AIM: To analyze the electronic product use time, writing time, playing piano time and outdoor activity time and the distribution of myopia in 586 cases of school age children in our hospital. ·METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 586 cases of children aged 6 to 12 years old in the outpatient department was established. Personalized files were used to record the uncorrected visual acuity, optometry, slit lamp, fundus mirror and strabismus. The cumulative use time of electronic products ( including computer, mobile phone, iPad) , writing time, whether to play the piano and outdoor activities time with the eye situation were recorded. Statistical analysis of the age group of myopia, the cumulative use of electronic age in different age groups, writing time, whether playing piano and outdoor activities and the distribution of myopia occurred. · RESULTS: ( 1 ) With the increasing of age, the distribution of uncorrected eyesight was in children mostly mild myopia, and the proportion of mild myopia was significantly higher than that of moderate and high myopia. ( 2 ) Electronic products use time distribution:the proportion of playing electronic products ( including mobilephone, computers, iPad) accounted for 76. 8%, of which 9 years old, 10 years old the cumulative use of electronic products with a long time was higher than other age groups. ( 3 ) Distribution of writing time: the proportion of write homework ≤1h was significantly lower than the proportion of writing homework > 1h (37. 2% vs 62. 8%), of which 9 and 10 years old children cumulative write time was higher than other age group. ( 4 ) Distribution of playing the piano: the proportion of playing piano time less than 1h was significantly higher than the proportion of playing piano time more than 1h ( 89. 1% vs 10. 9%). ( 5 ) Distribution of outdoor activities: the proportion of outdoor activities ≤1h in children at school age was significantly higher than that of outdoor activities > 1h (91. 8% vs 8. 9%). ·CONCLUSION: With the age exposure to electronic products becoming younger, heavy learning tasks and less outdoor activities, myopia occurred in advance of age. So health examination and eye guidance, reducing the amount of work appropriately, increasing outdoor activities will slow the development of early childhood myopia.

OBJECTIVESince glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the most common hereditary hemolytic erythrocyte enzyme deficiency, most cases have single nucleotide mutations in the coding region, and current test methods for gene mutation have some missed detections, this study aimed to investigate the feasibility of RT-PCR sequencing in the detection of gene mutation in G6PD deficiency.

METHODSAccording to the G6PD/6GPD ratio, 195 children with anemia of unknown cause or who underwent physical examination between August 2013 and July 2014 were classified into G6PD-deficiency group with 130 children (G6PD/6GPD ratio <1.00) and control group with 65 children (G6PD/6GPD ratio≥1.00). The primer design and PCR amplification conditions were optimized, and RT-PCR sequencing was used to analyze the complete coding sequence and verify the genomic DNA sequence in the two groups.

RESULTSIn the G6PD-deficiency group, the detection rate of gene mutation was 100% and 13 missense mutations were detected, including one new mutation. In the control group, no missense mutation was detected in 28 boys; 13 heterozygous missense mutations, 1 homozygous same-sense mutation (C1191T) which had not been reported in China and abroad, and 14 single nucleotide polymorphisms of C1311T were detected in 37 girls. The control group showed a high rate of missed detection of G6PD deficiency (carriers) in the specimens from girls (35%, 13/37).

CONCLUSIONSRT-PCR sequencing has a high detection rate of G6PD gene mutation and a certain value in clinical diagnosis of G6PD deficiency.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase ; genetics ; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Mutation ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

AIM: To study the effects of CIK cocultured with DC that pulsed with RCC antigen on renal carcinoma cells.METHODS: DC and CIK cells were generated respectively by cytokines from PBMC of healthy blood donor.Cell surface markers were analyzed by flow cytometry.Then CIK were cocultured with autologous DC that was(or not) pulsed with RCC antigen(786-0 cells).Cytotoxic activity against 786-0 or PC3 cells was measured by MTT assay under three different conditions: CIK cocultured with DC which was pulsed with 786-0 antigen(group A);CIK cocultured with DC which is not pulsed with 786-0 antigen(group B);CIK without DC(group C).RESULTS: The cytotoxic activity of three groups against 786-0 cells was(70.64?8.26)%,(53.40?7.33)%,(46.64?6.01)%,respectively(E/T=(20∶1)).Significant differences between group A and group B or between group A and group C were observed(P

Objective To develop an effective way to evaluate the accurate platelet count in a patient with anticoagulants-induced pseudothrombocytopenia (PTCP).Methods It was studied that various anticoagulants effect on the platelets count for an infrequent patient with anticoagulants-dependent PTCP. When vitamin B6,aminophylline,gentamicin and amikacin were separately added to four anticoagulated blood samples from anticoagulants-dependent patient within 15 min after blood withdrawal,platelets count and morphological changes of blood cells after 4 hours of incubation at room temperature were investigated. The best anti-aggregating agent and its optimal concentration among them were explored.Results The four anticoagulants all could not inhibit the aggregation of the patient's platelets.Only amikaein among the above anti-aggregating agents can prevent and dissociate the aggregation of platelets without apparent morphological changes of blood cells and the platelet counts was stable within 4 hours after blood drawn when amikacin was added either before or after blood sampling.With increasing the concentration of amikaein,the platelet counts increase and then tend to be stable.The optimal concentration of amikacin is 5 mg/ml blood.Conclusions The supplementation of amikaein either before or after blood sampling is a useful method for the diagnosis anticoagulants-dependent PTCP and for the eva/uation of platelet counts in infrequent patients with anticoagulants-dependent PTCP.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of superficial needling therapy for early ankylosing spondylitis and its effect on tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1 (IL-1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6).Methods Eighty patients with early ankylosing spondylitis meeting the inclusion criteria were randomly allocated to treatment and control groups using random number card method with the ratio of 1:1, 40 cases each. The treatment group received superficial needling therapy alone and the control group, conventional treatment with celecoxib capsules, methotrexate tablets and sulfasalazine enteric-coated tablets. Treatment was given for a total of 24 weeks. Bath AS Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), Bath AS Functional Index (BASFI), lumbago, TCM syndrome score, TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6 were observed in the two groups before and after treatment.Results The BASDAI, BASFI, lumbago, TCM syndrome score, TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6 improved in the two groups after treatment compared with those before the treatment (P<0.05). The BASDAI, BASFI, lumbago, TCM syndrome score, TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6 in the treatment group superior to those in the control group after the treatment (P<0.05).Conclusions Superficial needling therapy can relieve the clinical symptoms in patients with early ankylosing spondylitis and improve spinal joint function with good safety. Its mechanism may be related to reducing inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6.

OBJECTIVETo search for a safe and convenient surgical method for management of urethral disruption.

METHODSWe performed urethral realignment for 18 cases of posterior urethral disruption and 4 cases of ruptured bulbous urethra using the urethral guidance probe following bladder puncture stoma.

RESULTSUrethral realignment was accomplished in 21 of the cases, 18 under epidural and 3 under local anesthesia, with the mean blood loss of 20 ml and the average operation time of 18 minutes. Open surgery was necessitated in 1 case due to the complication of bladder rupture. Routine postoperative urethral dilation extended for 3 months, and all the cases were followed up for 3 to 24 months. The maximum urine flow rate was 15-22 ml/s in 13 cases and 10-14 ml/s in 7. One case received urethral anastomosis 3 months later because of urethrostenosis.

CONCLUSIONSUrethral realignment with the urethral guidance probe is a safe, convenient and effective surgical strategy for the management of urethral disruption.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Anastomosis, Surgical ; instrumentation ; methods ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Urethra ; injuries ; surgery ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of Fuzheng Sanjie recipe in regulating tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in Lewis lung cancer mice.

METHODEfforts were made to establish the Lewis lung cancer mouse model, weigh tumors and calculate the anti-tumor rate. The immunohistochemical method was used to examine the infiltration degree of CD68 + in tumor tissues in each group. ELISA was used to examine the content of IFN-γ, TGF-β, IL-4, IL-13, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, TNF-α in mice serum.

RESULTCompared with the tumor-bearing model group, all of the other groups showed higher tumor inhibition rates, i. e. 50.28% for the DDP group, 34.37% for the TCM-preventing group and 66.76% for the Chinese and western medicine group, with statistical difference (P < 0.05), but without statistical difference in the infiltration degree of CD68+. The expressions of the IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-12 in tumor-bearing groups were lower than that in the blank control group, but with higher contents of IL-4, IL-13, TGF-β. Intervened with different drugs, there were significant differences in content among some relevant cytokines (P < 0.05), as well as statistical differences among the TCM prevention group, the Chinese and western medicine group and the tumor-bearing control group (P <0. 05) , but without statistical difference in TNF-α and IL-10 content from the tumor-bearing control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONFuzheng Sanjie recipe could reverse the immune remodeling effect and control the tumor growth by down-regulating the expressions of IL-4, IL-13, TGF-α in lung cancer immune microenvironment and up-regulating the expression of IFN-γ.

Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Interleukin-10 ; blood ; Interleukin-12 ; blood ; Interleukin-13 ; blood ; Lung Neoplasms ; blood ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Macrophages ; drug effects ; immunology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; blood ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; blood

Objective To observe the expression and clinical implication of plasma miR-328 in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).Methods Fifty-eight patients with AF (AF group: 17 paroxysmal AF,21 persistent AF,and 20 permanent AF) and 15 healthy volunteers (Control group) were included.General clinical data and related biochemical parameters were collected.Plasma miR-328 levels were detected with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis.The correlation between plasma miR-328 and AF risk factors was analyzed.Results (1) Compared with the control group,the expression level of plasma miR-328 was significantly elevated in AF group (fold 7.72 ± 9.32) (P ＜ 0.05).(2) In AF group,the expression of plasma miR-328 was significantly different in different type of AF [paroxysmal AF with (1.98 ± 0.81),persistent AF with (6.57 ± 5.82) and permanent AF with (13.47 ± 12.29)] (P ＜ 0.05),and which was increased in proportion to the duration of AF.(3) There was a positive correlation between plasma miR-328 level and left atrial diameter in the AF group (r =0.310,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion miR-328 expression is significantly increased in patients with AF,which may be involved in the atrial remodeling process of AF.

OBJECTIVESTo investigate the association between matrilin-1 gene polymorphism and bracing effectiveness in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis girls.

METHODSIn a prospective study, AIS girls treated with standard bracing from January 2005 to December 2008 were included and followed up. All subjects of the study met the following criteria: female; skeletally immature (Risser sign grade 0 - 3); before menarche or < 1.5 years after menarche; Cobb angle 20 degrees - 40 degrees ; scoliosis caused by congenital, neuromuscular and other cause were excluded; no evidence of bone diseases, metabolic diseases or other condition known to affect bone metabolism; no history of bracing before onset; follow-up with an interval of 3 months, and total follow-up time > 2 years. Subjects met one of the following conditions was excluded: the final follow-up time < 2 years; bad compliance (ratio of the actual daily wearing time to proposed wearing time) of bracing (< 75%); change of bracing without doctor's order. Cobb angle of major curve was recorded before the bracing initiation and at the final follow-up. A progression of 6 degrees or more was considered to be a failure of bracing. The rs1149048 polymorphism in promoter of matrilin-1 gene was chosen for genotyping by PCR-RFLP method. Differences in age at initial visit, Risser sign, Cobb angle and genotype distribution were compared between brace failure and brace success groups.

RESULTSSeventy seven patients with AIS were included, with a mean age at (13.0 +/- 1.5) years and a mean Cobb angle at (30.3 +/- 11.9) degrees . After an average duration of 2.6 years follow-up, mean Cobb angle was 30.3 degrees +/- 11.9 degrees . There were 19 cases (24.7%) in bracing failure and 58 cases (75.3%) in bracing success. The initial Cobb angle was larger in bracing failure group compared with bracing success group (P > 0.05). Patients with double major curve were found to have the lowest bracing failure rate (19.4%), but there was no significant difference compared with other curve patterns. Bracing failure rate was marked higher in individual with genotype GG (66.7%) than that with genotype AA or AG.

CONCLUSIONSProgression of most mild or moderate AIS can be managed by early standardized bracing treatment. It is shown that large initial Cobb angle and genotype GG of matrilin-1 gene are indicative of less bracing effectiveness.

Adolescent ; Braces ; Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein ; Child ; Extracellular Matrix Proteins ; genetics ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Genotype ; Glycoproteins ; genetics ; Humans ; Matrilin Proteins ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Prospective Studies ; Scoliosis ; genetics ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVEHereditary multiple exostoses (HME) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by formation of benign cartilage-capped tumors (exostoses), typically located at the juxtaepiphyseal regions of long bones. It is genetically heterogeneous with at least three chromosomal loci: EXT1 on 8q24.1, EXT2 on 11p11, and EXT3 on 19p. EXT1 and EXT2 have been cloned and are responsible for over 80% of cases. A Chinese family with HME has been analyzed in the present study.

METHODSLinkage analysis was firstly performed to determine which of the three EXT genes could be the candidate gene, then mutation screening by PCR and direct sequencing was carried out.

RESULTSA novel nonsense mutation (c.1006C>T) in exon 6 of EXT2, which converts the codon CAA (Gln) to the stop codon (TAA) (Gln336X), was identified. Next, prenatal diagnosis was performed and the pregnancy was determined to be normal.

CONCLUSIONA new EXT2 nonsense mutation was found in a Chinese family with hereditary multipe exostoses. The information was used for a case of prenatal diagnosis.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Codon, Nonsense ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Exons ; genetics ; Exostoses, Multiple Hereditary ; genetics ; Family ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mutation ; N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases ; genetics ; Pedigree