Objective To evaluate the value of using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)technique for the detection of chromosome aberration of urine exfoliated cells for the diagnosis of bladder tumor.MethodsFISH technique were used to detect the abnormalities of chromosome 3,7,17 and 9p16 site from 20 normal people, and to establish the threshold.The morning's first urinations were available from 75 patients with bladder cancer and 25 patients without urothelial tumor, then were detected using FISH technique and urine cytology respectively.The sample was considered positive if two or more probes results higher than the criteria,or one probe has two or more abnormal results.Results The sensitivity of single using were 73.3％ (55/75),76.0％ (57/75),62.7％ (47/75) and 62.7％ (47/75) for the 4 probes (3,7, 17 and 9p16)respectively.The sensitivity of combined detection was 85.3％ (64/75) and specificity was 96.0％ (24/25) The sensitivity and specificity of urine cytology examination was 9.3％ (7/75) and 100％ (25/25) .The sensitivity of FISH examination was significantly higher than that of urine cytology examination (85.3％ vs 9.3％ ,x2 = 57.00, P ＜ 0.001) .Sensitivity of FISH examination was not correlated with cancer pathologic grading(low vs high : 84.2％ vs 86.5％, x2 = 0.08, P ＞ 0.05)and clinical stage (ta-tl : 82.9％, t2-t4 :87.5％, x2 = 0.32 ,P ＞ 0.05) .ConclusionFISH technique is a non-invasive and effective method for the early diagnosis of bladder tumor and is more sensitive than urine cytology.Furthermore, FISH technique can be used to predict the tumor's biological behavivor and prognosis.

Recently, more and more public attention has been paid to nanomaterials in various fields. Especially, the preparation methods of core/shell nanoparticles have been drastically updated and developed. There exists great application prospect for the development of biosensing core/shell nanoparticles. This paper emphatically introduced the operation principle, preparation methods of biosensing core/shell nanopaticles and the latest application progress in electrochemical biosensor, optical biosensor and piezoelectric crystal biosensor.

Objective To assess the predictive value of neutrophil gelatinase associated protein lipocalin (uNGAL) in urine for detection of acute kidney injury(AKI) in patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Methods Patients with severe traumatic brain injury from the ICU were collected from Jan. 2011 to May. 2013 in our hospital. 43 cases that met the RIFLE criteria for diagnosis of AKI in the ICU within 7 days were selected as AKI group. Another 43 cases that were matched for age ,gender ,illness severity , surgery method with AKI cases ,selected as non‐AKI group. The levels of uNGAL and Scr were measured when the patients admit‐ted in the ICU with 15 min ,at 24 h ,48 h ,72 h. the sensitivity and specificity of uNGAL and Scr for diagnosis for AKI were evalua‐ted by ROC curve. Results The incidence of severe traumatic brain injury AKI was 42. 16% (43/102). The uNGAL levels in the AKI group were higher when the patient stayed in the ICU longer and no obvious in the non AKI group. When admitted to the ICU 24 h ,the level of uNGAL(720. 32 ± 684. 25)ng/mL in AKI group was significantly higher than that (421. 92 ± 351. 20)ng/mL in non AKI group. The difference was statistically significant (P< 0. 05). The levels of Scr between two groups were not statistically significant. The area under ROC curve of uNGAL and Scr were 0. 879 (95% CI :0. 807 - 0. 949) and 0. 612 (95% CI :0. 493 -0. 731). When the cutoff value of uNGAL was 180 ng/mL ,the sensitivity and specificity were 0. 890 and 0. 823 respectively. The sensitivity was superior to Scr. Conclusion uNGALis superior to Scr for early diagnosis of AKI in patients with severe traumatic brain injury and it could be used as a biomarker for early diagnosis of AKI.

This research is for the purpose of comparative analysis of the microbial flora structure in the chilled beef with no packing and cling film, which under the same terms of sale. It was used the V3 area fragment of 16S rDNA to carry on PCR-DGGE, Meanwhile used the 16S rDNA sequence to analysis the microbial flora structure of the two samples, according to the technology of clone .The research discovered that the flora structure displays a biggish difference; there was 6 OTU in the chilled beef with cling film, mainly was that Lactococcus(28%), Lactobacillus (26%), Carnobacterium(18%) and Brochothrix (10%); but there was 18 OTU in the chilled beef with no packing, mainly was that Lactococcus(28%), Brchothrix(18%), Acinetobacter (11%). The result indicates that cling film played a certain inhibitory action regarding the Staphylococcus as well as the cold pole bacteria and such bacterium. And it can provide a certain theory ba-sis for the meat processing in the department of microorganism’s control.

It is used the method of pure culture,Selected 32 strains,which were obvious difference in the shape,color and so on common characteristic,From the chilled beef with no packing and cling film on sale in this research;and it was included 12 strains from the chilled beef sample packed with cling film;20 strains from the chilled beef sample with no packing.Simultaneously selected 4 strains which were predominant in each bacterium from the two samples to conduct the further research,8 strains serial numbers are:S01～S08,S01～S04 from the chilled beef sample with no packing;S05～S08 from the chilled beef sample packed with cling film.Through ARDRA(Amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis) as well as 16S rDNA to clarify the bacterium's classified status.The physiological and chemical tests were done to determine the various bacteria respective genus.The experiment indicated:S01 is Pseudomonas putida;S02 is Shewanella cincia stain;S03 and S05 are the same Shewanella putrefaciens;S04 is Stenotrophomonas mal-tophilia;S06 is Psychrobacter;S07 is Staphylococcus sciuri;S08 is Microbacterium-laevaniformans.It was proved that two samples altogether have the same predominant bacterium.It can provide certain theory basis for the chilled meat processing craft as the preliminary investigation in the cultured microorganism situation in two samples.

Objective To explore the isolation,amplification methods and adipogenic differentiation under specific culture medium of human keloid-derived precursor cell (KPC) in vitro,in order to study their possibility of being new seed cells of tissue engineering fat.Methods KPCs were isolated from human keloid tissue of 4 different patients in our hospital and were cultured in the modified L-DMEM culture medium.Their cloning efficiency and growth curve were tested.The subcultured cells were tested of the mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-related gene expression by flow cytometry.In addition,they were cultured in H-DMEM medium (containing 1 μmol/L dexamethasone,0.5 mmol/L 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine 10 mg/L of bovine insulin,100 mmol/L indomethacin,and 10 ％ FBS)and were later observed in oil red O staining under phase contrast microscope to determine whether lipid droplets generation was formed,using skin-derived precursors (SKP) as control.Results More than 95 ％ KPC expressed many antigens of MSC,such as CD29,CD44,CD90 and CD105 while few of them expressed CD34,CD45(1.0 ％-2.5 ％).And the cells increased in size gradually after inducted the same time,changing from spindle into round or polygonal in shape.The lipid droplets were seen in 72 hours and expressed a positive rate of 78.6 ％ in Day 19 in oil red O staining while the same rate was 54.6 ％ in SKP.Conclusions Human keloid-derived precursor cells can express a variety of MSC-related surface markers without expressing hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) related markers.Furthermore,they can be differentiated into fat cells under certain conditions,which may make them as a new source of seed cells for tissue engineering fat.

Background and purpose: p21-activated kinase 5 (PAK5) is a recently identified member of PAKs that regulate many intracellular processes such as cytoskeleton remodeling, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, gene transcription and cell apoptosis. Recently, studies found that PAK5 was overexpressed in some cancer such as gastric and colon cancer. However, the expression status and biological function of PAK5 in osteosarcoma are not clearly known. The objective of this study was to investigate the expression of PAK5 in osteosarcoma tissue and their relationships with the prognosis of osteosarcoma. Methods: The expression of PAK5 was detected by using immunohistochemical method in 92 specimens of human osteosarcoma tissues and 33 cases of osteoclastoma tissue, respectively. Results: The positive rate of PAK5 was 71.7% (66/92) in all the 92 cases of osteosarcoma. PAK5 expressions were not related to clinical variables such as gender, age, tumor location, tumor size, histological type and local recurrence, but signiifcantly related to Enneking grade, tumor cell necrosis rate and lung metastasis, and the high expression of PAK5 may reduce the efifciency of chemotherapy. Survival analysis indicated that high expression of PAK5 correlated with poor prognosis of patients with osteosarcoma. Univariate survival analysis showed that the signiifcant prognostic factors were tumor size, Enneking grade, local recurrence, lung metastasis and expression levels of PAK5. COX multivariate regression identified that the PAK5 expression levels (P=0.001) and lung metastasis (P=0.015) were independent prognostic factors of patients with osteosarcoma. Conclusion:The positive expressions of PAK5 closely correlate with Enneking grade, tumor cell necrosis rate and lung metastasis. Detection of PAK5 may be used as a molecular marker for prognosis of osteosarcoma. The high expression of PAK5 may reduce the efifciency of chemotherapy.

Objective To study the worth of echo-tracking and M-echo in evaluating artery stiffness comparatively.Methods Fifty two rabbits were divided into 4 groups randomly:control group 1,hypercholesterinemia group,control group 2,and artherosclerosis group,there were 13 rabbits in each group.The rabbits were bred with normal or 2% cholesterol animal feeds according to their groups.The femoral artery blood pressure were measured with catheter.Artery stiffness of abdomen aorta of every rabbit was evaluated by echo-tracking and M-echo at the baseline and the end of the study by 2 doctors,and each doctor did twice.Results All the rabbits of artherosclerosis group had lipid plaques in the thorax and abdomen aortas,and the interior elastic fibers board under the plagues were disrupted.Echo-tracking was more stable and sensitive than M-echo in evaluating artery stiffness.pressure-strain elastic modulus(E?) and stiffness index(?) were sensitive stiffness indexes,but arterial compliance(AC) was not.The indexes of artery stiffness evaluated by echo-tracking with short view of the artery were stable too,but not sensitive compared with long view.E? was relative to diastolic diameter of artery and HDL-C positively(P0.05).Conclusions Echo-tracking is more stable and sensitive than Mecho in evaluation of artery stiffness,long view of the artery should be applied in the evaluation of artery stiffness with the technique of echo-tracking.E? and ? were sensitive artery stiffness indexes,but AC was not.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of gray scale contrast-enhanced ultrasonography(CEUS) in the diagnosis of active hemorrhage of the kidney.Methods Forty-six active hemorrhage animal models were created within the kidney of 23 New Zealand rabbits heparinized under general anesthesia,rabbit kidneys were examined by routine two dimensional ultrasonography and CEUS.Results Routine ultrasonography showed 26 traumas with irregular and poorly defined margins.CEUS showed all active bleeding sites,contrast agents overflowed from injured blood vessel and formed irregular remarkable enhanced parts.After average 85s for contrast agent was injected,the intensity of the enhanced regions in the kidneys were significantly higher than those of normal renal parenchyma.Conclusions CEUS could clearly demonstrate the active hemorrhage in traumatic kidney and could significantly improve the diagnostic level of ultrasonography.

Numerous epidemiological studies have studied the association of adiponectin (ADIPOQ) gene and adiponectin receptor (ADIPOR) gene polymorphisms with risk of colorectal cancer (CRC),but the outcomes were incomplete and inconsistent.Therefore,we conducted a meta-analysis to assess the associations systematically.All eligible case-control studies published up to Jan.2015 were searched from PubMed,the Cochrane library,Elsevier,Wiley Online library,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,WanFang data and Chongqing VIP.Effect sizes of odds ratio (OR) and 95％ confidence interval (95％CI) were calculated by using a fixed-or random-effect model.Twelve case-control studies including 6141 cases and 7398 controls were selected.Significant differences in the distributions of allele frequency with CRC risk were directly present in ADIPOQ variants rs2241766,rs1501299 and ADIPOR variant rs1342387.In stratified analysis for different populations,significant differences were present in ADIPOQ variant rs822396 for Ashkenazi Jewish,in ADIPOQ variant rs1501299 and ADIPOR variant rs1342387 for Chinese and in ADIPOQ variant rs 2241766 for Ashkenazi Jewish and Chinese.In addition,the factors correlated with insulin resistance had synergistic effect with ADIPOQ variants rs2241766 T/G and rs1501299 G/T on risk of CRC.ADIPOQ variants rs2241766 T/G,rs1501299 G/T and ADIPOR variant ADIPOR rs1342387 G/A had a population specific correlation with CRC risk,which may be mediated by insulin resistance.And large well-designed studies are still needed for further evaluation of rs822396 and rs1063538,especially for their interaction and combined effect in the correlation with CRC risk.