Objective To explore the surgical modality and safety of hepatectomy for hepatic hemangiomas close adjoining the hepatic portal and vital blood vessels. Methods From June 2005 to June 2010 17patients of hepatic hemangiomas underwent hepatectomy. Data were retrospectively analyzed.Results All the 17 cases were operated on successfully. Six cases were treated with anatomic liver lobectomy including right hemibepatectomy through liver hanging maneuver by anterior approach in 2 cases,under right liver blood vessel blochade and anatomic right posterior hepatectomy in 2 cases, left hemihepatectomy in 2 cases. Eight cases were treated by hemangiomas enucleation, in 3 cases hemangioma was enuleated through liver parenchyma splitting under intermittent hepatic blood inflow exclusion. There was no postoperative mortality, postoperatively pleural effussion occured in 5 cases,wound infection occured in 1 case, and pulmonary infection occured in 1 case, all the cases were cured. Conclusions Different operation styles should be applied according to the position, size of hepatic hemangiomas close adjoining the hepatic portal and the important blood vessels.

Abstract: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) polysaccharides are active polysaccharides extracted from Chinese herbal medicines, many of which exhibit specific biological activities. Modern research has revealed that polysaccharide components extracted from plants, animals, and algae have a significant role in improving kidney injury. Currently, drug therapy is the primary treatment for kidney injury, with few reports on the use of TCM polysaccharides. This review explores the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of TCM polysaccharides on diabetic nephropathy, nephritis, kidney stones, hypertension-induced kidney injury, chemical toxin-induced kidney injury, and drug-induced kidney injury. Additionally, it discusses the prospects for the development of TCM polysaccharides in this field to provide a reference for further research.

Abstract: The genus jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) within the Rhamnaceae family encompasses numerous varieties, such as Ziziphus jujuba Mill. var. jujuba, Ziziphus jujuba var. inermis, and var. spinosa, etc. Among these, the jujube fructus has the most abundant cultivated variants across the country, including Ziziphus jujuba cv. Hamidazao and Ziziphus jujuba cv. Huanghetanzao. Jujube plants are rich in variety and are used for both medicinal and food purposes. Polysaccharides, one of the main active ingredients of jujube, are important medicinal components that contribute to its efficacy. Jujube polysaccharides have been found to promote hematopoiesis, exhibit antioxidant and anti-tumor activities, repair liver damage, regulate the immune system, and provide anti-inflammatory effects. By comprehensively summarizing and analyzing the literature on jujube polysaccharides from different varieties and origins, this paper reviews the potential mechanisms of action of jujube polysaccharides in exerting biological activities. It also summarizes the primary structural features, such as relative molecular mass, monosaccharide composition, glycosidic linkage, and the substituent modifications of jujube polysaccharides by sulfation, phosphorylation, carboxymethylation, selenization, and acetylation. This review aims to provide a reference for the research and development of jujube in the fields of innovative polysaccharide drugs and functional foods.

OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of high-mobility group box 1 protein(HMGB1) -mediated inflammatory pathway HMGB1-Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) /nuclear transcription factor κ B(NF-κ B)on liver injury of rats induced by Tripterygium wilfordii,and to provide reference for clarify the mechanism of liver injury induced by T.wilfordii. METHODS:Totally 24 SD rats were randomly divided into blank group(normal saline,i. g. ),T. wilfordii group(16 g/kg by crude drug,i. g. )and neutralizer group(16 g/kg T. wilfordii crude drug i. g. after i. p injection of 100 mg/kg Ammonium glycyrrhizinate solution 3 h),with 8 rats in each group. All rats were treated for consecutive 3 weeks. The serum levels of AST and ALT in rats were detected every week. After the end of medication,the serum levels of HMGB1,IL-1β,IL-2 and TNF-α were detected by ELISA method;the protein expression of HMGB1,NF-κB p65 and TLR4 in liver tissue of rats were detected by Western blot assay. The pathological changes of liver tissue in rats were measured with HE staining method. RESULTS:After 3 weeks of treatment,the serum levels of AST, ALT,HMGB1,IL-1β,IL-2 and TNF-α in rats,the protein expression of HMGB1,NF-κB p65 and TLR4 in liver tissue of rats in T. wilfordii group were significantly higher than blank group and neutralizer group(P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). Hepatocyte edema was found around the central vein of the liver,and circular vacuoles were seen in some hepatic cytoplasm in T. wilfordii group;only varying size of vacuoles were found in a small number of cells in neutralizer group. CONCLUSIONS:T. wilfordii induced liver injury may be associated with the activation of HMGB1-TLR4/NF-κB inflammation pathway.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was reported at the end of 2019 as a worldwide health concern causing a pandemic of unusual viral pneumonia and many other organ damages, which was defined by the World Health Organization as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The pandemic is considered a significant threat to global public health till now. In this review, we have summarized the lessons learnt during the emergence and spread of SARS-CoV-2, including its prototype and variants. The overall clinical features of variants of concern (VOC), heterogeneity in the clinical manifestations, radiology and pathology of COVID-19 patients are also discussed, along with advances in therapeutic agents.
Humans ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control* ; Global Health ; China/epidemiology*

In carbohydrate chemistry, the stereoselective synthesis of 1,2-cis-glycosides remains a formidable challenge. This complexity is comparable to the synthesis of 1,2-cis-β-D-mannosides, primarily due to the adverse anomeric and Δ-2 effects. Over the past decades, to attain β-stereoselectivity in D-rhamnosylation, researchers have devised numerous direct and indirect methodologies, including the hydrogen-bond-mediated aglycone delivery (HAD) method, the synthesis of β-D-mannoside paired with C6 deoxygenation, and the combined approach of 1,2-trans-glycosylation and C2 epimerization. This review elaborates on the advancements in β-D-rhamnosylation and its implications for the total synthesis of tiacumicin B and other physiologically relevant glycans.
Glycosides ; Mannosides ; Glycosylation ; Stereoisomerism