Objective To observe the influence of Baicalin and Octreotide on lung injury of rat with severe acute pancreatitis(SAP) and discuss the therapeutic effect and mechanism of the two medicines on SAP.Methods The improved Aho(?)method was adopted to pre- pare SAP rat models via retrograde injection of 3.5% sodium taurocholate to the pancreatic duct.The 135 SAP rat models after being pre- pared were randomly divided into the model group,Baicalin treatment group and Octreotide treatment group with 45 rats in each group;an- other 45 were selected to be the sham operation group which only received abdomen opening surgery.The above - mentioned groups were then randomly divided into 3h,6h and 12h groups with 15 rats in each group.Observed respectively at 3h,6h and 12h after operation,the mortalities of all rat groups followed by batch execution of rats,and then observed the gross pathological and pathological changes of lung. The tissue microarrays technology was applied to prepare the lung tissue microarrays sections.The changes in Bax and bcl-2 protein ex- pression levels of lung tissue of each group were observed via immunohistochemical staining and meanwhile the TUNEL method was applied to observe the lung cell category and apoptotic index changes of lung tissue in each group.Results The 12h survival of model group was 66,67% while those of Baicalin treatment group and Octreotide treatment groups were both 100%,indicating a marked difference(P＜0.05).Comparison of lung pathological score disclosed:The model group and Baicalin treatment group obviously exceeded the sham oper- ation group at various time points(P＜0.01);at 6h and 12h the Baicalin treatment group was obviously less than the model group(P＜0.05)and the Oetreotide treatment group less than the model group(P＜0.01).Comparison of Bax protein of lung in each group dis- closed:The Baicalin treatment group and Octreotide treatment group obviously exceeded the sham operation group and model group at 3h (P＜0.05),meanwhile the Baicalin treatment group obviously exceeded the Octreotide treatment group(P＜0.01).Changes of lung bcl -2 protein expression level of all groups disclosed:The model group and Baicalin treatment group obviously exceeding the sham operation group(P＜0.01)as well as the Octreotide treatment group(P＜0.05)at different time points,the Baicalin treatment group was obviously less than the model group at 6h(P＜0.05).The peak of apoptosis occurred to the Baicalin treatment group at 6h,but statistics showed no obvious difference among all groups at different time points(P＞0.05).Conclusions(1)Both Baicalin and Octreotide have protecting effect on SAP lung injury and their therapeutic mechanism is possibly related to apoptosis.The application of tissue microarrays in SAP pathological examination can save manpower and material resources,cut down the experimental cost and improve the experimental efficien- cy,thus worth popularizing.

Objective To study the effect of type Ⅱ collagen (C Ⅱ) from Zaoeys dummies (Cantor)on the immune functions of rats with collagen-induced arthritis and to understand the mechanisms of RA treated with Zaoeys dhumnades (Cantor).Methods The rats with collagen-induced arthritis were randomly divided into three group:C Ⅱ from Zaocys dhumnades,bovine C Ⅱ and arthritis control group,a normal control group was set up,too.Every group had 7 rats.The C Ⅱ from Zaocys dhumnades and the bovine C Ⅱ group were fed with C Ⅱ from Zaocys dhumnades (15 mg/kg) and bovine C Ⅱ (15 mg/kg) per day respectivelyfor 15 days.The CD4/CD8 subset ratio,serum levels of anti-C Ⅱ antibody,TNF-a,IL-10,IL-1 and IL-4 in.rats were measured.Results In the arthritis group,CD4/CD8 subset ratio (P＜0.05) and serum levels of type Ⅱ collagen antibody (P＜0.01) and TNF-a (P＜0.01) were significant increased and IL-10 (P＜0.01) was significantly decreased.In the C Ⅱ from Zaocys dhumnades and bovine C Ⅱ group,CD4/CD8 subset ratio (P＜0.05) and the level of TNF-a (P＜0.01) were significantly decreased compared with the arthritis group,and had no difference compared with the normal group.The level of anti-C Ⅱ antibody was declined significantly compared with the arthritis group (P＜0.05) and had statistical difference with the normal group (P＜0.01).The level of IL-10 was significantly increased(P＜0.01),but lower than the normal group(P＜0.05).There was no statistical difference in the level of IL-1 and IL--4 in.all four groups.Conclusion C Ⅱ from Zaoeys dhum-nades (Cantor) is as effective as bovine C Ⅱ in modifying the immune functions of collagen-induced arth-ritis in rats.They can decrease the level of anti-C Ⅱ antibody,the level of TNF-a,CD4/CD8 subset ratio and increase the level of IL-10 in the peripheral blood of rats with collagen-induced arthritis.C Ⅱ from Zaocys dhumnades may be one of the important pharmacological active components that have the potential in treating rheumatoid arthritis.

Objective To study the influence of high quality nursing mode on the quality of life in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) patients. Methods A total of 292 patients with ERCP were randomly divided into control group and observation group with 146 cases in each group by the randomized block design method. The control group was given the conventional nursing care. The observation group was given the high quality nursing care based on the conventional nursing care. The score of Quality of Life of the World Health Organization (WHOQOL- 100), Quality of Life Index of Gastrointestinal Tract (GIQLI), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) before and after nursing care were observed and compared. The difference impact of two kinds of nursing mode on nursing quality between two groups was evaluated. Results WHOQOL-100 score in the observation group after treatment, including physiology and psychology and environment and social relations state such as grading, was respectively (59.3 ± 6.0), (61.8 ± 7.2), (60.3 ± 6.2), (62.8 ± 7.3) points and GIQLI index included self-conscious symptom and body physiological status and daily and social activities,such as state of emotional and psychological and the overall score, was respectively (79.8±4.9), (19.8±1.8), (14.7±1.9), (19.2±2.8), (105.7±6.6) points, which was (50.9±6.3), (52.5±6.7), (51.4±5.6), (53.4±7.1), (67.2±4.8), (15.6±1.9), (10.2±1.8), (16.3±2.3), (94.4 ± 6.2) points in control group, the difference between two groups was statistically significantly(t=1.876-2.327, P<0.05). HAMA score and SAS scores and SDS score and VAS score in the observation group after nursing was respectively (24.28 ± 4.78), (29.48 ± 6.54), (30.55 ± 7.32), (4.55 ± 1.18) points and respectively (36.68 ± 5.39), (41.72 ± 6.03), (42.65 ± 7.21), (6.07 ± 1.17) points in the control group, the difference between two groups was statistically significantly(t=2.876-4.012, P<0.05). Conclusions High quality nursing mode of ERCP in patients with perioperative patients of psychological and physiological all have different degrees of improvement and is suitable for popularization and application in clinic.

Objective To investigate the optimum doses of combined chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide (CTX) and cisplatin (DDP).Methods 120 cases of ovarian cancer and malignant lymphoma were divided randomly into 6 groups.Drugs were administered to each group:CTX 500 mg/m2 + DDP 40 mg/m2,CTX 500 mg/m2 + DDP 50 mg/m2,CTX 500 mg/m2 + DDP 60 mg/m2,CTX 600 mg/m2 + DDP 40 mg/m2,CTX 600 mg/m2 + DDP 50 mg/m2,CTX 600 mg/m2 + DDP 60 mg/m2.Drugs were administered intravenously once a week for 2 consecutive weeks.Changes in the efficacy and adverse reaction were compared among the groups.Results There was no significant efficacy difference among the groups (P ＞ 0.05).Leukocyte inhibition rate (72.6 ％ and 79.3 ％,respectively) and damage to lymphocyte were maximal in the high-dose chemotherapy groups (CTX 500 mg/m2 + DDP 60 mg/m2,CTX 600 mg/m2 + DDP 60 mg/m2),and the levels of creatinine,blood urea nitrogen,alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in serum and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were reduced significantly,whereas the hemogram was within normal range in the lowdose chemotherapy group (CTX500 mg/m2 + DDP 40 mg/m2),and the frequencies of damage to renal function and hepatic function were low.Conclusion The optimum dose of combined chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide and cisplatin was CTX 500 mg/m2 and DDP 40 mg/m2.

Objective The objective of the present study was to establish a template for the self assessment of hearing aids outcomes according to the evaluation of a large group of hearing aid users .Methods In total ,1 724 subjects participated in the study .The Chinese version of International Outcome Inventory for Hearing Aids (IOI-HA) was used as the evaluation tool .IOI -HA is a seven -item questionnaire ,each item is designed to assess a specific outcome domain .Each item was designed with a five -point rating scale ,a higher rating indicates better outcome .According to the subjects'self reported hearing difficulty when they were not wearing hearing aids (unaid-ed) ,the subjects were divided into two groups :self reported hearing difficulty to be no ,mild ,moderate group ,and self reported hearing difficulty to be moderately severe or severe group ,respectively .Templates for each group were established according to the analysis of the item ratings .Results One thousand two hundred and forty -seven sub-jects accept the investigation ,with a response rate of 72 .3% ,and 1203 completed responses were included in the fi-nal analysis .The Chinese version of IOI-HA scores showed a skewed distribution ,with a mean score ranging from 3 .52 to 4 .19 .The total IOI-HA scores ranged from 9 to 35 ,and the mean total score was 26 .30 .Results showed that for the self reported hearing difficulty (unaided) to be none ,mild or moderate group ,the mean scores for the i-tem of daily use ,benefit ,residual activity limitation ,satisfaction ,residual participation restrictions ,impact on others ,and quality of life were 4 .14 ,3 .67 ,3 .76 ,3 .58 ,3 .56 ,3 .93 and 3 .69 ,respectively .The corresponding mean scores for the self reported hearing difficulty (unaided) to be moderately severe or severe group were 4 .19 ,3 .63 ,3 .64 ,3 . 65 ,3 .52 ,3 .89 ,and 3 .79 ,respectively .A template for the Chinese IOI -HA was established according to the above data .Conclusion The template for the Chinese version of IOI -HA could be served as an effective tool to measure the general effectiveness of the hearing aid outcomes and hearing aid fitting in China ,which would also facilitate the international outcome comparison cross culture .

Objective To develop a model of type 2 diabetes with early renal injury on spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Methods The 6-week old SHR were fed with the diets enriched with sucrose (20%, W/W), lard (10%, W/W), cholesterol (2.5%, W/W) and chleolate (1%, W/W) to induce insulin resistance. Hyperglycemia was developed by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 35 mg/kg). Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) were used as normal controls. Rats with plasma glucose (PGL) ≥ 16.7 mmol/L were diagnosed as diabetes. Eight weeks after the induction of diabetes, plasma triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (CHO), glucose, systolic pressure(SP), 24-h urine protein excretion (Upro) were examined in all the rats, and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was analyzed. Renal pathological changes were studied by immunohistochemical staining and electron microscope. Results After 2 weeks on the high sucrose and fat diets, the model rats exhibited significant increase in basal PGL, TG and CHO levels as compared to control rats (P<0.05, respectively). The insulin resistance was developed in model rats demonstrated by the higher HOMA-IR (5.03±0.38 vs 2.61±0.34, P<0.05). At the end of the experiment, model rats were associated with hypertension. Upro level was significantly increased in model rats compared with that in controls [(57.58±16.54) mg/24 h vs (5.35±1.90) mg/24 h, P<0.01]. The kidney hypertrophy index (KWI) was significantly increased in the model rats compared to controls (P <0.05). Moreover, the diabetic model rats showed glomerular hypertrophy, foot process effacement, micro villous transformation, glomerular basement membrane (GBM) thickening. Conclusion A rat model is successfully established, which presents typical features of human type 2 diabetes and can be served as an ideal model to study the diabetic nephropathy.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; genetics ; China ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; genetics ; Mongolia ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

Objective To evaluate the preliminary outcome of cannulated screw internal fixation in treatment of the tarsometatarsal joint injuries.Methods From January 2005 to October 2010,21 patients(14 males and 7 females)with the tarsometatarsal joint injuries were treated.Their age ranged from 21 to 62 years(average 38.2 years).According to anatomical three-column classification,there were four patients with single medial column injury,four with medial and middle column injuries,three with middle and lateral column injuries,two with single lateral column injury and eight with three column injuries.The injury causes included traffic injury in nine patients,machine injury in eight and fall from height injury in four.The period from injury to admission was 2-15 hours(mean 5 hours).During operation,open reduction was performed,followed by internal fixation with the cannulated screw.X-ray examination was done in the regular follow-up and function was evaluated by using Maryland scoring system.Results Of all,19 patients were followed up for 4-47 months(mean 20 months),which showed no infection,loosing or breakage of the internal fixation.According to the Maryland scoring system,the clinical outcome was rated as excellent in eight patients,good in seven,fair in two and poor in two,with excellence rate of 79％.Conclusions The three-column theory plays an important role in clinical diagnosis and therapy of the tarsometatarsal joint injuries.Open reduction and cannulated screw internal fixation may attain satisfactory clinical results in treatment of the tarsometatarsal joint injuries.

Objective To evaluate the necessity of indwelling gastrointestinal decompression after gastrectomy. Methods Eight publications on the necessity of gastrointestinal decompression after gastrecomy were colleted, data on recovery time of gastrointestinal function and hospital stay, complications,and motality were Meta-analyzed using fixed effect model and random effect model. Results Eight randomized trails including 975 patients were qualified and included in this study. The differences in time to oral intake ( WMD =0. 61, 95% CI: 0. 17 - 1.05, P ＜ 0. 05 ) and hospital stay ( WMD = 1.20, 95% CI:0. 05 -2. 36, P ＜ 0. 05 ) between the decompression group and non-decompression group were statistically significant, but the difference in time to flatus (WMD = 0. 31,95% CI: -0. 07- 0. 69, P ＞ 0. 05 ) was not significant. There were no significant differences in complications such as nausea and vomiting ( OR = 1.43,95% CI: 0. 61 - 3.31, P ＞ 0. 05 ), pulmonary infection and atelectasis ( OR = 1.43, 95 % CI: 0. 82 - 2. 49,P＞0.05), anastomotic leakage (OR = 1.17, 95%CI: 0.54-2.49, P ＞0.05), abdominal abscess ( OR = 1.08, 95% CI: 0. 50 - 2. 34, P ＞ 0. 05 ), wound dehiscence ( OR = 1.47, 95% CI: 0. 43 - 4. 95,P ＞ 0. 05 ) between the two groups, except for fever ( OR = 1.76, 95% CI: 1.11 - 2. 78, P ＜ 0. 05 ), which was found more frequent in decompression group than in non-decompression group. Conclusions Routine gastrointestinal decompression after gastrectomy was not conductive to the recovery of gastrointestinal function, and could not reduce the incidence of postoperative complications. Postoperative GI decompression increased fever incidence rate and prolonged hospital stay.

Objective To explore the influence of gender and age on hip and plantar pressure changes in the sit-to-stand transition. Methods Kinematic parameters such as changes in hip joint angle,motor velocity and speed,and also plantar pressure changes such as stress,pressure and contact area were observed as subjects of different ages and genders performed sit-to-stand transitions. Results ①Hip kinematics:The speeds of trunk movement and hip joint angle change in men and women were significantly different.Their average speed in rising was also significantly different.The young and middle-aged people rose faster with faster hip joint angle changes than the elderly.Their total rising time was therefore significantly shorter as well.()Plantar pressure kinematics:The men's plantar pressures were significantly higher than those of the women throughout the rising process.The plantar pressure of the young and middle-aged subjects was also significantly higher than that of the elderly.At the last stage of sit-to-stand transfer process the ground contact area of the women's was significantly larger,on average,than that of the men,and the elderly had significantly larger contact areas than young or middle-aged people. Conclusion During sit-to-stand transfers,men and young people move faster than women or the elderly.Women and older people tend to have larger foot-ground contact areas than men and younger persons.Different rehabilitation measures are required for different ages,genders and diseases.