Objective:To investigate the adverse drug reactions ( ADR) caused by carbapenem antibiotics and discuss the influen-cing factors to provide reference for the rational use of carbapenems in clinics. Methods:The ADR caused by carbapenems from March 1, 2008 to August 1, 2014 in our hospital were statistically analyzed. Results:Totally 73 cases of ADR were caused by carbapenems. The number of ADR for men and women was similar. The ADR occurred in 80-year-old people with more frequency. The incidence of ADR on the first day of administration was relative high. The ADR were mainly manifested as skin and appendages disorders and nerve system damage. Conclusion: Great attention should be paid to the ADR of carbapenems and the state of patients. The medication should be adjusted in the patients with declined renal function and nerve system basic diseases in order to reduce the damage of ADR.

Objective To explore the correlation between the strength of trunk flexors and extensors obtained by isometric and isokinetic concentric tests. Methods The strength of trunk extensors and flexors were measured by isometric and isokinetic concentric tests during trunk flexion and extension in 50 healthy subjects, and the peak torque of flexion and extension (FPT and EPT) and the ratios of FPT/EPT were analyzed with correlation and regression analysis. Results The FPT and EPT of trunk flexors and extensors were positively correlated (r_F=0.827,P0.05, respectively), the regression equations of FPT and EPT were y^=8.158+1.097X and y^=-12.375+0.781X, respectively. Conclusion The isometric test of the trunk extensors and flexors could assess accurately the changes of the trunk muscle strength without aggravating pain and diseases. It is more reasonable to evaluate the stability of trunk with the FPT/EPT ratio at neutral position.

The safety of Chuangyuling (CYL) dressing-a multifunctional medicine carrying biomaterial was evaluated in order to provide foundation for the application of CYL as material used in the wound healing. The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) extract solution was compounded with scaffolds (gelatin and Bletilla hyacinthine gum), and then frozen and dried to form spongy and porous material CYL. According to the standard of biological evaluation of medical devices that was instituted by the ministry of health of China, the biological evaluation of CYL dressing was conducted. The results showed that all the contents of biological evaluation test consisting of acute toxicity, skin irritation, sensitization and cytotoxicity met the requirement of standards. It was concluded that the biomaterial carrying TCM (CYL dressing) is safe for application of wound healing.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal/*administration & dosage ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/toxicity ; Gelatin ; Occlusive Dressings ; Phytotherapy ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; Wound Healing/*drug effects

Objective To investigate the effect of nitric oxide(NO)on the prostatic proliferation/apoptosis in rat models. Methods Twenty adult male rats were randomly divided into 3 groups.Group 1 were normal controls (n=6);group 2 (n=7) and group 3 (n=7) were treated with subcutaneous injection of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor-L-NG-Nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME) 50mg/kg and 100mg/kg, bid, respectively.The weight of the prostate was measured after 2 weeks and morphological changes were examined with light microscope.Detection of ki-67 and TUNEL in prostatic epithelial cells were undertaken so as to assess the proliferation and apoptosis index.The protein and mRNA expression of NOS were analyzed by means of immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR. Results The prostate weight of 3 groups was not significantly different.Compared with group 1, remarkable atrophy of prostatic epithelial cells,marked decrease in proliferation rate of epithelial and interstitial cells, and significant increase in apoptosis rate of epithelial cells were noted in group 2 and group 3 (P

AIM: To study the influences of P1 promoter activity of furin gene on the functions of hepatocytes in patients with liver cirrhosis.METHODS: The patients with liver cirrhosis of 180 cases were recruited.The single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP-229 C/T) in P1 promoter of furin gene was genotyped using competitively differentiated polymerase chain reaction.The relationships between the promoter activity based on genotyping and the serum levels of liver enzymes,total bilirubin,albumin and prothrombin were observed.RESULTS: The distribution frequencies of allele C and T were 75.3%(271/360) and 24.7%(89/360).Those of genotypes CC,CT and TT were 62.2%(112/180),26.1%(47/180) and 11.7%(21/180),respectively.The distribution frequencies of the genotypes were not related to the serum levels of major liver enzymes,albumin,total bilirubin and prothrombin,except for alkaline phosphatase and ?-glutamyl transferase.CONCLUSION: The activity of furin promoter exerts no effects on the main functions of hepatocytes,suggesting that furin may be a new therapeutic target for HBV infection.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of ticagrelor and clopidogrel in patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CHD) and hyperhomocysteinemia (Hhcy).Methods:A total of 101 patients with CHD complicated with HHcy who had successfully undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were enrolled. They were divided into ticagrelor group ( n=49) and clopidogrel group ( n=52) according to the different antiplatelet drugs used. The clinical data of the two groups were collected, and the incidence of major cardiovascular and cerebrovascular adverse events (MACCE) and bleeding events in one year were compared between the two groups. Results:There was no statistical difference in baseline datas and PCI datas between the clopidogrel and ticagrelor groups ( P>0.05). Compared with clopidogrel group, ticagrelor can reduce the total MACCE (8.16% vs 32.69%, P<0.05) and the incidence of unstable angina pectoris events (0 vs 13.46%, P<0.05) in patients with hyperhomocysteinemia PCI 1 year after operation. The incidences of ischemic stroke, unstable angina pectoris, recurrent myocardial infarction, and cardiogenic death were compared separately between the two groups, and the difference was not statistically significant ( P>0.05). The incidence of major bleeding events, minor bleeding events, and minimal bleeding events were similar between the two groups, and the difference was not statistically significant (4.08% vs 0; 4.08% vs 1.92%; 20.41% vs 9.62%; P>0.05). Conclusions:In patients with CHD and Hhcy, ticagrelor can play a better antithrombotic effect, reduce the incidence of ischemic events, and has good security, which is more worthy of clinical recommendation.

AIM:To investigate the role of p38 MAPK signaling pathway in the receptor-mediated endocytosis.METHODS:The effects of p38 MAPK on the receptor-mediated endocytosis were observed by using Alexa 594-conjugated Transferrin,in the presence of p38 specific inhibitor SB203580 or ERK pathway specific inhibitor PD98059,or using p38 knockout techniques.RESULTS:In the process of receptor-mediated endocytosis,p38 was activated by phosphorylation.Furthermore,the receptor-mediated endocytosis was inhibited by pretreatment with SB203580 or p38 knockout,while pretreatment with PD98059 had no effect on this process.CONCLUSION:p38 MAPK signaling pathway plays a role in the regulation of receptor-mediated endocytosis.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of double contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (DCUS) in the macroscopic classification of rectal carcinoma. Methods Seventy-one patients with rectal carcinoma were examined by ultrasound after intrarectal infusion and intravenous bolus injection of SonoVue preoperatively. And three types were divided according to the shape of the tumor:protruding type, ulcerative type and invasive type. After surgery, DCUS and perfusion contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (PCUS) were compared with final pathologic results respectively, and the relationship between general tumor type and TN staging were analyzed.Results The accuracy of DCUS [88.7%(63/71) ] in macroscopic classification of rectal carcinoma was significantly higher than that of PCUS [73.2%(52/71) ](χ2=5.534,P<0.05). For the invasion depth into the intestinal wall, the protruding type was mainly in T1, T2 and T3 stages while ulcerative and invasive type in T2, T3 and T4 stages (χ2=12.322, P<0.05 ). For the stage of lymph node, the protruding type was mainly in N0 and N1 while ulcerative and invasive type in N1 and N2(χ2=6.733,P < 0.05 ). Conclusions DCUS, with its high accuracy, is a new valuable method for macroscopic classification of rectal carcinoma.In the aspect of intestinal wall invasion and the lymph node, protruding type is less severe than ulcerative type and invasive type.

This paper is aim to investigate the pharmacokinetics and absolute bioavailability of neoline in Beagle dogs, and provide a theoretical basis for further study. Ethyl acetate was used for liquid-liquid extracting after 10% ammonia alkalizing. The method of UPLC-Q-TOF-MS was established for the determination of neoline plasma concentrations. Beagle dogs were orally or intravenously administered with neoline for pharmacokinetic and absolute bioavailability study. Good linear relationship of neoline was found over the range of 0.1-4 mg x L(-1) (R2 = 0.9982) and 2-100 microg x L(-1) (R2 = 0.9945). Intra-and inter-day precision, expressed as the relativestandard (RSD) were less than 5.0%. Accuracy, expressed as the relative error (RE) was within 90.0%-115%. The recovery of neoline in dog plasma was more than 80%. After 6 mg x kg(-1) for ig and 1 mg x kg(-1) for iv administration of neoline, the main pharmacokinetic parameters were analyzed with Winnonlin software. t(1/2) were (313.88 +/- 63.18), (236.33 +/- 229.84) min, and AUC(0-infinity) were (58,027.40 +/- 14,132.69), (473,578.02 +/- 82,333.08) min x microg x L(-1) for ig and iv administration respectively. The absolute bioavail ability was (73.15 +/- 10.29) %. The method of UPLC-Q-TOF-MS described in the report was sensitive, reliable and specific, and suitable for pharmacokinetic study of neoline in Beagle dog. The high absolute bioavailability of neoline in dog suggested good absorption of neline which was worth of further investigation.
Aconitine ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Animals ; Biological Availability ; Dogs ; Drug Stability ; Female ; Male

Objective To investigate the causations, management and prevention methods on the complications of hysteroscopic procedures. Methods Retrospective analysis of 36 cases with hysteroscopic complication, focusing on their characteristics and clinical management as well as prevention methods during the ten years from 1993 to 2004. Results Among 36 cases, 11 cases with uterine perforation and incomplete perforation, which happened during the complicated procedures, were treated by both laparoscopy and laparotomy. Five cases with heavy bleeding were encountered because of the deeply injury to the uterine wall and Foley catheter was inserted into uterine cavity and it stopped the bleeding successfully except in one case done by hysterectomy. Three cases with fluid overload syndrome were cured by using diuretic agent and saline infusion. There is no serious consequence in one case with air embolism due to prompt diagnosis and treatment. Four cases with postablation-sterilization syndrome were treated effectively by performing hysterectomy plus single or bilateral salpingectomy, dilating cervical canal as well as resecting adhesions. Twelve cases with adhesion inside uterine cavity followed hysteroscopy were also treated by dilating cervical canal, underwent adhesionlysis and hysterectomy. Conclusions The potential factors causing complications of hysteroscopy include complicated procedures inside uterine cavity, higher pressure of irrigation, deep injury of endometrium as well as incomplete removal of endometrium during hysteroscopic operations. It is the necessary measures to reduce the complications by performing laparoscopy or B ultrasound monitoring simultaneously, standardizing the procedure and strengthening postoperation management.