Objective To evaluate reverse effect of recombinant human Endostatin on drug-resistance of A549/DDP cells to cisplatin (DDP). Methods Lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 and its DDP-resistant cell line A549/DDP were treated with DDP and recombinant human Endostatin. Difference in drug resistance was analyzed between different regimens ( DDP, Endostatin and combination) and between different cell lines ( human lung adenocarcinoma A549 and drug resistant A549/DDP), after a 72h-treatment in vitro. Reverse effect of recombinant human Endostatin on drug-resistance of A549/DDP to DDP was tested by MTT assay. Results The observed 50% inhibitory concentration ( IC50 ) was (0.72 ± 0.05 ) ug/ml against A549 and ( 11.54 ± 0.64)against A549/DDP in DDP, and (2.0 ± 0.1 ) μg/ml against A549/DDP in rh-Endostatin- DDP combination respectively, with a reversal fold (RF) of 5.77 and a relative reversal rate of 88. 2%. Conclusion rh-Endostatin may reverse drug-resistance of A549/DDP cells to DDP.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine on prevention of emergence agitation in adult patients during recovery period after abdomen surgery.Methods 1 20 ASA I -II patients scheduled for elective abdominal surgery under general anesthesia were randomly divided into three groups:dexmedetomidine group (group A),midazolam group (group B)and the saline control group (group C),40 cases in each group.40min before the end of surgery,dexmedetomidine 0.6μg/kg was continued intravenous infusion 1 0min in group A,midazo-lam 30μg/kg and 1 mL physiological saline were respectively intravenously injected in group B and group C.The post-operative recovery room (PACU)of restlessness,sedation,blood pressure,SpO2 and extubation time were observed. Results In of midazolam group,the time of anesthesia recovery[(1 8.2 ±1 .9)min],extubation[(32.1 ±3.9)min] and PACU staying[(48.7 ±3.1 )min]were significantly longer compared with the dexmedetomidine group[(1 3.1 ± 2.4)min,(26.5 ±2.2)min and (39.8 ±3.4)min,P =0.023,0.040 and 0.003]and the saline group[(1 2.6 ± 2.3)min,(24.8 ±2.9)min and (38.6 ±4.3)min,P =0.01 7,P =0.023 and P =0.001〗.The postoperative seda-tion scores of dexmedetomidine [(2.3 ±0.2 )points,P =0.025 ]and midazolam group [(2.4 ±0.1 )points,P =0.020]were significantly higher than the saline control group[(1 .1 ±0.5)points].The postoperative agitation score of dexmedetomidine (1 .3 ±0.5)points was lower than midazolam group [(2.5 ±0.5)points,P =0.01 1 ]and the saline control group[(2.4 ±0.6)points,P =0.020].HR and MAP of three groups at 2 min before extubation were observed,in the immediate extubation and at 5 min after extubation,the HR of dexmedetomidine group[(62.7 ± 4.1 )times/min,(67.3 ±3.4)times/min and (63.2 ±4.3)times/min]was significantly delayer than midazolam group [(72.3 ±3.4)times/min,(84.9 ±5.3)times/min and (82.1 ±3.1 )times/min],(P =0.002,P =0.001 and P =0.001 )and the saline control group [(73.6 ±2.9 )times/min,(85.3 ±4.7 )times/min and (83.3 ± 4.5)times/min],(P =0.001 ,P =0.023 and P =0.038)at the three time.In the immediate extubation,the MAP of patients in dexmedetomidine group[(87.3 ±4.2)mmHg)]was lower than midazolam group[(93.1 ±4.3)mmHg, P =0.001 ]and the saline control group[(95.6 ±5.8)mmHg,P =0.001 ].At 5 min after extubation,the MAP of patients in both of dexmedetomidine[(84.5 ±3.1 )mmHg)]and midazolam[(85.1 ±2.9)mmHg]group were lower than that in the saline control group[(92.3 ±4.6)mmHg,P =0.023 and P =0.038〗.Conclusion Dexmedetomi-dine could be one of the ideal drug to relieve emergence agitation in adult patients during recovery period after abdo-men surgery and the curative effect is better than midazolam.

PCR/ASO probes were applied to analyse the T-786C polymorphisms in 5′-flanking region of endothelial nitric oxide synthase(eNOS)gene in type 2 diabetic patients with or without nephropatby and healthy individuals.The results showed that the T-786C polymorphisms of eNOS gene seemed to be related to diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes.

This study is to observe the protection of gross saponins of Tribulus terrestris (GSTT) on cardiocytes impaired by adriamycin (ADR) and approach its mechanism of action. Cardiocytes of neonate rat were cultivated for 72 hours and divided into normal control group, model (ADR 2 mg x L(-1)) group, and GSTT (100, 30, and 10 mg x L(-1)) groups. MTT colorimetric method was deployed to detect cardiocyte survival rate, activities of CK, LDH, AST, SOD, MDA and NO were detected, and apoptosis was detected with flow cytometry. Effect of GSTT on caspase-3 was detected with Western blotting. Compared with control group, contents of CK, LDH, AST, MDA and NO were increased, and activity of SOD was reduced (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, P < 0.001) by ADR. Numbers of survival cells were increased (P < 0.05, P < 0.001), contents of CK, LDH, AST, MDA and NO were decreased, and activity of SOD was increased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, P < 0.001) by GSTT (100 and 30 mg x L(-1)). Apoptosis of cardiocytes and concentration of caspase-3 can be reduced by GSTT (100 and 30 mg x L(-1)). GSTT can protect cardiocytes impaired by ADR, which are possible involved with its effect of resisting oxygen free radical.
Animals ; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic ; toxicity ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; metabolism ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Creatine Kinase ; metabolism ; Doxorubicin ; toxicity ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; metabolism ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; cytology ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Saponins ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; Tribulus ; chemistry

T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is the hematological malignancy of bone marrow characterized by the rapid proliferation and subsequent accumulation of immature T lymphocyte and mainly occurs in children and adolescents. In 1991, a kind of activating mutation of Notch 1 was found in a subset of T-ALL with chromosomal translocation t(7;9) for the first time. During the past 20 years since then, understanding of the relationship between Notch 1 activating mutation and T-ALL has been deepened and widened. This review briefly discusses the four main subtypes of Notch 1 activating mutations, also focuses on how these mutations change the normal signaling pathways and genes expression during their participation in the pathogenesis of T-ALL, and how these insights will promote the development of newly targeting therapies for patients with this aggressive form of leukemia.
Humans ; Mutation ; Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; etiology ; genetics ; Receptor, Notch1 ; genetics

Objective To compare the prophylactic efficacy of combination of ganciclovir and acy- clovir or acyclovir alone against cytomegalovirus pneumonia in renal transplant recipients.Methods A to- tal of 217 renal transplant recipient(124 men and 93 women;mean age,32 years;age range,16-72 years) were divided into 3 groups randomly.In 51 cases,acyclovir was taken orally at a dose of 400 mg,3/d,from the third d to 3 months after transplantation.In 74 cases,ganciclovir was administered at a dose of 250 mg/d intravenously from the 21st d to 27th d to replace Acyclovir.In 92 cases,no prophylaxis against eytomegalov- irus pneumonia was performed.All patients were followed 3 months after transplantation.Comparison of the incidence rates of cytomegalovirus pneumonia among the 3 groups was performed using Fisher's exact test. Results Cytomegalovirus pneumonia developed in 20 cases in the 3 groups,including 4 cases(5.4%) in combined use group,2 cases(3.9%)in acyclovir alone group,and 14 cases(15.2%)in control group. Significant difference existed between the 2 experimental and control groups(P＜0.05).However,no signifi- cant difference existed between the 2 experimental groups(P＞0.05).Of the 20 cases,17(85.0%)were cured,and 3 died of respiratory failure.Conclusions Ganciclovir and acyclovir have prophylactic effect a- gainst cytomegalovirus pneumonia in renal transplant recipients.These 2 medications are inexpensive,and the patients have good compliance.

Objective To clone and express a high mobility group box 1(HMGB1)protein of Schistosoma japonicum(Main-land strain)and analyze its function. Methods The DNA fragment of open reading frame encoding Sj HMGB1 protein was ampli-fied by RT-PCR from the mRNA of S. japonicum worms,then it was subcloned into the expression vector pET28a(+)to form the recombinant expression plasmid SjHMGB1-pET28a. The recombinant expression plasmid was transformed into the component E. coli BL21(DE3),and the tranformant containing recombinant expression plasmid was induced with IPTG to express the recombi-nant protein SjHMGB1. The recombinant SjHMGB1 protein was purified by affinity chromatography with nickel chelating affinity chromatography agarose gel. The Gel retard experiment and animal immunization were performed to analyze the DNA binding ca- pacity and the immunologic property of recombinant SjHMGB1. The expression levels of HMGB1 in different life cycle stages of S. japonicum were analyzed by Western bloting and RT-PCR. Female ICR mice were immunized with the recombinant SjHMGB1 pro-tein and infected with 45±2 cercariae of S. japonicum after three immunizations. Forty-two days post-infection,the worms and eggs of S. japonicum were recovered from the portal vein and liver tissue,respectively. The worm and egg reduction rates were calculat-ed respectively. Results A 530 bp of specific DNA fragment was amplified from mRNA of S. japonicum by RT-PCR,which was the open reading frame(ORF)encoding SjHMGB1protein confirmed by DNA sequencing analysis. The recombinant expression plasmid SjHMGB1-pET28a was constructed by cloning the ORF of SjHMGB1 into a expression vector pET28a(+). The bacterium transformants containing the recombinant plasmid expressed a soluble recombinant protein about 28 kDa after induced by IPTG, and the recombinant SjHMGB1 protein was purified by nickel chelating affinity chromatography. The gel retard experiment showed that the recombinant SjHMGB1 protein could bind to both supercoiled DNA and linear DNA,and the recombinant protein immu-nized mice produced high titers of antiserum IgG. Western bloting indicated that the recombinant SjHMGB1 protein was recognized specifically by the S. japonicum-infected mice serum. Above results showed that the recombinant SjHMGB1 protein possessed both functional activity and immunogenicity as the natural protein. RT-PCR and Western blot results showed that SjHMGB1 was abun-dantly expressed in the adult and egg stages whereas barely detectable in the cercaria stage. The immune protection experiment showed that the recombinant SjHMGB1 induced mice to produce high titers of specific antibody IgG but failed to conduct an effec-tive immune protection against S. japonicum. Conclusion The gene encoding HMGB1 from S. japonicum and the soluble recombi-nant SjHMGB1 protein with natural functional activity are obtained,and the recombinant SjHMGB1 has a high immunogenicity but is not able to induce an effective immune protection against S. japonicum.

OBJECTIVETo study the factors related to repeated abortions among unmarried young people, and to standardize the services as informed choice counseling and post abortion, and to reduce the repeated abortion rate.

METHODSA cross-sectional survey using anonymous questionnaire was conducted among unmarried young women who requested termination of early pregnancy in 10 hospitals in Shanghai.

RESULTS2343 subjects responded to the questionnaires. Results showed that the repeated abortion rate was 38.5%, repeated abortion rate within 1 year was 23.5%, and the high risk factors of abortion accounted for 40.2% . Subjects who were older than 19, unemployed, with poor education background, cohabitating and boyfriends being elder were more likely to have repeated abortions (OR > 1). Subjects who did not change boyfriend or use no contraception were more likely to have repeated abortions 1 year after abortion (OR > 1).

CONCLUSIONNo reliable contraception used after abortion seemed to be the main reason for repeated unwanted pregnancy. Being socially disadvantaged women such as unemployed or with poor education background, meanwhile cohabitating with boyfriends or boyfriends being elder etc. they should be viewed as the key population for intervention. Male involvement and reliable contraceptive methods use among young people should be emphasized as key steps for intervention. 1 year after abortion fell into the key period for intervention. Reinforcement on factors including: training for service providers to improve their skills, setting up standard technical process and monitoring systems to carry out the basic principle of 'Informed Choice', and widely launching post-coital contraception programs including emergency contraception, luteal phase contraception and menstrual induction should be stressed.

Abortion Applicants ; statistics & numerical data ; Abortion, Induced ; statistics & numerical data ; Adolescent ; China ; epidemiology ; Contraception Behavior ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Risk Factors ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult

Aqueous dispersion and stability of Fe3O4 nanoparticles remain an issue unresolved since aggregation of naked iron nanoparticles in water. In this study, we successfully synthesized different Fe3O4 super-paramagnetic nanoparticles which were modified by three kinds of materials [DSPE-MPEG2000, TiO2 and poly acrylic acid (PAA)] and further detected their characteristics. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) clearly showed sizes and morphology of the four kinds of nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction (XRD) proved successfully coating of the three kinds of nanoparticles and their structures were maintained. Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) verified that their magnetic properties fitted for the super-paramagnetic function. More importantly, the particle size analysis indicated that Fe3O4@PAA had a better size distribution, biocompatibility, stability and dispersion than the other two kinds of nanoparticles. In addition, using CNE2 cells as a model, we found that all nanoparticles were nontoxic. Taken together, our data suggest that Fe3O4@PAA nanoaparticles are superior in the application of biomedical field among the four kinds of Fe3O4 nanoparticles in the future.

Objective To observe the clinical effect ofintravitreal injection of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA),ranibizumab and C3F8 in the treatment of early submacular hemorrhage (SMH) induce to polypoid choroidal vasculopathy (PCV).Methods The clinical data of 20 eyes of 20 patients with early SMH induce to PCV were enrolled in this study.The duration of bleeding in the eye was 7 to 28 days,and the mean duration of bleeding was 14.8± 5.6 days.All eyes are measured using the Snellen chart best corrected visual acuity (BCVA),logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) was used to calculate visual acuity.Measure central retinal thickness (CRT) and central retinal pigment epithelial detachment (PED) thickness using frequency-domain optical coherence tomography.The average logMAR BCVA of eyes was 1.73 ±0.91;the mean CRT was 620.0±275.8 μm;the average central PED thickness was 720.3±261.9 μm.All eyes receive intravitreal injection of t-PA,ranibizumab and C3F8.The intravitreal injection of ranibizumab was administered once a month for 3 consecutive months,followed by an on-demand treatment plan.Mean follow-up time was 9.9 ± 3.6 months.The changes in BCVA,CRT,central PED thickness and clearance degree of SMH at 6 months after treatment were observed.Results On the 6 months after treatment,the average logMAR BCVA,CRT and central PED thickness of the eyes were respectively 0.42 ± 0.37,290.2 ± 97.4 μmn and 41.6 ± 78.1 μm.Compared with baseline,the after treatment BCVA was significantly increased (F=38.14,P=0.000),but the CRT and central PED were significantly decreased (F=7.48,75.94;P=0.000,0.000).Among the 20 eyes,16 eyes of SMH was completely cleared,accounting for 80％;4 eyes was partially cleared,accounting for 20％.No recurrence and systemic or local complications occurred during follow-up of all eyes.Conclusion Intravitreal injection oftPA,ranibizumab,and C3F8 in the treatment of early SMH induce to PCV can effectively remove SMH,improve vision,reduce CRT and central thickness of PED.