Disrupted pancreatic ?-cell function and decreased ?-cell number are two of the main causes of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Recent studies have indicated that autophagy plays an important role in protecting pancreatic ?-cell and in maintaining the structure,number,and secretive function of pancreatic ?-cell.Although autophagy has been a focus of study in recent years,including areas such as tumor,neural diseases and aging,but its relationship with pancreatic ?-cell was not included.In this paper we review the concept of autophagy and its role in maintaining the normal function of pancreatic ?-cells.

Objective To observe the effect of HuaTanTongLuo decoction on ischemic apoplexy of pathogenic wind and phlegm-blood stasis syndrome in the convalescent stage. Methods 57 patients of ischernic apoplexy were randomly recruited in to a control group and a treatment group. The treatment group containing 29 patients was treated with HuaTanTongLuo decoction, and the control group containing 28 patients was treated with XiaoShuanTongLuo capsule. Evaluate the effects after being treated for 8 weeks. Results The score of neurologic impairment evaluation in both groups was obviously improved in both groups (P<0.01) , with the results in the treatment group being better than the control group (P<0.05) . The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was also better than that of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion HuaTanTongLuo decoction has effects in treating ischemic apoplexy of pathogenic wind and phlegm-blood stasis syndrome in the convalescent stage.

Anemia, Iron-Deficiency ; blood ; diagnosis ; Biomarkers ; blood ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Receptors, Transferrin ; blood

Iatrogenic vertebral artery injury is a rare complication in cervical spine surgeries,the consequences of which may be catastrophic.With the extensive development of cervical spine surgeries and application of diverse new internal fixations of cervical spine,there is a potential increase of risk of iatrogenic vertebral artery injury,which should be paid attention to.This article reviews the rate,cause and management etc.of iarogenic vertebral artery injury.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) intervention on depression and anxiety in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).Methods90 patients with BPH (aged 65 years and over) from June 2009 to June 2010 were randomly assigned to control(n= 45) and CGA (n = 45) group.Control group received conventional therapy,while CGA group was given CGA and consultation therapy as well as conventional therapy.The scores of international were assayed and compared between two groups before and 6 months after treatment.ResultsThe scores of international prostate symptom score (IPSS),quality of life scale (QOLS),self-rating depression scale (SDS) and self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) in control (t= 11.0,5.84,7.08and 9.68,respectively) and CGA (t= 14.0,10.4,9.16 and 6.1,respectively)group 6 months after treatment reduced as compared with those before treatmen (all P ＜ 0.01).After 6 months of treatment,the scores of IPSS,QOLS,SDS and SAS in CGA group were lower than in control group (t= 4.25,5.55,3.45 and 2.88,respectively,all P＜0.01).ConclusionsCGA intervention can improve the quality of life in BPH patients and alleviate their depression and anxiety.

Objective To evaluate the clinical usefulness of MR imaging(MRI) and MR tomography angiography(MRTA) in demonstrating the presence and degree of neurovascular contact of the rostral ventrolateral medulla oblongata(RVLM) in root entry zone of the 9th and 10th cranial nerves in patients with essential hypertension(EHT) and normotensive health volunteers(NTHV).Methods(Patients with) EHT(group 1,n=100) and NTHV(group 2,n=88) underwent high-resolution(axial and coronal) brain stem MRI and MRTA.Images were interpreted consensually by tow radiologists who were blinded to the patients hypertensive status.Neurovascular contact was graded as vessel contact without RVLM deformity(gradeⅠ),clear vessel contact in continuity with the brain stem but without apparent associated deformity(graded Ⅱ), and displacement contact of the RVLM(graded Ⅲ).Results(Neurovascular) contact of RVLM was found in 52.0%(52/100) of EHT and in 43.2%(38/88) of NTHV(?~2=1.459,P=0.230).The compression rate(gradeⅠ—Ⅲ) and affected side(left or right) showed no statistically significant differences between the EHT and NTHV(?~2=0.879,P=0.350;?~2=0.238,(P=0.628);?~2=0.733,P=0.390).Conclusion Neurovascular contact is not more frequently seen in patients with EHT than in normotensive contact subject.This result does no support the hypothesis that neurovascular contact at the RVLM is an etiology of EHT.Furthermore,thin-slice(3 mm) MRI may not be a reliable good screening method for detecting patients with neurovascular contact.Therefore,MRI cannot aid patient selection among hypertension patients lacking symptomatic cranial neuralgias.

Objective To establish the quality standard for Zhitong Huazheng Dispersed Tablets.Methods Rhizoma corydalis,Radix astragali,Fructus toosendan in Zhitong Huazheng Dispersed Tablets were identified by TLC.The content of Danshensu was determined by HPLC.Results The spots on the TLC could be well separated and the method had strong specificity.The method for determinating the content of Dispersed tablets by HPLC was suitable for the quality standard with sufficient accuracy,stability and reappearance.The average recovery of Danshensu was 99.61%,RSD=1.60%(n =9).Conclusion The qualitative and quantitative analytic methods are stable and reliable.It can be used for quality control of Zhitong Huazheng Dispersed Tablets.

Objective A prospective study was performed to determine the effects of angiostatic agents on endometriosis. Methods Eutopic endometrium from endometriosis was transplanted to a non-vascular region of a chick embryo chorioallantocic membrane (CAM), and angiostatic compounds including recombinant human endostatin, thalidomide, monoclonal antibody of integrin ?v?3 and VEGF were given, their effects on the angiogenesis and on endometriosis-like lesion formation in CAM model were examined. Results Transplantation of endometrium onto the CAM led to a strong angiogenic response in the chick embryonic tissue; a number of newly formed vessels were significantly decreased in the groups using angiostatic agents compared with the control group. Endometriosis-like lesion formation was significantly impaired after treatment with angiostatic agents, and it was associated with decreased vessel density in the surrounding chorioallantoic membrane, accomponied by various degree of necrosis in the endometriosis-like lesions under microscopic observation. Conclusion Endometrium induced angiogenic response in the ectopic environment is critical for implantation and subsequent survival of the tissue. Angiostatic agents can inhibit the angiogenesis induced by eutopic endometrium and has a remarkable anti-endometriosis effect.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the approaches for clinical pharmacists to participate in the treatment for lung cancer. METHODS:Based on the work of oncology department,the content and method of clinical pharmacist participating in clinical drug therapy were introduced in the terms of rationality,drug interaction,pain treatment,etc. RESULTS:Clinical pharmacists could participate in the treatment for lung cancer through paying attention to rationality of antitumor drug and ancillary drug use, drug interaction and pharmaceutical care for pain treatment,conducting special lecture for medical staff,and developing clinical study. CONCLUSION:Clinical pharmacists can provide various pharmaceutical care to promote safe and rational drug use.

Objective: To study the antitussive, expectorant and antiasthetic effects of Fortunella hindsii leaves. Methods: The antitussive effects were observed by the method of ammonia-induced cough in mice, the expectorant effects were observed by the method of phenolsulfonphthalein excretion in mice, and the antiasthmatic effects were observed by the method of histamine phosphate spray in guinea pigs. Results:The leaves of Fortunella hindsii at low, medium and high doses could decrease the cough times and prolong the cough latent period (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01), high dose could promote the phenol red excretion (P<0. 05), and high and medium do-ses could prolong the incubation period of guinea pigs for asthma caused by histamine phosphate (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). Conclu-sion:The leaves of Fortunella hindsii have promising antitussive, expectorant and antiasthmatic effects.