Animals ; Erythrocytes ; physiology ; Oncorhynchus mykiss ; physiology ; Oxygen ; Water ; chemistry

Adult ; Aged ; Breast Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; methods ; Mastectomy, Modified Radical ; Middle Aged ; Ultrasonic Therapy ; methods ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) with urolithiasis.Methods The clinical data of 9 PHPT patients who were evaluated with simple metabolic evaluation in 881 urolithiasis from 2000 to 2005 were summarized and the references were reviewed.Results The level of serum calcium was (2.96±0.48)mmol/L before operation, (1.94±0.42) mmol/L after operation.The level of parathyroid hormone(PTH) was(1133.53±788.21)pmol/L before op-eration,(74.52±49.17)pmol/L after operation.The level of serum calcium and PTH changed significantly after the parathyroidectomy (P<0.01).Follow-up for 14 months to 6 years.the ureteral stones fragments with lithotripsy were clear after 3 months and followed without recurrence,although the renal stones without lithotripsy were followed with no significant change.Conclusions Increase of serum calcium or increase of PTH above double with normal serum calcium may be helpful for diagnosis of PHPT with urolithiasis.Ureteral stone with PHPT should be treated together.Renal stone with PHPT may be followed up after the parathv-roidectomy,and be treated until the complications were occurred.It suggests that the maidend diagnosed pa-tient with urolithiasis should be added with simple metabolic evaluation,including serum calcium, phospho-nium and PTH.

AIMTo investigate the protective effects and mechanism of IPC on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury.

METHODSEffects of IPC on arrhythmia and coronary blood flow and the release of AST, CPK, LDH, SOD and LFO at different time after ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat Langendorff hearts were studied.

RESULTSIPC decreased the release of AST, CPK and LDH and increased myocardial SOD activity and decreased LPO level. IPC also inhibited ischemia/reperfusion arrhythmias and increased coronary blood flow.

CONCLUSIONThe results showed that IPC had well protective effects on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Animals ; Female ; Heart ; physiopathology ; Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial ; methods ; Male ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; prevention & control ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

AIMTo investigate the transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) expressions in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and the effect of beta-radiation.

METHODSTGF-beta1 and bFGF expression was studied by means of an immunohistochemical method in nine normal prostatic (NP) tissues, 15 hyperplastic prostatic tissues and 35 hyperplastic prostatic tissues treated with 90Sr/90Y.

RESULTSThe TGF-beta1 expression in the epithelium and stroma of normal prostatic tissues was 68.2 % +/- 10.5 % and 29.7 % +/- 4.6 %, respectively, while it was 64.8 % +/- 9.3 % and 28.6 % +/- 4.1 %, respectively, in hyperplastic prostatic tissues. Compared with the controls, TGF-beta1 expression in the epithelia and stroma of BPH treated with 90Sr/90Y increased significantly (P <0.01). The bFGF expression in epithelia and stroma of normal prostatic tissues was 17.4 % +/- 3.7 % and 42.5 % +/- 6.8 %, respectively, and was 46.3 % +/- 8.2 % and 73.2 % +/- 12.1 %, respectively, in hyperplastic prostatic tissues. Compared with the controls, expressions of bFGF in the epithelia and stroma of BPH treated with a 90Sr/90Y prostatic hyperplasia applicator decreased significantly (P <0.01).

CONCLUSIONExposure of beta-rays had noticeable effects on BPH tissues, enhancing TGF-beta1 expression and inhibiting bFGF expression.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Beta Particles ; Case-Control Studies ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 ; metabolism ; radiation effects ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostate ; metabolism ; radiation effects ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; metabolism ; radiotherapy ; Strontium Radioisotopes ; therapeutic use ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; metabolism ; radiation effects ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; Yttrium Radioisotopes ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVETo demonstrate the alterations of DPC4/SMAD4/MADH4 gene in paraffin-embedded tissues of pancreatic carcinomas.

METHODSForty-six cases of resected specimens containing carcinomatous tissue and normal pancreatic tissue were analysed for possible DPC4 gene mutations by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)and single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP). The DNA sequencing technique was applied to determine the patterns of gene mutation in the PCR-SSCP positive cases. Fifty-six cases of pancreatic carcinoma along with the specimens corresponding normal pancreatic tissues were studied by in situ hybridization (ISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) techniques for gene expression in mRNA and protein level.

RESULTSThe homozygous deletion rate of exon 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 11 of DPC4 gene in pancreatic carcinoma was 28.26%, while the mutation rate of DPC4 gene was 21.74%. In these tumors, there were 3 cases of nonsense mutation, 5 cases of missense mutation, 1 case of deletion and missense mutation, 1 case of insertion mutation. Positive rates of SMAD4 in carcinomatous tissues detected by the ISH and IHC were 53.57% and 58.93% respectively, whereas they were 91.07% and 89.29% in the matched normal tissue respectively. There were significant difference between cancer and normal tissue (P < 0.05). Thrity-two cases were positive of DPC4/SMAD4 with all methods mentioned above, the coincident rate was 87.50% (28/32). The coincidence between gene detection and ISH of SMAD4 was 87.50%, and it was 96.88% between gene detection and IHC of SMAD4. Of all 56 cases, the coincidence of the positive rates of SMAD4 detected by ISH and IHC was 91.07%. No significant difference among the positive rates of DPC4/SMAD4 as detected by the three different techniques (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe main mechanisms of inactivation of DPC4 gene in pancreatic carcinoma are homozygous deletion and mutation. The product of DPC4 expression is significantly decreased in cancer group compared with the normal tissues. As a tumor suppressor gene, DPC4 alteration is an important molecular event in pancreatic carcinoma, and probably plays a crucial role in cancer development and progression.

Adult ; Aged ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Paraffin Embedding ; Proto-Oncogenes ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Smad4 Protein ; Trans-Activators ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo report the initial clinical experience of endovascular thoracic branched stent grafts in the treatment of aortic arch dissections involving the left subclavian artery.

METHODSFrom February 2004 to June 2004, 14 patients were cured with the endovascular thoracic branched aortic stent-grafts made by Beijing YuHengJia SciTech Co. All patients had Stanford type B aortic dissection with the entry tears just beyond the origin of the left subclavian artery by an average distance of 8.7 mm. The branched stents were consisted of the aortic section and the branched section. The diameter of the stents was 15% to 20% larger than the diameter of the landing zones of native arteries. The repair procedure was performed in angiography laboratory. The branched stent grafts were delivered under fluoroscopic guidance and implanted into the aortic arch including the left subclavian artery.

RESULTSFourteen branched stent-grafts and 2 additional flexible stent-grafts were delivered successfully in all 14 cases. The entry tears were excluded completely, and the truth lumen of the dissection was revealed to the normal diameter in all patients. Neither peripheral complication nor death occurred. All 14 patients had recover the normal life.

CONCLUSIONIt demonstrates that it is possible to apply the technical feasibility of endovascular thoracic branched aortic stent graft to repair the intimal tear of dissection just beyond the left subclavian artery.

Adult ; Aged ; Aneurysm, Dissecting ; surgery ; Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic ; surgery ; Blood Vessel Prosthesis ; Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation ; instrumentation ; methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Stents ; Treatment Outcome

BACKGROUNDCompensatory sweating (CS) is one of the most common postoperative complications after thoracic sympathectomy, sympathicotomy or endoscopic sympathetic block (ESB) for palmar hyperhidrosis. This study was conducted to examine the relevance between CS and the sympathetic segment being transected in the surgical treatment of palmar hyperhidrosis, and thus to detect the potential mechanism of the occurrence of CS.

METHODSBetween October 2004 and June 2006, 163 patients with primary hyperhidrosis were randomly divided into two groups, T(3) sympathicotomy (78 patients) and T(4) sympathicotomy (85), who were operated upon under general anesthesia via single lumen intubation and intercostal video-mediastinoscopy (VM).

RESULTSNo morbidity or mortality occurred. Palmar hyperhidrosis was cured in all patients. Follow-up (mean (13.8 +/- 6.2) months) showed no recurrence of palmar hyperhidrosis. The difference of rates of mild CS in groups T(3) and T(4) was of no statistical significance. The rate of moderate CS was significantly lower in group T(4) than in group T(3). No severe CS occurred.

CONCLUSIONThe rates of occurrence and severity of CS are lowered with the lower sympathetic chain being transected.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hyperhidrosis ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; Prospective Studies ; Sweating ; Sympathectomy ; adverse effects ; methods ; Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the technique and clinical outcomes of modified transperitoneal laparoscopic radical prostatectomy.

METHODSA total of 105 patients received the operation with age ranging from 51 to 73 years from January 2008 to June 2010. Mean level of serum prostate specific antigen was 13.6 µg/L and mean prostatic volume was 45 ml. Pathological studies of biopsy confirmed the prostate carcinoma with Gleason score 6-8. Radionuclide bone scan revealed no metastasis. Based on previously retroperitoneal radical prostatectomy, modified technique was applied involving surgical approach, bladder neck dissection and vesicourethral anastomosis.

RESULTSMean operative time was 93 min (65 - 150 min). Intraoperative blood loss was 115 ml (50 - 400 ml). No complication of bowl injury occurred. Positive surgical margin was present in 24 patients. Normal continence were seen in 64 patients after catheter removed. Recovery of incontinence within 3 months was seen in 33 patients and 3 to 12 months in 5 patients respectively. Three patients with incontinence were still in the follow-up.

CONCLUSIONSTransperitoneal laparoscopic radical prostatectomy provides large working space and clear anatomic exposure. Higher efficiency and lower complication rate are obtained through modified laparoscopic technique involving seminal vesicle isolation, bladder neck dissection and vesicourethral anastomosis.

Abdominal Cavity ; surgery ; Aged ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostatectomy ; methods ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVERNA interference is a new technology that inhibit effectively the expression the specific genes. The current study was designed to investigate whether the plasmid containing the short hairpin RNA (shRNA) of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT(1)R) can inhibit the hyperplasia of vascular smooth muscle cells in rat.

METHODSThe plasmids containing the shRNA of AT(1)R were constructed, and transfected vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) to detect the effect on the AT(1)R expression by RT-PCR and Western blot, observe the shape of VSMCs by the inverted phase contrast microscope, and detect the hyperplasia of VSMCs by trypan blues staining and MTT.

RESULTSThe plasmids was certified to be in the right rank. After transfecting cells, there was significant difference (P < 0.01) in the expression of AT(1)R mRNA between the plasmid transfected group (pAT(1)R-shRNA(1) 1.37 +/- 0.15; pAT(1)R-shRNA(2) 1.45 +/- 0.12) and the control group (2.09 +/- 0.26), and there was significant difference (P < 0.01) in the expression of AT(1)R protein between the gene transfected group (pAT(1)R-shRNA1 1.12 +/- 0.04; pAT(1)R-shRNA2 1.20 +/- 0.07) and the control group (3.17 +/- 0.21). It is shown that pAT(1)R-shRNA can decrease the expression of AT(1)R mRNA and protein. There was significant difference (P < 0.01) in the Cell number between the plasmid transfected adding AngII group (pAT(1)R-shRNA1 5.48 +/- 0.44; pAT(1)R-shRNA2 5.55 +/- 0.45) and the AngII control group (8.13 +/- 0.41); there was significant difference (P < 0.01) in the Ratio of light density by MTT between the plasmid transfected adding AngII group (pAT(1)R-shRNA1 0.365 +/- 0.024; pAT(1)R-shRNA2 0.307 +/- 0.025) and the control group (0.485 +/- 0.011); It is shown that that pAT(1)R-shRNA can inhibit the hyperplasia of VSMCs, and matching the result of morphology observation.

CONCLUSIONSThe plasmids containing the shRNA of AT(1)R can inhibit the expression of AT(1)R mRNA and protein in VSMCs, and inhibit the hyperplasia of VSMCs induced by AngII in rat.

Angiotensin II ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Aorta ; cytology ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Hyperplasia ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; pathology ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; cytology ; metabolism ; Plasmids ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; RNA, Small Interfering ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Transfection