Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), a member of nuclear hormone receptor superfamily, has 3 subtypes, namely, PPARα, PPARβ/δ, and PPARγ; among them PPARγ plays an important role in adipogenesis, lipid metabolism, insulin sensitivity, inflammation, atherosclerosis, and blood pressure controlling. This article reviews the relationship between PPARγ and diabetec nephropathy.

0.05), while there were obvious different effects at different time points in each group and between group A and B (P0.05). There was difference in the number of fibroblats and eosinophils between groups (P

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Sub-Family B ; metabolism ; Animals ; Anticonvulsants ; pharmacology ; Brain ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Rats

Objective To explore the effects of TSP in classroom air on teachershealth.Methods Air sampling was car-ried out nearby the platform in each in use-classroom at flow of100L/min continuously for6h(n=270)and in office building as controls(n=10)in a university.An investigation on the prevalence of respiratory diseases was performed also.Results The concentration s of TSP were0.10-0.88mg /m 3 in classroom air with a average level of0.38mg /m 3 ,and only0.09mg /m 3 in office air of the university,and0.194mg /m 3 in the ambient air respectively.The TSP concentrations in the classromms exceeded the National Standard of Ambient Air Quality GradeⅢ.The prevalence rates of respiratory diseases including acute and chronic phyryngitis,acute tracheobronchitis and chronic bronchitis were23.3%,73.9%,4.0%and17.4%for teachers,only4%,2.8%,3.2%and7.1%for administrative staff respectively.Con clusion The classroom air pollution by TSP had adverse effects on teachershealth in classrooms.

Objective To investigate the unusual CT features of pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma (SH). Methods Clinical and CT features of 25 patients of pulmonary SH proved with pathology were reviewed, among which 15 patients underwent plain and enhanced CT scan, 10 underwent only plain CT scan. Results Solitary nodules (20/25, 80.00%) and solitary mass (5/25, 20.00%) were found with CT. CT features included slight lobulation (6/25, 24.00%), calcification (6/25, 24.00%), ground glass opacity (2/25, 8.00%), emphysema (1/25, 4.00%), endobrochial variant (1/25, 4.00%), short speculation (1/25, 4.00%) and vascular bundle (2/25, 8.00%). Slight or remarkable enhancement was noticed in all 15 patients underwent contrast enhanced CT. Conclusion CT can reveal features and unusual manifestations of pulmonary SH, and is helpful to the diagnosis of pulmonary SH.

Objective To investigate the application value of color Doppler ultrasonography in the diagnosis and treatment of uterine scar pregnancy. Methods The sonographic characteristics of 34 patients of uterine scar pregnancy were analyzed. The changes of blood flow and the resistance index (RI) were compared before and after conservative treatment. Meanwhile, the therapeutic effect was evaluated referencing to the changes of β-hCG in blood. Results Uterine scar pregnancies were classfied into three subtypes according to ultrasonic characteristics: Type Ⅰ: embryo sac (n=16 cases);Type Ⅱ: asymmetrical mass (n=14);Type Ⅲ: mixed type (embryo sac+asymmetrical mass, n=4). Peri-myometrium of the gastrula and the mass had abundant blood flow and lower RI before treatment, while rare blood flow and middle RI were found 4 weeks after treatment. There was statistical significance in the change of RI between before and four weeks, after treatment. Conclusion Uterine scar pregnancy has characteristic ultrasonogram. Color Doppler ultrasound may precise diagnose and localize uterine scar pregnancy, playing an important role in guiding the conservative treatment schedule, evaluating the therapeutic effect and following-up of these patients.

ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family B, Member 1 ; biosynthesis ; Animals ; Brain ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Glycoproteins ; metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Status Epilepticus ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the correlation and clinical significance between CTGF of fibrosis marker and coronary heart disease .Methods Totally 102 cases of coronary heart disease patients by coronary artery angiography ensured were used as coronary heart disease group ,98 cases with age and sex strict matching of coronary heart disease were normal and were used as con-trol group;T test was used to analysis the difference with disease group and control group at base clinical data ,serum CTGF and TGF-β1 ,the correlation between coronary heart disease and serum CTGF level was evaluated by logistic regression analysis ,and clinical diagnosed value was evaluated .Results Triglyceride ,total cholesterol ,apolipoprotein A1 ,high density lipoprotein ,lipopro-tein alpha ,low density lipoprotein ,TGF-β1 and CTGF in coronary heart disease group were significantly higher than those in control group(P<0 .05) .Spearman correlation analysis showed that CTGF and TGF-β1 were positively correlated (r=0 .773 ,P=0 .002) . Serum CTGF can play positive role in the evaluation of the risk stratification of coronary heart disease .Conclusion Age ,smoking , hypertension ,total cholesterol ,apolipoprotein A1 ,high density lipoprotein ,low density lipoprotein ,lipoprotein alpha ,CTGF and TGF-β1 were influencing factors for coronary heart disease .Detection of CTGF in clinical work can be used as assessment coronary artery stenosis and severity index .

Objective To detect the apoptosis and the intensity of proliferation in different types of renal pathology in children with lupus nephritis (LN), analyzed the relationship between apoptosis and proliferation in LN. Methods Twenty - seven children (aged 7-16 years old, 21 type IV and 6 type V ) with biopsy- proven LN and nine as controls were included in the study. Apoptosis was detected by in situ nick- end labeling techniques (TUNEL) in renal biopsy samples. Immunohistochemistry was employed to detect the proliferating cells identified by proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and detect the expressions of proteins of apoptosis associated gene PDCD5 and Caspase - 3 in these patients. Results 1. Compared to type V LN, the patients with type IV LN had more apoptolic cells,more PCNA positive cells and higher ratios of PCNA/apoptosis (P/A) in glomeruli. 2. There were no difference in expression of PDCD5 in glomeruli in type IV LN compared with those in type V LN. Numbers of apoptotic cells were observed in glomeruli. The expression of Caspase- 3 in type IV LN increased in glomeruli compared with that in type V LN. Conclusions The up- regulation of mechanism of apoptosis in type IV LN was less than that of type V LN. Caspase- 3 participated in the apoptosis of glomeruli of LN, but PDCD5 did not play a role during apoptosis of glomeruli of LN or the effect of PDCD5 promoting apoptosis was depressed.

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the photoselective prostate vaporization (PVP) for the patients of benign hyperplasia of prostate (BPH) with oral anti-coagulant.Methods From September 2008 to May 2010,7 cases of BPH with oral anti-coagulant were treated by PVP,with an average age of 74 years.The prothrombin time before the surgery was (13.14 ± 0.15) s.An 100 W Green-light laser source was applied in this study.The prostate volume,operating time,blood loss,catheter indwelling time after the surgery,hospital stay,PVR,Q IPSS score were recorded.Results The mean operating time was (65 ± 22) min without active bleeding or transfusion in this cohort.The haemoglobulin concentration was intact and catheter indwelling time was (22 ± 8) h,while the hospital stay was (2.7 ± 1.2) d.The PVR,Q IPSS score were significantly improved after follow-up of 1 month (P ＜0.01).One case complicated acute urinary retention after operation in this cohort,and the catheter was removed 4 weeks after α-blocker administration.Conclusions PVP is a safe and effective surgical strategy for BPH patients with oral anti-coagulant.However,since there were relatively limited cases enrolled in this study,more randomized controlled clinical trials are needed in the near future.