There should be confusion about diagnosis and treatment for multiple segments cervical myelopathy in some respects. The author reviewed the literature and combined with clinical experience, proposed a new classification for cervical myelopathy according to responsibility segment areas, which dividing into single segment,double segments (continues or jumping type), multi-segment (≥ three segments). The responsible segments determination is the premise of diagnosis and also a key to determine surgical decompression segment. Decompression only according to imaging was not desirable, surgical segment should mainly relies on clinical, imaging, electrophysiological and comprehensive analysis to avoid surgery range expansion. Surgical approach and procedures are still the focus and hotspot of cervical myelopathy treatment, and no treatment standards and corresponding guidelines to consult. The author proposes that surgical approach should advocate the individual, and surgical procedure should follow simple instead of complicate, anterior and posterior combined decompression is not necessary in most cases, and anterior and posterior fixation are not need.
Cervical Vertebrae ; surgery ; Decompression, Surgical ; Humans ; Spondylosis ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome

With the progresses of the research on "Digital Human", more and more information has been needed for the setting up of the three-dimensional digital models of human organs. In the present paper, based on the method of block mapping with a normal-style bump mapping method, we normalized the vector of the surface of the models, computed offset of the texture coordinates and added to them. The projection of the coordinates to the tangential space complemented the disturbance to the vector of models' surface. The method was proposed with bump texture mapping on the surface of the biological models of organs to improve the impression of the visualization of the organ models and to enhance the sense of reality of the models.
Humans ; Models, Anatomic ; Models, Biological

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of TCM combined with western medicine for advanced gastric cancer.Methods We retrieved literatures of randomized controlled clinical trials related (from January 1991 to June 2012) to the use of TCM combined with western medicine treatment for advanced gastric cancer and made meta-analysis including:the effectiveness,Kamofsky scores and publication bias.Results 44 papers (including 3088 AGC patients) were included.Meta analysis suggested a difference between the treatment group and the control group in effectiveness (Z＝ 6.12,P＜ 0.01),and K score (Z＝ 3.31,P＜0.01).The effectiveness of the reatment group and the control group are 97.8％ and 73.4％ respectively.Conclusion The combined treatment resulted in an improved quality of effectiveness and Kamofsky scores.

Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; Guanine ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Hepatitis B ; immunology ; Hepatitis B Antibodies ; immunology ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; immunology ; Humans ; Reproducibility of Results ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; Stem Cells ; Tissue Donors

Objective To investigate the effects of Thomas solution in combination with nitroglycerine of different concentrations on rat cardiac preservation for 8 h. Methods Thirty Wistar rats were selected,and Langendorff heart perfusion models were established.Rats were randomly divided into Thomas solution group,Thomas solution+4?10-6 mol/L nitroglycerine group and Thomas solution+4?10-5 mol/L nitroglycerine group(n=10).After hypothermic preservation(4 ℃)for 8 h,the cardiac function of each group was determined.Tissues of left ventricular wall were obtained,and changes of myocardial ultrastructure were observed by electron microscopy. Results Compared with Thomas solution group,the cardiac function was significantly improved and the myocardial ultrastructure injury was less severe in Thomas solution+4?10-5 mol/L nitroglycerine group after hypothermic preservation(4 ℃)for 8 h,while there was no significant difference in myocardial ultrastructure injury and cardiac function between Thomas solution group and Thomas solution+4?10-6 mol/L nitroglycerine group. Conclusion Thomas solution in combination with 4?10-5 mol/L nitroglycerine can significantly improve the preservation effects for isolated hearts in rats.

Smoke water and distillation liquid were used to treat the seeds of Trichosathes kirilowii and to study the effects of smoke water and distillation liquid on the seed germination and seedling growth of T. kirilowii. The results showed that germination rate, germination index and germination vigor of T. kirilowii all were significantly improved with the treatment of SW and DL treatment. The activity of α-amylase were significantly increased with the treatment of SW and DL at 1:2,000. SW and DL treatment showed no significant effects on the activity of SOD. The activity of POD were markedly enhanced under the treatment of SW (1:000) and DL (1:2,000). CAT activity were increased with the treatment of SW and DL at 1:2,000 while were inhibited by SW and DL at 1:500. Seedling height and root length were increased with the treatment of SW and DL (1:1,000, 1:2,000). SW and DL treaments improved the content of chlorophyll, and moreover with the concentration of SW and DL, the stimulatory were also increased. This work demonstrated that smoke water and diatillation liquid at 1:2,000 could stimulate the seed germination and seedling growth of T. kirilowii, and it provided the references for the study of seed germination technology.
Agriculture ; instrumentation ; methods ; Distillation ; Germination ; Seedlings ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Seeds ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Smoke ; analysis ; Trichosanthes ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Water ; chemistry ; metabolism

Objective To analyze the clinical manifestations and possible gene mutation sites of Chinese patients in order to improve the clinician's understanding of CHARGE syndrome. Methods Clinical data were collected and blood samples were obtained from the proband of CHARGE syndrome and their relatives. The peripheral blood DNA was extracted and sequenced by PCR amplification. Mutation sites were verified by Sanger sequencing. Results For the first proband, a heterozygous mutation was detected in the intron 10 of CHD7 gene. His parents and brother did not have mutation. For the second proband, total repeat sequence in exon 7 of CHD7 gene was detected. His father carried the same mutation and his mother did not have mutation. Conclusion For the patients who are diagnosed with CHARGE syndrome based on the clinical manifestations, genetic mutation detection should be proceeded. It is useful for studying possible genetic pathogenesis and enhancing the awareness of clinicians.

OBJECTIVETo compare therapeutic effects of locking plates for the treatment of Neer 3-and 4-part proximal humerus fractures.

METHODSFrom January 2009 to June 2011, 64 patients with Neer 3-and 4-part proximal humerus fractures were treated with locked plate fixation. There were 39 patients in the 3-part group including 16 males and 23 females, with an average age of (55.12 +/- 12.52) years old; and 25 patients in the 4-part fractures group including 9 males and 16 females,with an average age of (57.92 +/- 13.14) years old. The American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score (ASES), visual analogue scale (VAS) and complications were documented for analysis before and after treatment.

RESULTSAll the patients had incision healing at the first stage. All the patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 12 to 30 months, with a mean of 16.5 months. Comparably better shoulder function recovery was achieved in the 3-part fractures group with regard to the ASES (76.14 +/- 14.10 in the 3-part fractures group vs. 65.93 +/- 11.82 in the 4-part fractures group, P < 0.05). Moreover,a statistical difference (P < 0.05) was observed regarding the VAS pain score (2.12 +/- 1.63 in the 3-part fractures group vs. 3.90 +/- 2.21 in the 4-part fractures group). For the complications rate,no statistical difference was noted between 3-part fractures group and 4-part fractures group (20.51% vs. 36.00%).

CONCLUSIONThe clinical outcomes of the 3-part proximal humerus fractures is better than the 4-part fractures proximal humerus fractures treated with locking plate. Complex proximal humeral fractures treated with locking plates can be achieved a satisfactory outcome when attention is paid to anatomic reduction, stable fixation, proper screws and plate placement, and reasonable functional exercise postoperative.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Plates ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; instrumentation ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Shoulder Fractures ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome

Adult ; Antigens, Neoplasm ; metabolism ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; pathology ; Humans ; MART-1 Antigen ; Male ; Neoplasm Proteins ; metabolism ; Osteoclasts ; pathology ; S100 Proteins ; metabolism ; Sarcoma, Clear Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Soft Tissue Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery

Objective To investigate the value of modified T staging system in the diagnosis and treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HCCA).Methods The clinical data of 95 patients with HCCA who were admitted to the Memorial Sun Yat-Sen Hospital from December 1995 to January 2010 were retrospectively analyzed.Based on the results of imaging examination,preoperative staging was determined according the modified T staging system.The prognosis of the patients in difference T stages were compared.The data were analyzed by using the chi-square test and Fisher exact test.The survival curve was drawn by Kaplan-Meier method and the survival rate was compared by using the Log-rank test.Results The diagnostic rates of ultrasound + magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP),ultrasound + computed tomography (CT) or spiral CT were 93％ (37/40) and 66％ (23/35),respectively.The diagnostic rates of ultrasound + CT or spiral CT and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP),ultrasound + CT or spiral CT and MRCP were 14/15 and 15/15,respectively.Of the 95 patients,44 received operation (including 28 cases of radical resection and 16 cases of palliative resection),16 received exploratory laparotomy,and 35 received simple internal or external drainage.For patients in T1,T2 and T3 stages,the resection rates were 71％ (30/42),50％ (12/24) and 7％ (2/29),respectively,with significant differences (x2 =30.182,P ＜0.05).The negative rates of the resection margins of patients in T1 and T2 stages were 77％ (23/30) and 5/12,respectively,2 patients in T3 stage were found with tumor residuals at the resection margin.There was a significant difference in the radical resection rate among patients in different T stages (x2 =8.204,P ＜ 0.05).Of the 44 patients who received surgical treatment,30 (68％) received concomitant partial hepatectomy.The ratios of patients in T1 and T2 stages who received concomitant partial hepatectomy were 70％ (21/30) and 9/12,respectively,with no significant difference (x2 =0.101,P ＞ 0.05).Fourteen (32％) patients received tumor resection.The incidences of complications and perioperative mortalities were 53％ (16/30) and 10％ (3/30) for patients who received concomitant partial hepatectomy,and 5/14 and 1/14 for patients who received tumor resection,with no significant differences between the 2 groups (x2 =1.188,0.094,P ＞ 0.05).The median survival time of patients who received concomitant partial hepatectomy was 29 months,which was significantly longer than 19 months of patients who received tumor resection (x2 =11.317,P ＜0.05).Eighty-six patients were followed up,and the median time of follow up was 15.6 months (range,3-70 months).The 1-year cumulative survival rates of patients in T1,T2 and T3 stages were 73.8％,58.0％ and 9.2％,respectively,and the 3-year cumulative survival rates of patients in T1,T2 and T3 stages were 33.5％,12.1％ and 0,respectively.The median survival time of patients in T1,T2 and T3 stages were 24,16 and 7 months,respectively.The prognosis of patients was getting poor as the increase of the T stages (x2 =37.07,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The modified T-staging system is beneficial to preoperative evaluation of patients with HCCA.Concomitant partial hepatectomy could improve the radical resection rate and prolong the median survival time of HCCA patients.