Objective:To explore the clinic and pathologic characteristics of primary breast lymphoma(PBL) for its diagnosis and treatment.Methods: Five cases of PBL that has been diagnosed during 1998-2005 were analyzed.Results: One patient died 1 month after her final diagnosis.Tow patients have survived 4 and 3 years,respectively,after radical operation plus chemotherapy,although inguinal lymphatic metastasis was found in the later one 2 years after her operation.Another two patients have been accepting chemotherapy for 3 months after their local resection.Conclusion: PBL is diagnosed basically by methods of pathology and immunohistochemistry,and treated mainly by chemotherapy combining with other therapies.

0.05).Conclusions HPC has protective effect on neonatal rats with cerebral hypoxia-ischemia,but it does not have obvious effect on NGB.

Objective To construct pGL4.14-1uc eukaryotic expression vector for HLA-B27 promoter gene and explore the activity regulation of this promoter in Hela cells.Methods The HLA-B27 gene promot- er(-419 bp～1 bp)was amplified by polymerase chain reaction and was cloned into pGL4.14-luc vector to construct eukaryotic expression vector pGL4.14/B27 pro-luc.The purified pGL4.14/B27 pro-luc was stablely transfected into HeLa cells and the activity of HLA-B27 gene promoter was detected by luminometer.Results About 432 bp gene fragment was amplified by PCR from genomie DNA and pGL4.14/B27 pro-luc vector was constructed successfully.The activity of HLA-B27 promoter was 1.67?0.20,1.79?0.71,2.94?0.68,1.98?0.45 in Hela stable cells after treated with TNF-?,IFN-?,IFN-?and IFN-?for 48 hours.Conclusion TNF-?. IFN-?,IFN-?and IFN-?can regulate the B27 promoter activity.The high specific activity of constructed HLA-B27 promoter eukaryotic expression vector may be a good method for further research.

Objective:To evaluate the effects of the flowable resin used as pit and fissure sealant using different etching adhesive systems.Methods:60 caries-free extracted human premolars were randomly divided into 4 groups(n =1 5)and treated by Gluma, NT and 3M-Z350 flowable resin(group A);Clearifil SE Bond adhesive and 3M-Z350 flowable resin(group B),phosphoric acid etching,3M-Z350 flowable resin and phosphoric acid etching(group C)and 3Mconcise sealant(group D)respectively.After pro-cessing the tooth surface the pit and fissue of 1 0 sample in each group were sealed.The microleakage was measured by 1 % methyl-ene blue staining(n =8).The material-enamel interface was observed by SEM(n =2).The shear bond strength of the column-shaped samples with the diameter and the height of 3 mm(n =5)on the mesial or dental surface was examined by a test machine. The sealant cartridges and flowable resin cartridges with the diameter and height of 4 mm were used for the crushing strength exami-nation(n =1 0).Results:There was no significant difference in the microleakage among the 4 groups.SEMobservation showed that the resin tags of group A were long and dense and the resin tags of group B were short and sparse,bubbles and cracks were found on the local site in group A and B.The resin tags of group C were long and thin,but combined with tooth tightly;the resin tags of group D were short and dense;the penetration was poor at the bottom of the fissures in the 4 groups.The shear bond strength of Group A was the highest(P <0.01 ),that of group C was higher than that of group B and D(P <0.05).There was no significantly difference between group B and D(P >0.05).The compressive strength of flowable resin groups was higher than that of fissure seal-ant group(P <0.05).Conclusion:The shear bond strength and compressive strength of all-etching bonding system combined with flowable resin is superior to that of self-etching bonding system combined with flowable resin and the traditional sealant.Using Prime&Bond NT bond after acid etching may improve the shear bonding strength.

Background:Cytapheresis has been used gradually in the treatment of ulcerative colitis( UC),however,its efficacy is still controversial. Aims:To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of cytapheresis on UC. Methods:PubMed, Embase,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,CNKI,Wanfang and VIP database were retrieved to collect the randomized controlled trials( RCTs)using cytapheresis for UC. Article selection,data extraction and quality evaluation were conducted independently by two reviewers. Meta-analysis was conducted by using RevMan 5. 3 software. Results:A total of 20 RCTs involving 1 354 UC patients were included. The results of the meta-analysis showed that cytapheresis was superior to conventional therapy or sham procedure in inducing clinical response(RR=1. 36,95% CI:1. 20-1. 55,P﹤0. 000 01), clinical remission(RR=1. 38,95% CI:1. 15-1. 66,P=0. 000 5)and maintenance of remission(RR=2. 92,95% CI:1. 40-6. 08,P=0. 004 ),and no differences in adverse events were found( RR =0. 37,95% CI:0. 11-1. 24,P =0. 110). Conclusions:Cytapheresis has porfound effect on induction of clinical response, clinical remission and maintenance of remission,and is safe as well. However,the conclusion should be verified by more large-scale and multi-center RCTs.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of infliximab (IFX) in Crohn′s disease (CD) and its effects on mucosal healing and promoting fistula closure.Methods Between September 2007 and February 2011,relevant clinical data of CD patients treated with IFX in the Department of Gastroenterology,Ruijin Hospital were collected and the efficacy and safety of IFX were retrospectively analyzed.After IFX therapy,the efficacy evaluation included laboratory index,clinical efficacy,efficacy of fistula closure and mucosal healing.The data were analyzed using t test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test.Results A total of 22 patients were enrolled in this study,11 males and 11 females; the mean age was 29.3 years.The dosage of IFX was 5 mg/kg to 10 mg/kg at week 0,2,6to induce remission,and every 8 weeks on maintenance therapy.Of 22 patients,16 patients were active CD.One case dropped out.At week 14,of the remaining 15 cases,11 cases achieved clinical remission,two cases achieved clinically effective and two cases were ineffective.Crohn′s disease activity index (CDAI) (112±80) and ESR [(13±11) mm/1 h] of week 14 decreased compared with that of week 0 [(186±88),(21± 15) mm/1 h,P=0.04 and 0.007].Two cases of 10 patients with fistula dropped out as a result of ineffective,while eight cases had a partial response and six patients sustained response during the maintenance therapy,but no fistula closed and completely disappear.Seven patients reviewed by endoscopy after five times IFX therapy (24 weeks),after therapy the simple endoscopic score for Crohn′ s disease (SES-CD) ( 3.21 ± 2.89 ) decreased compared with that before treatment (5.86±3.02) (Z＝-2.38,P＝0.018).Eleven times of adverse events were found in nine patients,infusion reaction and respiratory tract infection were more common and no severe adverse effect was observed.Conclusions IFX can rapidly improve clinical symptoms and with good safety.The effects in mucosal healing and fistula closure may occur at early medication.

BACKGROUND: Spondyloarthropathies(SpA) are a group of interrelated disorders that involve the spine, peripheral joints, and tissues around or outside the joints. SpA are most common in young males, and both the incidence and the mutilation rate are very high. It is important to evaluate the disease activity of patients with SpA since the evaluation can help in therapeutic selection and prognostic prediction of SpA. But up to now there still has not been a widely clinically acceptable criterion to evaluate the disease activity of SpA.OBJECTIVE: To study the worth of color Doppler(CD) in assessing the disease activity of patients with SpA.DESIGN: Non-random and self-control clinical study based on the patients.SETTING: All patients recruited in this study were from department of rheumatology of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University. And all the ultrasonic examinations were conducted in the department of ultrasound of the same hospital.PARTICIPANTS: Thirty(24 males and 6 females) patients with SpA who met the European SpA Study Group criteria for the classification of SpA issued in 1991 and consented to be examined by CD were included.METHODS: CD was used to determine the blood perfusion at 18 major entheses of lower limbs of each patient with a semi-quantitative method. Blood sample was also taken from the patients for the examination of erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR) and C reactive protein(CRP) . The disease activity of the patients was also evaluated with the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: To observe the inter-correlations between entheseal blood perfusion, ESR, CRP and BASDAI.RESULTS: 80% of the 30 patients were detected to have positive perfusion in at least one enthesis of the 18 examined entheses, and all together 84 entheses were found to have positive perfusion among the 540 entheses being detected(positive rate 15.6% ) . The sum of entheseal perfusion detected in all the 18 sites was statistically correlated with the sum of patients' ESR,CRP, BASDAI respectively with the correlation coefficients of 0. 658, 0. 428and 0. 821 (all P ＜ 0.05) . ESR and CRP were also statistically correlated with BASDAI and their correlation coefficients were 0. 675 and 0. 368(Both P ＜ 0.05) . The sum of perfusion detected in the 18 entheses sites was correlated with BASDAI better than ESR or CRP was.Detecting the.entheseal perfusion by CD can help to determine the disease activity of patients with SpA, and then to guide selecting therapeutic strategy. It is also important for following up and prognosis.

BACKGROUND: Seronegative spondyloarthropathies(SpA) are a group of diseases involving the spine, peripheral joints and structures around the joints that mostly occur in adult males with high morbidity and disability rate. Presently, it is widely believed that enthesis is the initiated site of SpA so that enthesitis is an important pathologic base and one of the characteristic clinical manifestations of SpA, however, there is no specific clinical manifestation enthesitis.OBJECTIVE: To compare the difference on entheseal blood flow between health volunteers and patients with SpA and explore the value of color Doppler(CD) in assessing the pathological change of enthesis.DESIGN: Non-randomized case controlled study to patients SETTING: Department of Rheumatology, Department of Ultrasound of a university, Department of Rheumatology of General Hospital of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 30 patients with SpA admitted into Third Affilated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University during August 2001 to April 2002 and willing to take CD examination were selected as case group. All of them met the classification criteria of SpA set up by the European SpA Study Group in 1991 with 24 males and 6 females. Thirty healthy workers and students working or studying in the same Hospital were enrolled as volunteers for the control group, none of them had any histories of arthropathy or chronic lower back pain, and there were 22 males and 8 females among them.INTERVENTIONS: Color Doppler was used to examine the blood flow of 18entheses in lower limbs of every healthy volunteers and SpA patients and semi-quantitative method was used to classify the blood flow.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Blood flow of enthesesRESULTS: Among 30 healthy volunteers, 5 cases(16.7% ) had been detected blood flow from at least one enthesis. From the 540 entheses being examined, 9entheses were detected blood flow signals of grade Ⅰ, the positive rate was 1.7%. While among 30 SpA patients, 24(80.0%) had at least one enthesis being detected for positive blood flow. Eighty-four of totally 540 exanined entheses were found for positive blood flow signals with a positive rate of 15.6%, and the number of entheses with grade Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ of blood flow were 19, 33 and 32 respectively among the 84 positive entheses. There was significantly different in the positive rate of blood flow and classification of entheses between SpA patients and healthy volunteers by x2 test (P＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION: Colour Doppler examination is an effective way to detect the blood flow of enthesis. There were blood flow abnormity in the entheses of lower limbs in patients with SpA.

To develop a core-shell structure pDNA-CaPi-PLGA nanoparticles (CS-pDNA-CaPi-PLGA-NPs), calcium phosphate-pDNA nano complexes (CaPi-pDNA) were encapsulated inside of PLGA shells. The characteristics of the nanoparticles, including morphology, average particle size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, loading efficiency, stability in medium, pDNA protection ability from nuclease degradation, in vitro release, cytotoxicity and cell transfection were investigated and compared with the embedded structured CaPi modified PLGA nanoparticles (embedded-pDNA-CaPi-PLGA-NPs). The results showed that the obtained CS-pDNA-CaPi-PLGA-NPs were spherical in shape with an average particle size of (155 +/- 4.5) nm, zeta potentials of (-0.38 +/- 0.1) mV, entrapment efficiency of (80.56 +/- 2.5)% and loading efficiency of (1.16 +/- 0.04)%. The CS-pDNA-CaPi-PLGA-NPs were stable in the release media and could protect pDNA against nuclease degradation. And they also exhibited sustained release of pDNA in vitro. The highest gene transfection efficiency of the CS-pDNA-CaPi-PLGA-NPs in vitro reached (24.66 +/- 0.46)% (after 72 h transfection), which was significantly higher than that of free pDNA [(0.33 +/- 0.04)%, P < 0.01] and the pDNA-PLGA-NPs [(1.5 +/- 0.07)%, P < 0.01]. Besides, the transfection lasted for longer time than that of embedded-pDNA-CaPi-PLGA-NPs and the cytotoxicity of it was significantly lower than that of PEI (P < 0.01). These results indicate that CS-pDNA-CaPi-PLGA-NPs are a promising non-viral gene vector. Key words: gene delivery system; polylactic-co-glycolic acid; calcium phosphate; nanoparticle

Objective To investigate the analgesic efficacy of intrathecal injection of RC-13,a competitive kinesin superfamily protein 17 antagonist,in a mouse model of bone cancer pain.Methods Forty male C3H/HeJ mice,aged 6-8 weeks,weighing 20-25 g,were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=8 each): sham operation group (group S); bone cancer pain + 5 μl dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) group (group R0); bone cancer pain + 2.5 μg RC-13 group (group R1); bone cancer pain + 5 μg RC-13 group (group R2) and bone cancer pain + 10 μg RC-13 group (group R3).In groups R0-3,bone cancer pain was induced by implantation of α-min-imal essence medium (α-MEM) containing osteosarcomaNCTC 2472 cells into the intramedullary space of right femur.In group S,culture medium α-MEM containing no cancer cell was injected instead.10％ DMSO 5 μl and RC-13 2.5 μg/5 μl,5μg/5μ1 and 10 μg/5 μ1 dissolved in 10％ DMSO were injected intrathecally in groups R0-3,respectively,once a day for 3 consecutive days starting from 14th day after inoculation of the tumor cells.Pain behavior was assessed by the paw withdrawal mechanical threshold (PWMT) and spontaneous lifting times (SLTs) measured at 1 day before inoculation and at 3,5,7,10,14 days after inoculation.The same tests were also performed at 1,3,5 and 7 days after administration in groups R0-3.Results Compared with group S,PWMT was significantly decreased and SLTs were increased at 7-14 days after inoculation in the other groups (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group R0,PWMT was significantly increased and SLTs were reduced at 1 day after administration in group R1,at 1and 3 days after administration in group R2,and at 1,3 and 5 days after administration in group R3 (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group R1,PWMT was significantly increased and SLTs were reduced at 3 days after administration in group R2,and at 1,3 and 5 days after administration in group R3 (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group R2,PWMT was significantly increased and SLTs were reduced at 1 and 3 days after administration in group Rs (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Intrathecal RC-13,a competitive kinesin superfamily protein 17 antagonist,has a good analgesic efficacy in a mouse model of bone cancer pain and the efficacy is dose-dependent.