Cascade in cerebral ischemic injury may cause cholinergic dysfunction,inflammation and oxidative stress. It plays an important role in the pathological processes of vascular dementia. A large amount of basic research has confirmed that cholinesterase inhibitor and N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor inhibitor may improve cognitive function in patients with vascular dementia. However, the efficacy of these drugs has been confirmed in only a part of the patients, and their safety and efficiency have not achieved the expected results. Thus, it needs further study and exploration.

Objective To investigate different scoring systems in predicting the severity of acute pancreatitis(AP).Methods The clinical data of 1 56 patients with AP were retrospectively reviewed.Ser-um c-reactive protein(CRP)levels were measuredat admission.According to the Chinese guidelines for the management of acute pancreatitis(2007),all the patients were categorizedas either mild acute pancre-atitis(MAP)or severe acute pancreatitis(SAP).Ranson,acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE)-Ⅱ,bedside index for severity in acute pancreatitis(BISAP),and computed tomography se-verity index(CTSI)scoring systemswere calculated according to the corresponding grading standardsin all patients.Patients were divided into MAP group(APACHEⅡ <8,Ranson <3,BISAP <2,CTSI <3 and CRP <21 .4)and SAP group (APACHEⅡ≥8,Ranson≥3,BISAP≥2,CTSI≥3 and CRP≥21 .4)ac-cording to the scoring results.ROC curve was used to compare the difference among the systems.Results Among the 1 56 patients,21 (1 3.5%)were classified as SAP and 1 35 as (86.5%)MAP.AUCs for Ranson,BISAP,APACHEⅡ,CTSI,and CRP in predicting SAP were 0.69 (95%CI:0.62-0.76),0.74 (95%CI:0.66-0.80),0.78 (95%CI:0.70-0.84),0.69 (95%CI:0.61 -0.76),and 0.68 (95%CI:0.57-0.78),respectively.There were no significant differences among these scoring systems.Conclusion There were no significant differencesin predicting the severity of AP among these scoring systems. Therefore,the early prediction of SAP should consider multiple scoring systems,and the referential signifi-cance of accessing and applying a simpler laboratory indicator deserves further studies.

The effect of axon guidance factors ephrin-A1/EphA2 on the invasion of trophoblastic cells and the possible mechanism were investigated in this study. The expression of EphA2 in vascular endothelial cells was detected by immunohistochemistry. The proliferation and invasion of TEV-1 cells (an extravillous trophoblastic cell line) in first trimester were determined by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and Transwell invasion assay. Real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of ephrin-A1 in TEV-1 cells treated with EphA2 at different concentrations (10, 50, 100, 500, 1000 and 5000 μg/L). The results showed: (1) EphA2 was expressed in the vascular endothelial cells; (2) EphA2 could promote the proliferation of TEV-1 cells. The proliferative capacity reached a peak in TEV-1 cells treated with 100 μg/L EphA2 (P<0.05); (3) EphA2 could increase the invasion of TEV-1 cells. The invasive ability was the greatest in TEV-1 cells treated with 500 μg/L EphA2 (P<0.05); (4) in the presence of EphA2 (0-500 μg/L), the expression of ephrin-A1 was increased concentration-dependently (P<0.05), but when the concentration of EphA2 was over 500 μg/L, the expression of ephrin-A1 ceased to increase (P>0.05). It was concluded that EphA2 can promote the invasion and proliferation of the human extravillous trophoblastic cells probably by regulating the ephrin-A1 ligand.

Objective To understand drug use in children with common cold through comments on prescription and drug analysis,and to provide theoretical basis for standardizing medical treatment and promoting rational drug use.Methods A retrospective survey method was applied.Prescriptions of common cold in the department of pediatrics from Oct.to Dec.2015 were reviewed,and Excel 2013 was used for statistical analysis.Rationality of drug use was evaluated based onhospital prescription review management specification (try out),instructions and consensus of related experts at home and abroad.Results The utilization rate of antibacterial drugs was 93.4％in children with common cold of our hospital,utilization rate of antiviral drugs was 59.7％,utilization rate of compound cold medicine was 96.4％,and the rate of combined utilization of more than two kinds of compound medicine was 65.7％.Excessive medicine for common cold existed and abuse of cold medicine,antimicrobial and antiviral drug,irational drug combination in this hospital.Conclusion Clinical doctors lack cognition to common cold and cold medicines.Hospital pharmacy department should take effective pharmaceutical interventions to improve the level of rational drug use.

Objective:To evaluate the methods of nano-dispersion systems and the stability of samples in medical devices.Methods: By analyzing the cause of agglomeration and comparing kinds of methods to orient the elements of nano-dispersion Systems and the evaluation means. Results: To obtain the repetitive results, the foundation methods of nano-dispersion systems should be recorded in detail and all the following tests should be based on it.Conclusion: The constitution and evaluation of a dispersion system in obtaining representative and reproducible results in biological evaluation is very important and should be studied case by case.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of the application of the clinical effect of the use of lamivudine and the safety in the treatment of infantile enteritis.Methods From August 2013 to May 2016 in our hospital for diagnosis and treatment of 112 cases of enteritis were retrospectively analyzed,according to the application in the treatment of antibiotics into ceftazidime group in 60 cases,cefotiam group 52 cases,two groups of children with rehydration,correct electrolyte disorders such as basic treatment,the difference of clinical effect comparison.Results After 3d treatment,ceftazidime group stool frequency was significantly lower than that of cefotiam group(P<0.05); ceftazidime group the duration of diarrhea,stool leukocyte recovery time were significantly lower than cefotiam group(P<0.05); three day,five day after treatment of serum CRP,PCT levels were ceftazidime group significantly lower than cefotiam group(P<0.05); the two groups of serum CRP and PCT levels before treatment were significantly decreased(P<0.05); After five days treatment,5D after treatment,ceftazidime group the effective rate of 58.33％,effective 41.67％,invalid rate 0％,cefotiam group the effective rate was 42.31％,effective 53.85％,invalid rate 3.85％,ceftazidime treatment group is better than that of cefotiam group(P<0.05).Conclusion In the treatment of infantile enteritis,the effect is reliable and the safety is high.

Adrenal Cortex Diseases ; etiology ; Child ; Humans ; Sepsis ; complications ; physiopathology ; Shock, Septic ; complications ; physiopathology

Objective: To evaluate the in vitro release degree, release mechanism and dose dumping of test tablet and reference tablet Lyrica® CR. The in vivo pharmacokinetics of the test tablet and the reference tablet were further investigated using the Beagle dog as a model. Methods: With Pfizer's pregabalin sustained-release tablets(Lyrica® CR)as the reference listed drug, the in vitro release behavior was evaluated using an automatic dissolution apparatus, and similarity factor(f2)method was used to analyze the in vitro release similarity between the reference tablet and the test tablet. The in vitro release equation was fitted to evaluate the drug release mechanism. Study was conducted on dose dumping of preparations based on the relevant guiding principles of the United States, Europe and China. Finally, the pharmacokinetic parameters of the test tablet and the reference tablet in Beagle dogs were compared. Results: The f2 of the test tablet and the reference tablet were more than 80 in all five release media, and there was no sudden release in the release medium containing ethanol. The pharmacokinetic parameters of the reference tablet and the test tablet were as follows: The Tmax was(6.00±2.19)and(4.00±2.19)h, the Cmax was(19.35±11.43)and(17.25±7.77)μg/ml, and the AUC0-t was(340.37± 220.66)and(281.65 ± 196.25)h•μg/ml for the reference tablet and the test tablet, respectively. Conclusion: In this study, the release curve of the test tablet was similar to that of the reference tablet in the five media. The drug was released slowly without sudden release, and the release mechanism in vitro was similar. There was no significant difference in pharmacokinetic parameters between the test tablet and the reference tablet in beagle dogs, and the relative bioavailability was more than 80%.

With the development of the food industry in China,it has been found that food safety is becoming the biggest issue in the food manufacture and logistics. Accurate and timely to establish a risk assessment method in produce market is the challenge for food safety system. Predictive microbiology is a core early warning technology in the food safety risk assessment. According to the microorganism predicting model,the pathogen and spoilage microorganism's growth in food can be fast judgment in advance. And it plays an important part in controlling the growth of pathogen and the spoilage microorganism in food. This paper summarized the predictive microbiology model's establishment and the present research situation,and discussed the present situation and application of predictive microbiology in food safety risk assessment. The future trend of predictive microbiology in food safety risk assessment was prospected as well.

To study the function and mechanism of the NgR-Rhoa- Rock signal pathways which exists in the retinal ganglion cells apoptosis in diabetes mellitus (DM) rats.
● METHODS: Some healthy SD rats were operated by means of single intraperitoneal injection of 1%streptozotocin based on the standard of 50mg/ kg wight, after that the blood sugar value was greater than 16. 7mmol/ L as DM model, then randomly divided into 3 groups, each group was 10 rats. ln addition to take 10 healthy SD rats as control group. Four groups of rats were bilaterally eyeball intravitreal injection in turn with NgR-siRNA virus 10μ L (siRNA group), NgR-siRNA virus diluted 10μ L ( DM group), NgR - siRNA virus - negative -control solution 10μ L (siRNA blank group), NgR- siRNA virus diluted 10μ L ( normal control group ), and fed normally. During that time, some life indexes like blood glucose, body mass, etc. were measured and recorded. After 12wk, the expression of NgR and Rhoa, HE staining, and TUNNEL staining were detected by Western blot analysis.
● RESULTS: Western blot analysis: compared with normal control group, the expression of NgR and Rhoa in DM group and siRNA blank group increased significantly (P<0. 01), while siRNA group was no significant change (P > 0. 05); compared with DM group and siRNA blank group, the expression of those proteins significantly lowered in siRNA group. HE staining: compared with normal control group, some extent ganglion cells arranged disorder, irregular shape, spacing not consistent were all found in three groups of model rats;compared with DM group and siRNA blank group, there was some improvement in siRNA group of ganglion cells about the order and shape size. TUNEL staining:compared with normal control group, there were retinal ganglion cells apoptosis in all of three groups of model rats. Compared with DM group and siRNA blank group, the number of retinal ganglion cells apoptotic cells was less, and the shape of cells had improved significantly in siRNA group.
●CONCLUSlON: ln the DM phase, the expression of NgR and Rhoa were up - regulation, the condition of diabetic retinal ganglion cell apoptosis was improved after that the NgR-Rhoa-Rock signal pathways had been inhibited.