Objective To detect the apoptosis and the intensity of proliferation in different types of renal pathology in children with lupus nephritis (LN), analyzed the relationship between apoptosis and proliferation in LN. Methods Twenty - seven children (aged 7-16 years old, 21 type IV and 6 type V ) with biopsy- proven LN and nine as controls were included in the study. Apoptosis was detected by in situ nick- end labeling techniques (TUNEL) in renal biopsy samples. Immunohistochemistry was employed to detect the proliferating cells identified by proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and detect the expressions of proteins of apoptosis associated gene PDCD5 and Caspase - 3 in these patients. Results 1. Compared to type V LN, the patients with type IV LN had more apoptolic cells,more PCNA positive cells and higher ratios of PCNA/apoptosis (P/A) in glomeruli. 2. There were no difference in expression of PDCD5 in glomeruli in type IV LN compared with those in type V LN. Numbers of apoptotic cells were observed in glomeruli. The expression of Caspase- 3 in type IV LN increased in glomeruli compared with that in type V LN. Conclusions The up- regulation of mechanism of apoptosis in type IV LN was less than that of type V LN. Caspase- 3 participated in the apoptosis of glomeruli of LN, but PDCD5 did not play a role during apoptosis of glomeruli of LN or the effect of PDCD5 promoting apoptosis was depressed.

Objective To observe the effect of case-based learning (CBL) applied in ward-round on residents training. Methods A total of 33 residents trained with routine ward-round and CBL ward-round in the neurological department were investigated with questionnaire. Results 30 effective answers were recalled. More of them reported that CBL ward-round was very significant in improving clinical thinking, mastering the specialized knowledge, developing autonomous learning and improving the communication with patients and their family members (P<0.05). Conclusion CBL ward-round is effective on improving the comprehensive professional abilities of residents.

Objective To determine the role of flagellar motor protein MotA in the pathogenesisassociated chemotaxis and colonization of Campylobacter jejuni. Methods The motA gene as well as Kan~r gene and plus-motA gene segments for motA gene knock-out were amplified by PCR and the target amplification fragments were sequenced after cloning. A suicide plasmid(pBlueskrit-Ⅱ-SK~(motA-kan)) and a motA gene knock-out mutant (motA~-) were constructed based on homologious recombination. By using semisolid plate migration test, hard agar plus (HAP)-based chemotactic test towards sodium deoxycholate (SDC) in vitro, and jejunal colonization test in BALB/c-ByJ mice were performed to determine the differences of flagellar motility, chemotaxis towards SDC and colonization in murine jejunum between motA~- mutant and wild-type strain. Results The nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the cloned motA gene were 100% identical to the reported corresponding sequences. The results of PCR, sequencing and continuous passage culture in antibiotics-contained medium demonstrated that both suicide plasmid and motA~- mutant were successfully generated. The diameters of clonies on semisolid plate and 0.2 mol/L SDC-induced chemotactic tings in HAP as well as the bacterial numbers adhering to the surface of murine jejunal mucosa and in jejunal content of motA~- mutant were significantly less than those of wild-type strain(P<0.05). Conclusion A motA gene knock-out mutant of C. jejuni was successfully constructed in this study, motA is an essential gene for flagellax motility, pathogenesis-associated chemotaxis and colonization of C. jejuni.

Objective To investigate the common cause,inducement and treatment response in patients with status epileptic(SE) in children,in order to improve the level of prevention and treatment of the disease.Methods Valium and chloral hydrate be used in the patient untreated,followed with luminal.Deparkin injection be used in the patient uncontrolled,followed with syrup.Results Of 21 patients,3 cases with epilepsy hadn′t been treated;6 cases with epilepsy hadn′t been treated regularlly;3 cases with epilepsy place respiratory infection;4 cases were the first attack with no inducement;3 cases were suffering from viral encephalitis.Four cases with epilepsy were died who hadn′t been treated regularly.Deparkin might be helpful in treatment with SE,but poor control in patients with long time attacks.Conclusions The attack and prognosis of SE are closely relative to original sick.It is important to prevent the attack.Early diagnosis is the key factor to improve prognosis.

Objectives: To evaluate mice as experimental animal for Chlamydia pneumoniae, a common cause of acute respiratory infections in human.　Methods: Intranasal inoculation of Icr mice with C. Pneumoniae induced a prolonged course of lung infection, as demonstrated by persistence of lung pathology(60 days).　Results: Icr mice were susceptible to C. pneumoniae. Lung pathology was characterized by patchy interstitial pneumonitis with predominately neutrophil leukocyte infiltration in the early(7 days) and lymphocytes infiltration in the later stages(14 days later) of infection.　Conclusions:Icr mice were susceptible to C. pneumoniae and the mouse model is useful for the investigation of the pathogenesis of C. pneumoniae infection.

This study is aimed to establish a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for simultaneous determination of skimmin, scopolin and umbelliferone in Saussurea hieracioides. Samples were analyzed on a Wondasil C18-WR column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) with methanol (A) and water containing 0.1% phosphate (B) as mobile phases for gradient elution at a flow rate of 1.0 mL x min(-1). The detection wavelength and column temperature were set at 325 nm and 35 degrees C, respectively, and the sample size was 10 microL. The results showed that skimmin, scopolin and umbelliferone were simultaneously achieved within 40 min under the above conditions. A good linearity was observed in the range of 0.18-5.6 microg (r = 1.000 0), 0.060-1.8 microg (r = 0.999 9), 0.032-0.97 microg (r = 0.999 8) for skimmin, scopolin and umbelliferone, respectively, with the average recoveries of 99.16% (RSD = 0.41%), 100.3% (RSD = 0.79%), 102.2% (RSD = 0.87%). The method is simple, accurate and reproducible and can be used for the quality control of S. hieracioides.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Coumarins ; analysis ; Glucosides ; analysis ; Medicine, Tibetan Traditional ; Reproducibility of Results ; Saussurea ; chemistry ; Umbelliferones ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the safety and tolerability of long-term (6 months) administration with Shexiang Baoxin Pill (SBP) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) of stable angina pectoris.

METHODSAdopting randomized non-blinded and parallel controlled trial, 200 patients with CHD were randomly and equally assigned to the SBP group and the control group. Both received basic therapy for CHD, including anti-platelet, lipid regulating and anti-ischemia with additional SBP 2 pills, taken orally three times per day in the SBP group. They were followed up for 6 months. The drug tolerability and adverse drug reactions occurred in the observation period were recorded, and the laboratory indexes involving blood routine, liver function, renal function, blood glucose and blood lipids were detected before and after treatment.

RESULTSThe trial was completed in 92% of the patients, 5 patients withdrew in the SBP group and 11 patients in the control group; but none for the intolerable therapy. There were 1 case of adverse reaction related to SBP. No obvious change was found in blood glucose and blood lipids in the two groups before and after treatment. No serious adverse reaction and injury of liver and renal function or others happened.

CONCLUSIONLong-term administration of SBP has favorable clinical tolerability and safety for CHD patients.

Angina Pectoris ; drug therapy ; Coronary Disease ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Tablets

OBJECTIVETo improve the understanding of the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis (LN) by studying the relationship between apoptosis and proliferation in children with LN.

METHODSThirty-one children (23 girls, 8 boys, aged 6-16 years) with biopsy-proven LN (21 type IV, 6 type V, 2 type II and 2 type III) and nine controls were included in the study. Apoptosis was detected by in situ nick-end labeling techniques (TUNEL) in renal biopsy samples. Proliferation was shown by PCNA detection. Immunohistochemistry was employed to detect the expressions of PCNA, PDCD5 and Caspase-3. The images of glomeruli (G) and renal tubuli (T) were selected randomly on each biopsy sample, respectively, and transferred into computer by SECOM video camera. The quantity of PDCD5 and Caspase-3 expressions were evaluated according to the average intensity of PDCD5 and Caspase-3.

RESULTS1. Compared to control group, the patients with LN had increased apoptotic cells (G: 0.14 +/- 0.09 vs. 0.86 +/- 0.26; T: 0.16 +/- 0.07 vs. 1.16 +/- 0.42; P < 0.01) and increased PCNA positive cells (G: 0.47 +/- 0.25 vs. 8.45 +/- 2.83; T: 1.32 +/- 0.15 vs. 13.73 +/- 3.54; P < 0.01) in glomeruli and renal tubuli. The high ratios of PCNA/apoptosis (P/A) were observed in glomeruli (3.37 +/- 1.93 vs. 10.01 +/- 2.96, P < 0.01) and tubuli (8.94 +/- 1.79 vs. 12.81 +/- 3.91, P < 0.05) in LN group. 2. There was no difference in expression of PDCD5 in glomeruli between LN children and controls (0.09 +/- 0.05 vs. 0.08 +/- 0.02, P > 0.05). The expression of PDCD5 in renal tubuli decreased significantly in LN children compared with controls (0.13 +/- 0.05 vs. 0.21 +/- 0.07, P < 0.01). 3. The expression of Caspase-3 in children with LN increased significantly in glomeruli and tubuli compared with that in controls (0.22 +/- 0.07 vs. 0.05 +/- 0.02; 0.08 +/- 0.03 vs. 0.05 +/- 0.01; P < 0.01). 4. The number of glomerular apoptotic cells showed a positive correlation with the expression of Caspase-3 (r = 0.718, P < 0.01), but no correlation with the expression of PDCD5 in all cases (r = 0.054, P > 0.05). The intensity of PDCD5 expression in glomeruli and renal tubuli showed no correlation with that of Caspase-3 expression in all cases (r = 0.061, P > 0.05, r = 0.049, P > 0.05). Stepwise multiple regression revealed that the number of apoptotic cells in renal tubuli correlated negatively with the intensity of PDCD5 expression, whereas correlated positively with intensity of Caspase-3 expression in all cases.

CONCLUSIONS1. Although the number of apoptotic cells in the kidney of LN was more than that in the kidney of control group, the apoptosis in the kidney of LN was relative insufficient compared with the proliferation. 2. Caspase-3 was involved in the apoptosis of glomeruli and renal tubuli of LN. 3. It was unclear if PDCD5 participated in the apoptosis of glomeruli of LN. While PDCD5 might participate the apoptosis of renal tubuli in LN.

Adolescent ; Apoptosis ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; metabolism ; Biopsy ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Kidney ; metabolism ; pathology ; Kidney Glomerulus ; metabolism ; pathology ; Kidney Tubules ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lupus Nephritis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Neoplasm Proteins ; metabolism ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; metabolism ; Regression Analysis

Animals ; Gene Expression ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Spinal Cord ; metabolism ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; genetics ; metabolism ; p21-Activated Kinases ; genetics

Adult ; Antineoplastic Agents ; adverse effects ; Chromosome Aberrations ; chemically induced ; DNA Damage ; Female ; Humans ; Micronucleus Tests ; Nursing Staff, Hospital ; Occupational Exposure