Aim To observe the effect of dopamine (DA) and its antagonist on the electrical activities of pain excitation neurons (PEN) in the caudate nucleus (Cd) of morphine dependent rats. Methods The right sciatic nerve was stimulated by train of electrical impulses as noxious stimuli to morphine dependent rats.The electrical discharges of PEN in Cd were recorded with glass microelectrode to observe influences of intracerebroventricular (icv) injection of DA and droperidol on the electrical activities of PEN. Results DA could decrease excitabilities of PEN in Cd of morphine dependent rats. Conclusion Results suggest that the depression of DA on PEN response in Cd of morphine dependent rats might be blocked by droperidol.

Delightful achievements have been obtained in forestry genetic breeding since the application of transgenic technology in this field during the past 20 years. Field trials of some genetic modified (GM) trees have been carried out, and some GM trees have been commercialized. Meanwhile, the risks of ecological safety caused by GM trees have raised attention in the public gradually. These issues mainly include the horizontal transfer and vertical flow of foreign genes, and the potential effects on insects, soil ecosystems and virus. The current status of field trials, commercial applications and the potential ecological risks of GM trees were summarized. Then the prospects of GM trees were also presented.

A 56-year-old female patient of Han nationality presented with generalized erythema and vesicles for 6 days,as well as high fever for 2 days.Twenty days prior to hospitalization,the patient received surgical treatment combined with oral methazolamide and glucocorticoids for glaucoma.The patient had a history of allergy to sulfanilamides.On admission,the patient presented with generalized erythema,vesicles and occasional erosions with bilateral eyelid and oral involvement.Nikolsky's sign was positive.Wheezing sound was heard over the right lung.Genetic testing showed that HLA-B5901 allele was positive.The patient was diagnosed with methazolamide-induced toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) complicated by pneumonia,and managed with immunoglobulin (25 g/day,5 days),glucocorticoids (the largest dose equivalent to methylprednisolone 160 mg/day),fresh plasma,antibiotics,as well as other supporting and symptomatic treatments.The condition was controlled after 2 weeks,and the patient was cured and discharged from hospital after 25 days.The fact that the patient carried HLA-B5901 allele suggests that HLA-B5901 is strongly correlated with methazolamide-induced TEN or Stevens-Johnson syndrome in Chinese descendants or Han population,besides in Japanese and Korean descendants.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the influence of dopamine (DA) and DA receptor's antagonist on the transmission of noxious information in the central nervous system of normal rats or morphinistic rats.

METHODSThe influence of DA on the electric activity of the pain-excited neuron (PEN) in the caudate nucleus (Cd) of normal rats or morphinistic rats was recorded after the sciatic nerve was noxiously stimulated.

RESULTSDA shortened the average latency of the evoked discharge of PEN in the Cd of normal rats, indicating that DA could increase the activity of PEN and pain sensitivity in normal rats. This effect could be inhibited by Droperidol. DA increased the average latency of the evoked discharge of PEN in the Cd of morphinistic rats, indicating that DA could inhibit the activity of PEN and pain sensitivity in morphinistic rats.

CONCLUSIONThe responses to painful stimulation were completely opposite between normal rats and morphinistic rats after the intracerebroventricular injection of DA.

Action Potentials ; drug effects ; physiology ; radiation effects ; Analysis of Variance ; Animals ; Caudate Nucleus ; drug effects ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dopamine ; pharmacology ; Dopamine Antagonists ; pharmacology ; Droperidol ; pharmacology ; Drug Interactions ; Electric Stimulation ; adverse effects ; Female ; Male ; Morphine Dependence ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Neurons ; drug effects ; Pain ; drug therapy ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Pain Threshold ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reaction Time ; drug effects ; physiology ; radiation effects

BACKGROUND: There are a lot of researches on the protective action of calcium channel blocker(CCB) on diabetic peripheral neuropathy, but the dosage and the effect on injured nerve need to investigate further in clinical application.OBJECTIVE: To observe the results of electrophysiologic assessment of the effect of CCB flunarizine at different dosages on Bell' s palsy after 1-month treatment.DESIGN: Randomized grouping, blank control and l-month follow up.SETTING: Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 35 patients with Bell' s palsy, including 19males and 16 females aged from 16 to 58 and the mean age of 32. 8, were selected from Outpatients of the Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital to Nanjing Medical University from November 1999 to May 2001. The course of disease was ≤ 3 days. Patients were without any treatment, and all of the facial nerve palsy was complete. According to random samplings, all patients were divided randomly into control group (basic treatment group) with 12 cases and treatment groups with 10 cases in first subgroup and 13 in second subgroup.METHODS: Basic treatment: 1 mg/kg per day prednisone(the maximal dosage ≤ 60 mg/day) was taken once every day and reducing dosage by half every 5 days, with a course of therapy for 15 days. 500 μg methycobal was taken orally three times a day and 25 mg fursulthiamine also orally three times a day. Ultrashort wave physiotherapy was taken once a day for 15 days. On the basis of the basic treatment, patients in the first subgroup accepted 5 mg flunarizine once every night, and 10 mg flunarizine once every night was given to the patients in the second subgroup. The latency and amplitude of Blink response were checked before treatment and after 1-month treatment.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The latency and amplitude of Blink response in every group after 1-month treatment.RESULTS: According to the imagery analysis, 35 patients entered the resulting analysis. Before treatment, the 3 groups of blink responses were all efferential blocking in facioplegic side, and in addition, R1 and R2 all disappeared. After treatment for 1 month, Blink response of R1, R2 appeared. The latency of R1 and R2 in the second treatment group was better than that in control group[ (9. 608 ± 0. 575) ms, (31. 869 ± 2. 934) ms,(11.208±1.490) ms and (37. 583 ±5. 408) ms, P ＜0.01], but there were no differences in this respect between the first treatment group and the control group. The ipsilateral amplitudes of Blind response in the three groups were not different after 1-month treatment.CONCLUSION: After 1-month treatment with flunarizine(10 mg/day),the recovery of facial nerve function can be promoted, but the protective effect of flunarizine(5 mg/day) on peripheral nerve is not superior to that with normal treatment. The mechanism and the proper dosage are not observed further in this study.

A 16-year-old male presented with a 11-year history of progressively enlarging erythema and crusting on the right cheek.Physical examination revealed an irregularly shaped,sharply marginated,dark erythematous patch sized 6 cm x 10 cm and plaques with mild verrucous proliferation.There were strip-like scar at the margin of lesions and multiple ulcers measuring 0.5 to 1 cm in diameter with firm crusts.No small jellycolored nodules were observed.Direct microscopy of multiple scrapings under the crusts showed many light brown,septate,branching and irregular hyphae.Olivaceous-black woolly colonies grew at 25 C and 35 C on Sabouraud's dextrose agar and potato dextrose agar; flask-shaped conidiogenous cells with funnel-shaped collarettes and ellipsoidal conidia arranged in flower-like shape were observed microscopically.PAS staining showed numerous septate and branching hyphae,pseudohyphae and yeast-like cells.There was a 99.73％ similarity in the species-specific rDNA sequence between the isolate and phialophora verrucosa standard strain CDC-B2152.The patient was diagnosed with cutaneous phaeohyphomycosis caused by Phialophora verrucosa.The lesion subsided after treatment with amphotericin B and itraconazole,but recurred after drug withdrawal.Itraconazole and terbinafine were administered for the retreatment of this patient.

Total 149 strains of endophytic bacteria were isolated from different healthy organisms of Glycyrrhiza inflata Bat. from Xinjiang. The fermented liquids of these strains were screened by TLC and analysed by HPLC, and the glycyrrhizinic acid monoammonium salt was taken as standard control at the same time. Only one endophtytic bacterial stain of Bacillus subtilis could produce Glycyrrhizinic acid monoammonium salt analogue.

The internship is the transition period of a medico becoming a doctor,the cultivation of clinical work ability of interns is a comprehensive ability cultivation which includes the foundation theories' consolidation and use,the practical operative train- ing,the cultivation of clinical thought ability and communication between doctors and patients,etc.To educate pediatrics intern has its characteristics.

Objective The CT features of hepatic abscess (HA) were studied to differentiate form hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods The CT and operative-pathological findings of 78 cases with HA were analyied and compared with the CT appearances of a series proven cases of HCC.Results None of 25 cases had the so-called typical findings such as the marginal"double-target sign"and the even liquidizing necrotic area and containing gas zone within the lesion,53 cases had the central even liquidizing necrotic area,the marginal "Double-target sign",and containing gas zone within the lesion.Most of a typical hepatic abscess were early HA,and the precontrast CT showed nonspecific features.There were characteristic features on contrast CT.They were peripheral multicyst sign,sharp-edged sign spider-like sign,continued enhancement sign.Conclusion The CT features of HA are very valuable for the diagnosis of HA and the differential diagnosis from HCC.

Objective:To evaluate the diagnosis significance of breast mammography assisted by hook-wire localization biopsy for BI-RADSⅣand above negative or non-palpable breast lesions. Methods:A total of 48 cases of mammary molybdenum target with BI-RADSⅣlevel and above but with clinical-touched negative or non-palpable breast lesions (including 4 bilateral lesions and 44 uni-lateral lesions;total of 52 lesions) were used in the mammography aided by hook-wire localization biopsy. Results:Among the 52 le-sions, 13 cases were malignant lesions (single), 6 cases were at Stage 0 (accounted for 46.15%), 5 cases were in Stage I (38.46%), and 2 cases were in StageⅡ(15.39%). The remaining 39 cases were benign lesions. Results showed that the detection rate for breast cancer was 25.0%. A total of 39 cases of benign lesions and 10 cases of malignant lesions were found among mammography BI-RADSⅣpa-tients. Zero cases of benign lesions and 3 cases of malignant change were found among BI-RADS Ⅴ patients. The positive rates of breast cancer among BI-RADSⅣandⅤpatients were 25.64%and 100%, respectively. Conclusion:Breast mammography assisted by hook-wire localization biopsy could precisely excise both BI-RADSⅣandⅤnegative/non-palpable breast lesions. This technique can also improve the quality of life and prognosis of patients. It is a safe, accurate, and low-cost diagnostic method. Thus, breast mammogra-phy assisted by hook-wire localization biopsy must be widely used in clinical applications in China.