Objective:To investigate the principle of compensation speech of patients with cleft palate (CP). Methods: Misarticulation was examined by acoustic analysis technology when pronouncing chinese consonant /t/, /s/ and /d/ in 72 post-operation CP children and 9 normal children. And the pronunciation was characteristiced by the voice starting time(VOT) and the distribution of strong force frequency etc. Results:There were less VOT time and append lower strong force frequency in cleft palate children. Conclusion: The characteristic of pronunciation compensation of the patients with CP is the two-time-disblock. f

Objective: To investigate the rule of the alignment of the major and minor segments of the maxillary alvedar bone in infants with comp lete unilateral cleft palate (CUCP).Methods: 30 models of CUCP were used in the study,Markers on the model were designed.The lenth,width, midline and the malposition of minor and major segments on both sides of the cle ft were measured and analyzed.The models of 9 normal infants were employed as th e controls.Results: In CUCP group,the width of alvelar arc h was found significantly larger ( P

Objective:To investigate the relationship between the structure of TMJ and the craniofacial pattern,occlusion in ClassⅡ1mandibular retrusion children. Methods:TMJ MRI,lateral cephalometric were taken respectively from 30 ClassⅡ1 patients (14 boys and 16 girls,the average age was 10.8?1.1 years). The condyle position and disc position were measured. The correlation of condyle and disc position with craniofacial pattern and occlusion were analyzed metrically and compared with pearson test.Results:There were low positive correlation between MP-SN angle and anterial space. No correlation between posterior-anterior ratio and other data were found. The posterior facial height and Dp-Cc/Cs-Cc angle had low positive correlation. The anterior facial height and Dp-Cc/Cs-Cc、Ca-Ca'、Ca-Cp showed low negative correlation,and little correlation was found between condyle position and overbite and overjet. Overbite had no correlation with disc-condyle-fossa relationship. However,The positive correlation was found between the overjet. and Ca-Dm and Dp-Cc/Cs-Cc,and Pearson coefficient is 0.420 and 0.460.Conclusion:Vertical craniofacial patter has relation to forward displacement of condyle and backward displacement of disc. A deeper overjet is related with a higher risk of abnormal disc-condyle-fossa relationship.

Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) is mainly manifested as perforation of temporomandibular joint disc (TMJD) and destruction of condylar osteochondral complex (COCC). In recent years, tissue engineering technology has become one of the effective strategies in repairing this damage. With the development of scaffold material technology, composite scaffolds have become an important means to optimize the performance of scaffolds with the combined advantages of natural materials and synthetic materials. The gelling method with the minimally invasive concept can greatly solve the problems of surgical trauma and material anastomosis, which is beneficial to the clinical transformation of temporomandibular joint tissue engineering. Extracellular matrix scaffolds technology can solve the problem of scaffold source and maximize the simulation of the extracellular environment, which provides an important means for the transformation of temporo joint tissue engineering to animal level. Due to the limitation of the source and amplification of costal chondrocytes, the use of mesenchymal stem cells from different sources has been widely used for temporomandibular joint tissue engineering. The fibrochondral stem cells isolated from surface layer of articular cartilage may provide one more suitable cell source. Transforming growth factor β superfamily, due to its osteochondrogenesis activity has been widely used in tissue engineering, and platelet-rich derivative as a convenient preparation of compound biological factor, gradually get used in temporomandibular joint tissue engineering. With the deepening of research on extracellular microenvironment and mechanical stimulation, mesenchymal stem cells, exosomes and stress stimulation are increasingly being used to regulate the extracellular microenvironment. In the future, the combination of complex bioactive factors and certain stress stimulation may become a trend in the temporomandibular joint tissue engineering research. In this article, the progress on tissue engineering in repairing COCC and TMJD, especially in scaffold materials, seed cells and bioactive factors, are reviewed, so as to provide information for future research design and clinical intervention.
Animals ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells ; Temporomandibular Joint/surgery* ; Temporomandibular Joint Disc/surgery* ; Tissue Engineering ; Tissue Scaffolds

Objective To investigate the effects of genistein on genioglossus muscle function and nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2(Nrf-2)/antioxidant responsive element(ARE) signaling pathway in rats under chronic intermittent hypoxia(CIH) condition in order to find medication treatment of obstructive sleep apnea/hyponea syndrome.Methods Thirty female Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats (8 weeks old) were randomly(random number table) divided into three groups 1 week after ovariectomy: control group(NC group), CIH group, and CIH+genistein treatment group(T group).Rats in the latter two groups were exposed to CIH for 8 h/d for 5 weeks.Electrophysiological method was used to detect the change of genioglossus muscle function, and real-time reverse transcription(RT)-PCR and Western blotting were used to determine the level of Nrf-2 gene and protein.Results Compared to NC group, the contractive properties of genioglossus muscle fatigue test at every time set was significantly decreased in CIH group(P＜0.05).Compared to CIH group, the contractive properties was significantly increased in T group(P＜0.05).The level of Nrf-2 gene and protein were less in CIH group(0.54±0.11 and 0.35±0.13) than in NC group(1.00±0.00 和 1.00±0.00)(P＜0.05).Compared to CIH group the level of Nrf-2 gene and protein were increased in T group (0.76 ± 0.16 and 0.63 ± 0.14)(P＜0.05), however, it was still less than the level in NC group(P＜0.05).Conclusions CIH attenuates genioglossus muscle fatigue resistance under chronic intermittent hypoxia through Nrf-2/ARE signaling pathway.Genistein protects genioglossus muscle function through up-regulation of the level of Nrf-2 gene and protein.

Ten compounds were isolated and purified from the ethyl acetate fraction of Houttuynia cordata by silica gel and ODS column chromatographies. The chemical structures of the compounds were identified on the basis of physicochemical properties as well as spectral data. These isolated compounds were elucidated as sequinoside L(1), a new phenolic glycoside, together with nine known compounds, including sequinoside K(2), methyl chlorogenate(3), chlorogenic acid(4), hydroquinone(5), vanillic acid(6), hyperin(7), isoquercitrin(8), quercetin(9), and quercitrin(10). In addition, the anti-inflammatory activities of compounds 1-10 were evaluated in LPS-induced RAW264. 7 macrophages. Among them, compounds 1, 2, 6 and 9 showed potent anti-inflammatory activity which was similar to that of positive control dexamethasone.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of the ultrasonic jaw tracking system by comparing with the conventional electronic system in recording condylar movements. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-six subjects with normal occlusion participated in the study. The CADIAX® 4 and Jaw Motion Analyzer (JMA) systems were used to record condylar movement trajectories during mandibular border movements (protrusive/retrusive, lateral, and wide mouth opening), with each movement repeated three times. Both systems used facebows and sensors to locate the condylar axis points and capture movement trajectory data. Paired t-tests were used for normally distributed data, while the Wilcoxon rank-sum test was applied to non-normally distributed data. The level of significance was set at α = .05. RESULTS: The maximum condylar displacement in the sagittal plane during mandibular border movements and the sagittal condylar inclination (SCI) values on both the left and right sides showed no significant difference between the two systems (P > .05). The Bennett angle (BA) values on both the left and right sides measured by the JMA system were significantly higher than those measured by the CADIAX® 4 system (P < .05). The comfort levels of the JMA system were significantly higher than the CADIAX® 4 system (P < .05). CONCLUSION Through this study, it was found that the accuracy of the ultrasonic jaw tracking system was comparable with the conventional electronic system, except for the Bennett angle measurement. In terms of comfort and ease of use, the ultrasonic jaw tracking system is more favored.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of the ultrasonic jaw tracking system by comparing with the conventional electronic system in recording condylar movements. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-six subjects with normal occlusion participated in the study. The CADIAX® 4 and Jaw Motion Analyzer (JMA) systems were used to record condylar movement trajectories during mandibular border movements (protrusive/retrusive, lateral, and wide mouth opening), with each movement repeated three times. Both systems used facebows and sensors to locate the condylar axis points and capture movement trajectory data. Paired t-tests were used for normally distributed data, while the Wilcoxon rank-sum test was applied to non-normally distributed data. The level of significance was set at α = .05. RESULTS: The maximum condylar displacement in the sagittal plane during mandibular border movements and the sagittal condylar inclination (SCI) values on both the left and right sides showed no significant difference between the two systems (P > .05). The Bennett angle (BA) values on both the left and right sides measured by the JMA system were significantly higher than those measured by the CADIAX® 4 system (P < .05). The comfort levels of the JMA system were significantly higher than the CADIAX® 4 system (P < .05). CONCLUSION Through this study, it was found that the accuracy of the ultrasonic jaw tracking system was comparable with the conventional electronic system, except for the Bennett angle measurement. In terms of comfort and ease of use, the ultrasonic jaw tracking system is more favored.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of the ultrasonic jaw tracking system by comparing with the conventional electronic system in recording condylar movements. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-six subjects with normal occlusion participated in the study. The CADIAX® 4 and Jaw Motion Analyzer (JMA) systems were used to record condylar movement trajectories during mandibular border movements (protrusive/retrusive, lateral, and wide mouth opening), with each movement repeated three times. Both systems used facebows and sensors to locate the condylar axis points and capture movement trajectory data. Paired t-tests were used for normally distributed data, while the Wilcoxon rank-sum test was applied to non-normally distributed data. The level of significance was set at α = .05. RESULTS: The maximum condylar displacement in the sagittal plane during mandibular border movements and the sagittal condylar inclination (SCI) values on both the left and right sides showed no significant difference between the two systems (P > .05). The Bennett angle (BA) values on both the left and right sides measured by the JMA system were significantly higher than those measured by the CADIAX® 4 system (P < .05). The comfort levels of the JMA system were significantly higher than the CADIAX® 4 system (P < .05). CONCLUSION Through this study, it was found that the accuracy of the ultrasonic jaw tracking system was comparable with the conventional electronic system, except for the Bennett angle measurement. In terms of comfort and ease of use, the ultrasonic jaw tracking system is more favored.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of the ultrasonic jaw tracking system by comparing with the conventional electronic system in recording condylar movements. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-six subjects with normal occlusion participated in the study. The CADIAX® 4 and Jaw Motion Analyzer (JMA) systems were used to record condylar movement trajectories during mandibular border movements (protrusive/retrusive, lateral, and wide mouth opening), with each movement repeated three times. Both systems used facebows and sensors to locate the condylar axis points and capture movement trajectory data. Paired t-tests were used for normally distributed data, while the Wilcoxon rank-sum test was applied to non-normally distributed data. The level of significance was set at α = .05. RESULTS: The maximum condylar displacement in the sagittal plane during mandibular border movements and the sagittal condylar inclination (SCI) values on both the left and right sides showed no significant difference between the two systems (P > .05). The Bennett angle (BA) values on both the left and right sides measured by the JMA system were significantly higher than those measured by the CADIAX® 4 system (P < .05). The comfort levels of the JMA system were significantly higher than the CADIAX® 4 system (P < .05). CONCLUSION Through this study, it was found that the accuracy of the ultrasonic jaw tracking system was comparable with the conventional electronic system, except for the Bennett angle measurement. In terms of comfort and ease of use, the ultrasonic jaw tracking system is more favored.