Immunological alterations and changes in neurotransmission are considered to be crucial in the pathological process of depression. An immune activation including increased production of proinflammatory cytokines has repeatedly been described in depression, which shines a clue for new anti-depression therapy. Immune activation will lead to depression through serotonin and glutamate systems. This paper is attempted to review the immune mediated alterations on serotonin and glutamate systems.

OBJECTIVE:To promote effective development of services in the intravenous drugs allocation centre and to bring the pharmacists'function into full play in the hospital pharmacy.METHODS:Information concerning services in the intravenous drugs allocation centre of our hospital and experiences from which was introduced,some problems and difficulties in the pharmacy services were analyzed.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:The centralized allocation and management of intra-venous drugs have ensured the safety and effectiveness of the clinical intravenous drug use and which have become the essential part of the pharmaceutical care with a core of rational drug use.

Objective To investigate the relationship between serum homocysteine (Hcy) and large artery atherosclerosis (LAA).Medods The consecutive stroke patients with LAA and small artery occlusion (SAO) were enrolled.The demographics,baseline clinical data,and laboratory test results were compared.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independent risk factors for LAA.Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between serum Hcy concentration and carotid plaque scores.Results A total of 117 patients with LAA and SAO were enrolled,42 were in the LAA group and 75 were in the SAO group.The plasma Hcy levels (median [interquartile range] 15.35 [12.20-20.43] μmol/Lvs.12.40 [10.40-15.00] μmoFL; Z=-2.540,P=0.011),the carotid plaque scores (6.30 ±4.11 mm vs.4.19 ±2.84 mm; t =2.952,P=0.004),and the proportion of plasma Hcy level at tertile groups of the patients (x2 =10.697,P =0.005) of the LAA plasma group were all significantly higher than those of the SAO group.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the plasma Hcy concentration was in the third tertile (＞ 15.3 μmol/L),and it was an independent risk factor for LAA (odds ratio 4.739,95％ confidence interval 1.696-13.241; P =0.003).Moreover,there was a significant positive correlation between the serum Hcy concentration and the carotid plaque scores (r =0.245,P =0.008).Conclusions The plasma Hcy levels were positively correlated with the severity of carotid atherosclerosis.The Hcy ＞ 15.3 μmol/L was an independent risk factor for LAA.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Allyl Compounds ; poisoning ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Humans ; Occupational Diseases ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Poisoning ; diagnosis ; therapy

Objective To investigate cognitive function and behavior characteristics in the childhood onset schizo?phrenia patients with or without obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Methods One hundred forty-nine schizophrenia chil?dren were recruited and 72 healthy children served as children control group. According to the Schedule for Affective Dis?orders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL), the patients were fur?ther divided into two groups, the children with obsessive-compulsive disorder group (70 cases) and the children without obsessive-compulsive disorder group (79 cases). All the children were retrospectively surveyed and the Achenbach’s Child Behavior Check-list (CBCL) was used to assess their social competence and behavioral characteristics at the age from 6-year-old to 10-year-old. The cognitive function was estimated with WISC, STROOP color and word test, trail making test, visal spatial memory test and maze test. Results Compare to the control group, the CBCL factor scores of behavior problems were higher (P<0.01), social ability factor scores were lower (P<0.05) and all factor scores in the cog?nitive function tests were lower (P<0.05) in the two patients groups. Compare to the patients without obsessive-compul?sive symptoms, the CBCL factor scores of the school situation (P<0.01), splitting force (P<0.01), and physical complaints (P<0.01) were significantly higher and the scores were significantly lower in the test of common sense (P<0.01), wood (P<0.01), STROOP (P<0.01) and BVMT-R (P<0.01) in those with obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Correlation analysis showed that social competence total scores were positively correlated with similarity in the patients with obsessive-com?pulsive symptoms (r=0.31, P<0.01);while behavior problems total scores were negatively correlated with wood (r=-0.31, P<0.01) and patchwork (r=-0.32, P<0.01) in the patients without obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Conclusion The schizophrenia children with obsessive-compulsive symptoms have more behavioral problems in pre-symptom period and their cognitive dysfunction are more severe following onset of the disease. Cognitive function is related to behavioral prob?lems and social competence in the schizophrenia children with or without obsessive-compulsive symptoms .

Animals ; Carcinogenesis ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cyclin E ; metabolism ; F-Box Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; F-Box-WD Repeat-Containing Protein 7 ; Gene Silencing ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Humans ; Mutation ; Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein ; metabolism ; Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc ; metabolism ; Receptors, Notch ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases ; metabolism ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective Currently,pediatric 18F-FDG dose and acquisition durations are generally based on coarse extrapolation from adult guidelines.This study sought to determine whether shorter acquisition durations or a lower 18F-FDG injected activity could be used during pediatric 18F-FDG PET/CT examinations while maintaining diagnostic utility.Methods Thirty-six whole-body 18F-FDG PET/CT examinations were performed on 36 patients (weight,13-89 kg,(46.51±5.63) kg; age range,3-14 years old,(9.22±3.16) years old) with a weight-based injected activity (5.3 MBq/kg (0.144 mCi/kg)),fixed acquisition durations 180 S/FOV,VIP record acquisition mode using Discovery STE.For each examination,the Vip-mode data was truncated to form multiple datasets with shorter acquisition durations down to a minimum of 60 s/FOV (i.e.,60,80,100,120,140,160 s/FOV data were formed from single 180 s/FOV acquisition).168 image volumes were generated,randomized,and reviewed in a masked manner with corresponding CT image volumes by 6 radiologists.Overall,subjective adequacy and objective lesion detection accuracy by body region were evaluated.Results All examinations with maximum acquisition duration were graded as adequate and were used as the reference standard for detection accuracy.For patients more than 30 kg,when acquisition duration was more than 120 s/FOV,all PET/CT examinations were graded as adequate for clinical tasks,whereas,when acquisition duration was reduced to less than 120 s/FOV,lesion detection became less accurate.For patients less than 30 kg,lesion detection accuracy was perfect for acquisition times between 140 s/FOV and 180 s/FOV for all regions of the body.However,lesion detection became less accurate when imaging acquisition time was reduced less than 140 s/FOV.Conclusions When GE Discovery STE PET/CT was applied during pediatric PET/CT examination,using decreased acquisition times as a surrogate for 18F-FDG dose,18F-FDG dose can be reduced by approximately 33.33％ when patients weigh over 30 kg were scanned for 180 s/FOV.For patients less than 30 kg,18F-FDG dose can be reduced by approximately 22.22％ without losing diagnostic quality.Reduction of overall scan time potentially reduces motion artifacts,improves patient comfort,and decreases length of sedation.Alternatively,decreased 18F-FDG dose minimizes radiation risk.

Objective To observe the expression of chemokine (MCP-1) and chemokine receptor (CCR2) in bone marrow cells,bone marrow stromal cells of multiple myeloma (MM) patients.Methods 15 cases were diagnosed by domestic uniform standard for MM patients,7 cases of male,8 cases of female,age range from 38 to 67 years,mean age 53.7 years old.According to the Durie-Salmon staging system,patients were divided into Ⅰ (2 cases),Ⅱ (5 cases) and Ⅲ period(8 cases).Control group were from 10 cases of non-malignant blood disease patients.MCP-1,CCR2 expression were measured by flow cytometry.Results Almost 14 cases of bone marrow cells expressed MCP-1and CCR2 in MM patients,while in the control group,bone marrow cells almost did not express MCP-1and CCR2.Stromal cells had similar MCP-1and CCR2 expression profile (68.17 ％ vs 4.27 ％. P＜0.05).Tumor cells of MCP-1/CCR2 expression rates were 3.25 ％ and 32.76 ％. Compared MCP-1/ CCR2 expression of stromal cells and tumor cells with different stages of disease, the activated stage and the stable stage had similar level (68.71％ and 32.76 ％ vs 70.12 ％ and 53.39 ％. P＞0.05). Conclusion Most patients with MM bone marrow were expressed MCP-1and CCR2.MCP-1and CCR2 are the major MM cell surface expression of chemokine/receptor, which play important roles in the progress of.

Objective: To learn the health literacy level and its influencing factors among junior high school students in Jiaxing, so as to provide basis for health promotion of adolescents. Methods: The junior high school students who had been studying and living in Jiaxing for more than six months were selected by multistage cluster random sampling method. A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect general information and health literacy level (including basic knowledge and concept, healthy lifestyle and behaviors, and basic skills) of these selected students. The multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors for health literacy. Results : Of 1 773 questionnaires collected, 1 738 were valid, accounting for 98.03%. The level of health literacy in the junior high school students in Jiaxing was 22.84% ( 95%CI: 20.87%-24.82% ), The levels of basic knowledge and concept, healthy lifestyle and behaviors, and basic skills were 55.29% ( 95%CI: 52.95%-57.63% ), 21.75% ( 95%CI: 19.81%-23.69% ), 53.05% ( 95%CI: 50.70%-55.40%), respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the second grade and above ( OR: 1.609-1.835, 95%CI: 1.195-2.459 ), mother's educational level of technical secondary school/senior high school and above ( OR: 1.965-1.976, 95%CI: 1.276-3.357 ), and self-rated academic achievement of medium and above ( OR: 1.881-2.441, 95%CI: 1.359-3.335 ) were the promoting factors for health literacy level of junior high school students; self rated health status as unhealthy ( OR=0.254, 95%CI: 0.089-0.721 ) was an obstructive factor. Conclusions The health literacy level of the junior high school students in Jiaxing was 22.84%. The level of healthy lifestyle and behaviors was the lowest in three aspects. Grade, mother's educational level, self-rated academic performance and self-rated health status may have impacts on health literacy level of junior high school students.

Objective To establish a human pancreatic cancer cell line stably transfected with siRNA expression vector targeting GLU gene and examine the interference efficiency. Methods The expression of GLI1 gene in five human pancreatic cancer cell lineswas detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR); the one with the highest expression level of GLI1 was selected as the target cell line and was transfected with three recombinant plasmids pGCti-U6-GLIlsiRNA-1,-2, and -3. The positive cloneswere screened by G418, and the transfection rate was observed by fluorescence microscope. The expression of GLI1 mRNA and protein was analyzed by qRT-PCR and Western blotting analysis, respectively. Results Panc-1 cell line was found to have the highest GLU expression and was selected as the target cell line for transfection. Plasmids pGCti-U6-GLIlsiRNA-1, -2, and-3 were successfully transfected into Panc-1 cells separately. After 4 weeks of G418 screening, three stably transfected cell lines named Panc-1/GIU1siRNA-1, -2, and -3 were obtained, with the transfection rates all higher than 80%. qRT-PCR and Western blotting analysis showed that the expression levels of GLI1 in Panc-1/GIUlsiRNA-1, -2, and -3 cellswere all significantly lower than those in Panc-1/siControl cells and the blank control cells(P<0. 05), with the lowest expression found in Panc-1/GLIlsiRNA-1 cels. Conclusion We have successfully constructed a cell line Panc-1/GLI1siRNA-1 with GLU gene stably silenced, which paving a way for future research.