[Objective] To investigate the correlation of ulnar variance with gender and age. [Method]Two hundreds healthy volunteers were randomly selected,right handedness,including 117 men,83 women,aged 18 to 84 years old,with an average age of 41.7~16.4.They had no previous history of acute or chronic disease of the wrist and no wrist or forearm fracture history.All the volunteers were randomly selected for unilateral or bilateral wrist X-ray.A total of 309 valid results were obtained.Numerical ulnar variance were divided into groups according to gender,age and left or right hand for statistical analysis.[Result]Among the volunteers,the incidence of ulnar variance were: 48.9% positive,39.8% neutral,and 11.3% negative.Among the male volunteers,the incidence of ulnar variance were: 50.0% positive,39.2% neutral,10.8% negative.Among the female volunteers,the incidence of ulnar variance were: 47.4% positive,40.6% neutral,and 12.0% negative.With the age increasing,the incidence of positive and negative ulnar variance on increased,but that of the neutral variance decreased.There was no significant difference between males and females.The incidence of ulnar variance of the left side were: 49.7% positive,39.3% neutral,and 11.0% negative.The incidence of the right side were 48.2% positive,40.6% neutral,and 11.5% negative.The incidence of ulnar variance showed no significant difference between the two sides.[Conclusion](1) In healthy people,the positive and neutral ulnar variance are more commonly seen than the negative variance.(2) With the growth of age,the ulnar variance tends to change dynamically.(3) In healthy people,the distribution of the ulnar variance at the same age shows no significant difference between men and women.(4) In healthy people,the distribution and change of the ulnar variance are not influenced by the daily activities of the wrist.

Candida albicans ; genetics ; pathogenicity ; Extracellular Matrix ; metabolism

Objective To evaluate the relationship between cranial CT characteristics and prognosis after first-ever primary supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage (PSICH). Methods The data of clinic and CT in patients with first-ever PSICH were registered prospectively and followed up for 6 months. The relationship between the prognosis and the clinic data was analyzed using univariate and multivariate Logistical regression analysis.Results (1) The volume of hematoma was an independent CT predictor of death at 1st, 3rd and 6th month. (2) Both the volume of hematoma and secondary ventricular hemorrhage were independent CT predictors of death/disability at 6th month.Conclusions (1)The volume of hematoma can be used to predict death in patients with PSICH.(2)The volume of hematoma and secondary ventricular hemorrhage can be used to predict the death/disability rate of PSICH.

Objective To explore the constitutional characteristics and risk in tinnitus patients. Methods The inclusion criteria were established on the basis of requests of constitution research. Those patients from the tinnitus clinic of Yueyang Hospital of Shanghai University of Chinese Medicine with the tinnitus as the chief complaint were included in accordance with the "Scale of TCM Constitution" to analyze the constituent ratio of various constitution types. Results There were 147 cases of gentleness type (29.64%),349 cases of biased constitution (70.36%),including 77 cases of yang-deficiency type (15.52%),37 cases of qi-deficiency type (7.46%),12 cases of yin-deficiency type (2.42%),11 cases of phlegm-damp type (2.22%),4 cases of special diathesis type (0.81%),156 cases of other type based on qi-deficiency type (31.45%),and 52 cases of other type based on yang-deficiency type (10.48%). The incidence of tinnitus was positively correlated with the patients' age. The patients mainly distributed in over 55 years of age. Gentleness type,qi-deficiency type,yang-deficiency type,other type based on qi-deficiency type,and other type based on yang-deficiency type were mainly distributed in course of disease in 0~3 months and 1~5 years. In the distribution of chronic-acute onset,all cases were chronic. Conclusion Qi-deficiency constitution and yang-deficiency constitution are the main constitutional types and risk factors for tinnitus. It is significant to improve qi-deficiency constitution and yang-deficiency constitution for treating and preventing tinnitus.

Adult ; Colorimetry ; instrumentation ; Computer-Aided Design ; Dental Implants, Single-Tooth ; Humans ; Male ; Orthodontic Appliance Design ; Prosthodontics ; instrumentation ; methods

Objective To investigate new cases of endemic cretinism in high-risk areas of Inner Mongolia, the prevalence of endemic goiter, the implementation of comprehensive measures, and to provide scientific basis for developing control strategies against iodine deficiency disorders (IDD). Methods In 2007 and 2008, a search for new cretin cases was conducted among children under the age of 10 in 11 historical serious epidemic cretinism prevalent areas of Songshan district, Keshiketeng qi, Kalaqin qi, Zhalaite qi, Zhuozi county,Liangcheng county, Qingshuihe county, Helin county, Dongsheng district, Zhungeer qi and Yinjinhuoluo qi. Three to 5 towns were selected in each qi(county, district) and 3 to 5 village primary schools were selected in each town.One hundred and twenty to 200 children aged 8 to 10 were selected in each school to inspect thyroid by B ultrasound and palpation and to test intelligence and urinary iodine. Two villages were selected in each town and 30 households were selected to determine urinary iodine of housewives and salt iodine. Results A total of 56 cases of suspected cases of endemic cretinism were found from the 11 counties but no case was confirmed. The goiter rate of children aged 8 to 10 was 5.2% (309/5922) by palpation and 4.3% (252/5922) by B-ultrasound. The median urinary iodine of children aged 8 to 10 was 241.5 μg/L, and urinary iodine was 100 to 300 μg/L, accounted 65.9%(3901/5920). Median urinary iodine of the 9 Qis(counties, districts) was in the range of 200 and 300μg/L.Higher than 5% of the 11 Qis(counties, districts) with urinary iodine lower than 50 μg/L was zero. Higher than 10% of the 11 Qis(counties, districts) with urinary iodine lower than 100 μg/L was 1. The median urinary iodine of housewives was 225.6 μg/L, and lower than 50 μg/L accounted for 2.2%(35/1597). Higher than 10% of the 11 Qis(counties, districts) with urinary iodine lower than 100 μg/L was 4. A total of 2109 households were investigated and 97.45%(2055/2109) of them ate iodized salt and 2.55%(54/2109) of them ate non-iodized salt. Conclusions In the 11 investigated counties, goiter rate of children has decreased to less than 10%, and no new cretin was found. It could be concluded that the fulfillment of prevention and control of IDD is effective. The iodine nutrition of children and women of childbearing age is in an adequate level. The coverage rate of iodized salt has maintained at a higher level, the sales network is sound, the salt price is reasonable and salt is easy to get and the children's intelligence is protected effectively. But, the health education about IDD is still weak, need to be reinforced.

Ear ; Eosinophilic Granuloma ; Facial Neoplasms ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Parotid Gland

Adolescent ; Adult ; Burns, Inhalation ; etiology ; therapy ; Explosions ; Female ; Gases ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

Objective To analyze the clinical and imaging features of 2 siblings with leukoencephalopathy due to NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone)flavoprotein 2 (NDUFV2) gene mutation,in order to better understand and diagnose it earlier.Methods Clinical and follow-up data of the proband and his brother were collected.Clinical features including symptoms,signs and cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were analyzed,and 2 patients were followed up for a long time.Sanger sequencing,targeted next generation sequencing,and whole exome sequencing were performed to identify potential genetic variations in the 2 patients and their parents.Results (1) Clinical characteristics and follow-up:ages of onset were 4 months and 1 year respectively.Both of the patients presented rapid motor regression hyperinyotonia,positive pathological character.During the follow-up the condition became stable,motor function and cognition improved gradually after cocktail therapy.(2) Brain MRI of the 2 patients showed prominent abnormalities in deep cerebral white matter,presenting T1 hypointense,T2 and fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) hyperintense in the periventricular area.FLAIR images revealed that the abnormal white matter was partially rarefied and cavitated.Diffusion weighted images (DWI) showed high signals along the periphery of the involved areas.The follow-up MRI showed the cavitation still existed and even expanded,and DWI showed regional linear or spotty high signals around the original lesions.(3) Novel mutations in NDUFV2 gene,c.467T>A and c.404G>C,were identified in proband and his brother.The former inherited from his father,while the latter inherited from his mother,which was the new mutation not reported in the international.Conclusions The clinical features of the brothers presented subacute leukoencephalopathy with relatively stable or improved outcome.This was distinctive from the phenotypic features reported in 12 cases with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy or Leigh syndrome.The finding expanded the phenotypic spectrum of NDUFV2 mutations.Pathogenic gene of these patients which is the basis of genetic counseling for this family was determined.

Objective To explore the advantages and application of adjustable shunt valve in treatment of chil-dren with Communicating hydrocephalus. Methods Eighty six consecutive children undergoing surgery treatment for Communicating hydrocephalus from January 2006 to July 2011 were included in this retrospective study. Fifty cases re-ceived adjustable shunt valve whereas the rest received standard shunt valve. Results The success rate was 84.00% in the adjustable shunt valve group and 63.89%in the standard shunt valve group. Complication rate was 16.00%in the ad-justable shunt valve group and 36.11% in the standard shunt valve group. Inadequate and excessive shunt rate was 69.23% in the standard shunt valve group and zero% in adjustable shunt valve group. Compared with standard shunt valve group, adjustable shunt valve group had significantly higher success rate and lower complication rate (All P<0.05). Conclusions Adjustable shunt valve effectively reduce the complication rate and improve the success rate. In addition, adjustable shunt valve is superior to standard shunt valve in the treatment of children with communicating hydrocephalus because it fits for the development of children.