Objective To observe the clinical effect of metformin and insulin in gestational diabetes mellitus(DM) patients and their effects on neonates.Methods From August 2012 to October 2016,60 patients with gestational diabetes mellitus were divided into control group(n=30) and observation group(n=30) by random number method.The control group was treated with insulin and the observation group was treated with metformin on the basis of the control group.The clinical effect and the effect on neonatal were compared between the two groups.Results The level of glycosylated hemoglobin in the observation group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).In the observation group,the levels of fasting plasma glucose,postprandial blood glucose 2 hours after meals and 4 hours postprandial blood glucose were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in the levels of CysC and Hcy between the two groups before treatment(P>0.05).The incidence of fetal distress,respiratory distress,macrosomia and the incidence of premature delivery were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).The amount of insulin in the observation group was less than that in the control group(P<0.05).The level of CysC and Hcy in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Compared with insulin therapy,metformin could improve the outcome of neonatal patients,which might be worthy to be popularized and used in the treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus.

Vitamin D is classic metabolism regulator of the calcium and phosphorus. Type 2 diabetes is main charac-terized by insulin resistance and beta cell function impairment, which causes insulin secretion defects and synthesis ab-normality. In recent years, studies found close relationship between vitamin D and type 2 diabetes; Many basic re-searches and animal experiments show that vitamin D can improve insulin resistance, protect islet beta cells and have immune regulation effects in the development of type 2 diabetes Diseases. Vitamin D can regulate and control islet function by inhibiting islet beta cell apoptosis, promoting the secretion of pancreatic beta cells and weakening the se-cretion of islet alpha cell. This paper reviewed the research progress in recent years on the correlation between vitamin D and islets function.