Objective To compare the effect of Acetate Sodium Potassium Magnesium Calcium and lactate ringers′ as priming solution in pediatrics with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) during congenital heart surgery. Methods Sixty children, aged 1-6 years, weighting 8 to 20 kg, with ASA Ⅱ to Ⅲ class and with ventricular or atrial septal defect elective , received heart surgery with CPB. They were randomly divided into two groups: the lactate ringers′ group (R) and the sodium acetate, potassium, magnesium and calcium glucose injection pre-filled group (L). Levels of artery blood gas, lactic, gluclose, electrolytes were detected at the time points of induction of anesthesia (T1), aortic cross damping (T2), stopping before (T3), and closing chest later (T4). Results Levels of the blood glucose and lactic acid in the two groups post-CPB were increased (P <0.01) at T2 and T3. Lactic acid level in group L was lower than that in group R (P < 0.05), and the blood glucose level in group L was higher than that in group R (P < 0.01). No significant difference was found in the lactic acid and blood glucose post-closing chestbetween the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion Sodium, potassium , magnesium , calcium and glucose injection as children CPB priming crystalloid fluid could provide energy substrate, reduce lactic acid concentration, with little effect on electrolyte and blood gas.

Objective To study the mechanism of mast cell increase in cellular leiomyoma of uterus.Methods Tissue sections from 30 cases of cellular leiomyoma of uterus,15 cases of leiomyosarcoma and 30 cases of ordinary leiomyoma were studied using immunohistochemical double labeling techniques.The expression of mast cell tryptase ahd Ki-67 as well as mast cell tryptase and chemotactic factors RANTES,Eotaxin,monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1),transforming growth factor-? (TGF-?)were double immunostained.Results Ki-67 in mast cells was rarely expressed in each group. Expressions of regulate upon activation normal T cell expressed and secreted(RANTES),Eotaxin and TGF-? in cellular leiomyoma were 78%,89%,91%,respectively.They were all higher than those in ordinary leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma(P

OBJECTIVETo investigate the protective effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) in PC-12 cells, and preliminarily discuss the potential molecular mechanism of mTOR/Akt/FoxO3 signaling pathway.

METHODThe OGD PC-12 cell model was established. The cell viability was measured by MTT assay. After the pretreatment with Rg1 with the concentration of 10, 20, 40 micromol x L(-1) for 24 h, the cell viability was observed. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, superoxide dismutase (SOD) ac- tivity and malondialdehyde (MDA) level were detected by colorimetry assay. mTOR, p-Akt(ser473), p-Akt(tjr308), Akt, p-FoxO3, FoxO3 in cytoplasm and nucleus, and total FoxO3 protein expression were detected by Western blot assay.

RESULTOGD could significantly in- hibit cell proliferation in 4-24 h in a time-dependent manner. After pretreatment for 24 h, Rg1 (20, 40 micromol x L(-1)) could notably elevate the cell viability and SOD viability and reduce the LDH release and MDA content. Besides, Rg1 also inhibited OGD-induced mTOR and p-Akt(ser473) decreases. After treatment for 6 h, OGD could reduce FoxO3 phosphorylation and promote FoxO3 in cytoplasm. This data suggested that Rg1 could protect PC-12 cell injury through mTOR/p-Akt/FoxO3 signaling pathway.

CONCLUSIONGinsenoside Rg1 could attenuate OGD-induced PC-12 cell injury. Its action mechanism may be closely related to activation of mTOR/p-Akt/FoxO3 signaling pathway.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Forkhead Box Protein O3 ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Ginsenosides ; pharmacology ; Glucose ; metabolism ; Oxygen ; metabolism ; PC12 Cells ; Protective Agents ; pharmacology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rats ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective　To evaluate the technique and clinical outcomes of modified transperitoneal laparoscopic radical prostatectomy.　Methods　A total of 285 patients received the operation with mean age of 67 years (50-76 years) from January 2008 to April 2012.Mean level of PSA was 15.7 μg/L (1.8 -50.0 μg/L),and mean prostatic volume was 44 ml (26 -74 ml). No lymph node or seminal vesicle involvement was found by CT or MR and radionuclide bone scan revealed no metastasis.271 cases were confirmed diagnosis by prostatic biopsy and 14 were detected through pathological studies of TURP specimens.Gleason score ranged from 6 to 8.14 cases were in clinical stage T1b,29 cases in T1c,214 cases in T2 and 28 cases in T3a.Transperitoneal approach and modified technique involving bladder neck dissection,nervesparing technique and vesicoureteral anastomosis were applied on patients.　Results　Mean operative time was 105 min (55 -150 min).Mean intraoperative estimated blood loss was 240 ml (50-800 ml).Rectal injures occurred in 2 cases and were repaired under laparoscopy.Drainage tube and urinary catheter were removed 48 -72 h and 5 -8 d postoperatively.Postoperative hospital stay was 7 d (5 - 11 d).Positive surgical margin was present in 58 patients.Mean follow-up time was 29 months (3 -50 months).Complete continence were found in 208 patients immediately after catheter removal.68 patient recovered continence within 3 months and 9 patients remained incontinence 3 months after surgery. Normal erection presented in 42 of the 57 cases with nerve-sparing.　Conclusions　Transperitoneal laparoscopic radical prostatectomy is safe and efficient.Higher efficiency and lower complication rate have been achieved through modified laparoscopic technique involving bladder neck dissection,nerve-sparing technique and vesicoureteral anastomosis.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of silencing ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (Arf6) on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of prostate cancer cell line PC-3 and the possible molecular mechanisms.

METHODSThree Arf6-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) were transfected into cultured prostate cancer cell line PC-3. Arf6 expression was examined by real-time PCR and Western blotting. MTT assay, wound healing assay, and Transwell migration and invasion assay were used to observe the effect of Arf6 silencing on the proliferation, migration, and invasion ability of PC-3 cells. The levels of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (p-ERK1/2), ERK1/2, p-AKT, AKT and Rac1 were detected by Western blotting.

RESULTSTransfection of siRNA-3 resulted in significantly decreased Arf6 mRNA and protein expression with inhibition rates of (91.88±3.13)% and (86.37±0.57)%, respectively. Arf6 silencing by siRNA-3 markedly suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion of PC-3 cells and reduced the expression levels of p-ERK1/2 and Rac1.

CONCLUSIONSilencing of Arf6 efficiently inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of PC-3 cells in vitro, and the underlying mechanisms may involve the down-regulation of p-ERK1/2 and Rac1.

ADP-Ribosylation Factors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Movement ; Down-Regulation ; Humans ; Male ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 ; metabolism ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; pathology ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Small Interfering ; genetics ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Transfection ; Wound Healing ; rac1 GTP-Binding Protein ; metabolism

Abnormal proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are the major cause of in-stent restenosis (ISR). Intervention proliferation and migration of VSMCs is an important strategy for antirestenotic therapy. Roscovitine, a second-generation cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, can inhibit cell cycle of multiple cell types. We studied the effects of roscovitine on cell cycle distribution, proliferation and migration of VSMCs in vitro by flow cytometry, BrdU incorporation and wound healing assay, respectively. Our results showed that roscovitine increased the proportion of G0/G1 phase cells after 12 h (69.57±3.65 vs. 92.50±1.68, P=0.000), 24 h (80.87±2.24 vs. 90.25±0.79, P=0.000) and 48 h (88.08±3.86 vs. 88.87±2.43, P=0.427) as compared with control group. Roscovitine inhibited proliferation and migration of VSMCs in a concentration-dependent way. With the increase of concentration, roscovitine showed increased capacity for growth and migration inhibition. Roscovitine (30 μmol/L) led to an almost complete VSMCs growth and migration arrest. Combined with its low toxicity and selective inhibition to ISR-VSMCs, roscovitine may be a potential drug in the treatment of vascular stenosis diseases and particularly useful in the prevention and treatment of ISR.
Animals ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Line ; Cell Movement ; drug effects ; Graft Occlusion, Vascular ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; metabolism ; pathology ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; metabolism ; pathology ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Purines ; pharmacology ; Rats

Objective: To explore the semen quality and potential risk factors of males from the infertility clinic in south area of Zhejiang.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the semen quality and risk factors in 3 01 7 males attending infertility clinic in south Zhejiang.Subjects were grouped by semen quality.The generalized linear models were used to analyze the data.Results Medians of semen parameters were 2.5 ml for volume,76 ×1 06 per ml for semen concentration,1 60 ×1 06 for total sperm count,50.0%for sperm progressive motility,62.0%for total motility,and 6.9%for normal morphology.Only 32.9% of semen samples had normal semen parameters according to WHO criteria. Abstinence duration was significantly positive associated with semen volume,concentration,and total sperm count (P<0.01 ).Single factor analysis showed that smoking,contacts of environmental pollutants,and obesity had slight detrimental effects on sperm quality.However,there were no significant differences by multiple factor analysis (P >0.05 ). Conclusion A sizable proportion of semen quality from males attending infertility clinic in south Zhejiang are low according to WHO criteria.The difference of area,life styles and environmental factors may cause the change of semen quality and that need to be further studied.

OBJECTIVETo study the potential risk factors of human infecting with Streptococcus suis.

METHODS1: M matched case-control study was conducted. 29 human cases of Streptococcus suis infection in the early phase were included in the case group, Patients' family members, neighbors and peoples who had worked together with patients to handle deceased or sick pigs in the last week were recruited as matched controls. There were 147 controls in total. Both cases and controls received questionnaire investigation including the ways to contact sick/dead pigs. Conditional logistic regression was employed to analyze matching data.

RESULTSAccording to the results of multivariate analysis, slaughtering (OR = 11.978, 95% CI: 3.355-42.756), carcasses cutting and processing (OR = 3.008, 95% CI: 1.022-8.849) sick/dead pigs were associated with cases related to human Streptococcus suis infection. The attributable risk proportion were 91.65% and 66.76% respectively. The other types of exposures to sick/ dead pigs, including feeding, selling, burying and eating, were not associated with the human Streptococcus suis infection in our study population.

CONCLUSIONSlaughtering, carcasses cutting and processing sick/dead pigs were important risky behavior for humans to be infected by Streptococcus suis.

Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; statistics & numerical data ; Risk Factors ; Streptococcal Infections ; epidemiology ; etiology ; microbiology ; Streptococcus suis ; physiology

Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications ; epidemiology ; Sleep Wake Disorders ; epidemiology ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVETo analyze the whole microbial structure in a case of rampant caries to provide evidence for its prevention and treatment.

METHODSClinical samples including blood, supragingival plaque, plaque in the caries cavity, saliva, and mucosal swabs were collected with the patient's consent. The blood sample was sent for routine immune test, and the others samples were stained using Gram method and cultured for identifying colonies and 16S rRNA sequencing. DNA was extracted from the samples and tested for the main cariogenic bacterium (Streptococcus mutans) with qPCR, and the whole microbial structure was analyzed using DGGE.

RESULTSThe patient had a high levels of IgE and segmented neutrophils in his blood. Streptococci with extremely long chains were found in the saliva samples under microscope. Culture of the samples revealed the highest bacterial concentration in the saliva. The relative content of hemolytic bacterium was detected in the samples, the highest in the caries cavity; C. albicans was the highest in the dental plaque. In addition, 33 bacterial colonies were identified by VITEK system and 16S rDNA sequence phylogenetic analysis, and among them streptococci and Leptotrichia wade were enriched in the dental plaque sample, Streptococcus mutans, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Streptococcus tigurinus in the caries cavity, and Lactobacillus in the saliva. S. mutans was significantly abundant in the mucosal swabs, saliva and plaque samples of the caries cavity as shown by qPCR. Compared to samples collected from a healthy individual and another two patients with rampant caries, the samples from this case showed a decreased bacterial diversity and increased bacterial abundance shown by PCR-DGGE profiling, and multiple Leptotrichia sp. were detected by gel sequencing.

CONCLUSIONThe outgrowth of such pathogenic microorganisms as S. mutans and Leptotrichia sp., and dysbiosis of oral microbial community might contribute to the pathogenesis of rampant caries in this case.

Abnormalities, Multiple ; Dental Caries ; microbiology ; Dental Plaque ; microbiology ; Fusobacterium ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E ; blood ; Lactobacillus ; isolation & purification ; Leptotrichia ; isolation & purification ; Limb Deformities, Congenital ; Microbiota ; Mouth Mucosa ; microbiology ; Neutrophils ; cytology ; Phylogeny ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ; genetics ; Saliva ; microbiology ; Streptococcus ; isolation & purification ; Tooth Abnormalities