, maximum) duration of radiation exposure was 4.75 years (0.08, 11.98) and the geometric mean (minimum, maximum) of the total cumulative dose was 0.049 mSv (<0.001, 35.35) in the exposed. CONCLUSIONS: An individual exposure assessment was performed for an epidemiological study to estimate the health risk among residents living in the vicinity of 137Cs contaminated roads. The average exposure dose in the exposed people was less than 5% of the current guideline.
Epidemiologic Studies*
;
Humans
;
Korea*
;
Radiation Exposure*
;
Seoul*
5.Assessment of radiation exposure from cesium-137 contaminated roads for epidemiological studies in Seoul, Korea.
Yun Keun LEE ; Young Su JU ; Won Jin LEE ; Seung Sik HWANG ; Sang Hyuk YIM ; Sang Chul YOO ; Jieon LEE ; Kyung Hwa CHOI ; Eunae BURM ; Mina HA
Environmental Health and Toxicology 2015;30(1):e2015005-
OBJECTIVES: We aimed to assess the radiation exposure for epidemiologic investigation in residents exposed to radiation from roads that were accidentally found to be contaminated with radioactive cesium-137 (137Cs) in Seoul. METHODS: Using information regarding the frequency and duration of passing via the 137Cs contaminated roads or residing/working near the roads from the questionnaires that were obtained from 8875 residents and the measured radiation doses reported by the Nuclear Safety and Security Commission, we calculated the total cumulative dose of radiation exposure for each person. RESULTS: Sixty-three percent of the residents who responded to the questionnaire were considered as ever-exposed and 1% of them had a total cumulative dose of more than 10 mSv. The mean (minimum, maximum) duration of radiation exposure was 4.75 years (0.08, 11.98) and the geometric mean (minimum, maximum) of the total cumulative dose was 0.049 mSv (<0.001, 35.35) in the exposed. CONCLUSIONS: An individual exposure assessment was performed for an epidemiological study to estimate the health risk among residents living in the vicinity of 137Cs contaminated roads. The average exposure dose in the exposed people was less than 5% of the current guideline.
Epidemiologic Studies*
;
Humans
;
Korea*
;
Radiation Exposure*
;
Seoul*
6.Is the Diagnostic Trial with Proton Pump Inhibitors Reasonable for School Age Children with Gastroesophageal Reflux Symptoms?
Jaeeun YANG ; Jieon LEE ; Hyunju LEE ; Juyeon LEE ; Young Mee YOUN ; Jae Hong CHOI ; Yoon Joo KIM ; Hyun Sik KANG ; Kyoung Hee HAN ; Seung Hyo KIM ; Ki Soo KANG
Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition 2019;22(6):511-517
PURPOSE: On the basis of evidence, we aimed to reevaluate the necessity of the empirical proton pump inhibitor (PPI) trial for children with suspected gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). METHODS: We analyzed the frequency of GERD in 85 school-age children with gastroesophageal reflux (GER) symptoms, who received 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring and/or upper endoscopy. According to the reflux index (RI), the children were classified into normal (RI <5%), intermediate (5%≤ RI <10%), or abnormal (RI ≥10%) groups. RESULTS: Fifty six were female and 29 were male. Their mean age was 12.6±0.5 (±standard deviation) years (range: 6.8–18.6). The RI analysis showed that the normal group included 76 patients (89.4%), the intermediate group included 6 patients (7.1%), and the abnormal group included 3 patients (3.5%). The DeMeester score was 5.93±4.65, 14.68±7.86 and 40.37±12.96 for the normal, intermediate and abnormal group, respectively (p=0.001). The longest reflux time was 5.56±6.00 minutes, 9.53±7.84 minutes, and 19.46±8.35 minutes in the normal, intermediate, and abnormal group, respectively (p=0.031). Endoscopic findings showed reflux esophagitis in 7 patients. On the basis of the Los Angeles Classification of Esophagitis, 5 of these patients were included in group A, 1 patient, in group B and 1 patient, in group C. CONCLUSION: The incidence of GERD was very low in school-age children with GER symptoms. Therefore, injudicious diagnostic PPI trials would be postponed until the actual prevalence of GERD is verified in future prospective studies.
Child
;
Classification
;
Endoscopy
;
Esophageal pH Monitoring
;
Esophagitis
;
Esophagitis, Peptic
;
Female
;
Gastroesophageal Reflux
;
Humans
;
Incidence
;
Male
;
Prevalence
;
Prospective Studies
;
Proton Pump Inhibitors
;
Proton Pumps
;
Protons
7.Cesium-137 Contaminated Roads and Health Problems in Residents: an Epidemiological Investigation in Seoul, 2011
Mina HA ; Young Su JU ; Won Jin LEE ; Seung sik HWANG ; Sang Chul YOO ; Kyung Hwa CHOI ; Eunae BURM ; Jieon LEE ; Yun Keun LEE ; Sanghyuk IM
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2018;33(9):e58-
BACKGROUND: In 2011, two roads in a residential area in Seoul were found to be contaminated with the radionuclide cesium-137 (137Cs). In response to public concerns, an epidemiological study was conducted. METHODS: The standardized cancer incidence ratios in the affected and neighboring regions were calculated based on the central cancer registry. Households in the region were sampled using the random stratified sampling technique, and questionnaires were administered to family members, via home visit and via students in elementary to high schools. Information on duration of residency and frequency of use of the roads was applied to calculate cumulative radiation exposure dose from the roads, alongside with the reported 137Cs contamination amounts. Information on past medical history, perceived risk, anxiety and psychological stress was also obtained. Of the 31,053 residents, 8,875 were analyzed. To examine possible associations between radiation exposure and health problems, logistic regression adjusted for covariates were performed with consideration of the sampling design, population weight and stratification. RESULTS: No significant association was found between self-informed diseases, including cancers, and estimated radiation exposure dose. According to an increase of radiation level, a significant increase in anxiety in all and a decline in the psychosocial wellbeing of the adults was noted. The risk perception level was higher in the elderly, females, the less educated, and the highest exposed individuals. CONCLUSION: This study provides a basis for risk communication with residents and community environmental health policy.
Adult
;
Aged
;
Anxiety
;
Environmental Health
;
Epidemiologic Studies
;
Family Characteristics
;
Female
;
House Calls
;
Humans
;
Incidence
;
Internship and Residency
;
Logistic Models
;
Radiation Exposure
;
Seoul
;
Stress, Psychological
8.Pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of two different 20 mg olmesartan tablets: A randomized, single-dose, two-period crossover study in healthy Korean male volunteers.
Jieon LEE ; Anhye KIM ; Kyung Sang YU ; Jae Yong CHUNG ; Sung Vin YIM ; Bo Hyung KIM
Translational and Clinical Pharmacology 2015;23(2):49-53
Olmesartan is an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) and is widely used in clinical practice to treat hypertension. To compare the pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters and tolerability of two oral formulations of olmesartan (test drug: OMETAN(R) 20 mg tablet, reference drug: OLMETEC(R) 20 mg tablet) and assess their bioequivalence, a randomized, single dose, two-treatment crossover clinical study was conducted. At each period, 40 subjects received the test drug or the reference drug. Blood samples were collected at pre-dose and up to 48 h after study drug administration of each period. Plasma concentrations of olmesartan were measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. To evaluate PK profiles, maximum plasma concentration (C(max)) and area under the concentration-time curve from zero to last measurable time (AUC(last)) were estimated using a non-compartmental method. Tolerability was evaluated based on the incidence of adverse events, vital signs, electrocardiograms, and laboratory tests. A total of 39 subjects completed the study. The geometric mean ratio and 90% confidence intervals (CI) of test drug to reference drug were 1.027 (0.969-1.088) for C(max) and 1.014 (0.957-1.074) for AUC(last), respectively. There were no serious adverse events and both formulations of olmesartan were well tolerated. The OMETAN 20 mg tablet was judged to be bioequivalent to the OLMETEC 20 mg tablet.
Angiotensins
;
Cross-Over Studies*
;
Electrocardiography
;
Humans
;
Hypertension
;
Incidence
;
Male*
;
Mass Spectrometry
;
Pharmacokinetics*
;
Plasma
;
Tablets*
;
Therapeutic Equivalency*
;
Vital Signs
;
Volunteers*
;
Olmesartan Medoxomil*
9.Risk of osteoporosis and fracture in long-term breast cancer survivors
Jieon GO ; Suyeon PARK ; Kyeong Sik KIM ; Min Chang KANG ; Myong Hoon IHN ; Sangchul YUN ; Sang Hyun KIM ; Sung Hoon HONG ; Jong Eun LEE ; Sun Wook HAN ; Sung Yong KIM ; Zisun KIM ; Sung Mo HUR ; Jihyoun LEE
Korean Journal of Clinical Oncology 2020;16(1):39-45
Purpose:
High incidence of osteoporosis has been reported in breast cancer patients due to early menopause triggered by adjuvant treatment and temporary ovarian function suppression. In this study, we sought to determine whether long-term breast cancer survivors had an elevated risk of low bone density compared to the general population.
Methods:
Long-term breast cancer survivors who had been treated for more than 5 years were selected for this study. Data were obtained from medical records and using a questionnaire from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). An agematched non-cancer control group was selected from the KNHANES records. Incidence of fracture and bone mineral density (BMD) were compared between the two groups.
Results:
In total, 74 long-term breast cancer survivors and 296 non-cancer controls were evaluated. The incidence of fracture did not differ between the two groups (P=0.130). No differences were detected in lumbar BMD (P=0.051) following adjustment for body mass index, while hip BMD was significantly lower in breast cancer survivors (P=0.028). Chemotherapy and endocrine treatment were not related to low BMD in breast cancer survivors. In more than half of the survivors, the 10-year risk of osteoporotic fracture was less than 1%.
Conclusion
Long-term breast cancer survivors had low bone density but a comparable risk of fracture compared to non-cancer agematched controls. Further studies on the factors related to low bone density in long-term breast cancer survivors are required.