Objective To reveal the trend of change incidence of hepatitis A(HAV)in Shandong province and explore dynamic analysis methods.Method Dynamic analysis was made on data of hepatitis A in Shandong province from 1990 to 2006.Results The reported incidence of hepatitis A patients dropped from 53.97/100,000 to 1.14/100,000 in Shandong province from 1990 to 2006,which showed a marked downward trend;the groups under the age of 10 dropped from 55.60% to 5.12%,the average age of incidence moved from 14.40 years old to 40.19 years old.Conclusion The incidence of hepatitis A has been changed from prevalent to sporadic in Shandong province,and there was a further downward trend;the age of the high-risk population has been shifted to older age group;the sex ratio of incidence between males and females in the population above 10 years of age had an expansion trend,the age distribution curve differences between males and females was also expanded.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of butorphanol on postoperative catheter-related bladder discomfort(CRBD).METHODS: Sixty male cases(ASA grade Ⅰ～Ⅱ) undergoing epigastric surgery were randomly assigned to receive Butorphanol injection(n=30,trial group) or same volume of normal saline(n=30,control group) 45 min before the withdrawal of tracheal catheter.The prophylactic and analgesic effect of butorphanol on CRBD as well the adverse drug reactions such as nausea & vomiting,and dry mouth were observed.RESULTS: Both the incidence and severity of CRBD were lower in the trial group than in control group at each time point(P

Objective:To establish an in vitro model for the development of mouse spermatogenic cellsinto sperm by using the immunodefective mouse as the incubator.Methods:Tissue grafting was per-formed using testis from 1-2 days old Kun-ming mice as donor tissue and immunodefective mice as recipi-ents;the expression of TESK1 mRNA in grafts was determined by RT-PCR and the spermatogenesis fur-ther observed with histological analysis of grafts.Results:Molecular biological and histological analysesshowed that grafts post-grafting not only expressed TESK1 mRNA as in normal mouse testis,but also ex-hibited similarities in the structure of seminiferous tubules and component of spermatogenic cells,inclu-ding sperms.Conclusion:Spermatogenic cells heterotopically grafted in vitro could continuously growand complete spermatogenesis and finally develop into sperm.

Objective To optimize the solid-phase extraction method by comparison of the extraction recovery of docetaxel plas-ma samples.Methods After extracted by different solid-phase cartridges with water,acetonitrile,and different content methanol e-lution,the plasma samples were analyzed on an Phenomenex LUNA C18 column(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)with mehhanol:acetoni-trile:water(42∶26∶32,v/v/v)as the mobile phase.From the recovery achieved,the best solid phase cartridge was found.Results This method consists of using 60%-80% methanol for the elution.Among the three kinds of solid-phase being tested,Waters Oasis HLB cartridge was found to be the best one.Conclusion The average extraction recovery of the Waters Oasis HLB cartrid-ges was between 95%-105%,and it can be used in the analysis of docetaxel in plasma samples.

Humans ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature

OBJECTIVE:To study the feature of fungus infection and the drug susceptibility for the fungus in our hospital.METHODS:Fungi were cultured and isolated by routine procedure and identified by VITEK microbe automatic system.Drug susceptibility test was performed using Rosco paper disk diffusion and broth dilution method with NCCLS M27-A.RESULTS:519 strains of fungi were all Blastocystis,with Monilia albicans making up 70.3%.Mycostatin showed the highest susceptibility,followed by amphotericin B.Fluconazol and itraconazole showed poor susceptibility.CONCLUSION:The resistant strains to common antifungal drugs experienced an obvious increase in clinical practice;therefore,it is imperative to monitor the drug susceptibility of fungi.

The validity of moral education is the emphases and difficulty that current research and academic studies focus on.Taken the concept of validity as the basic point,this article analyzes the deep-seated reason why the medical ethics education loses its validity and discusses the rules to realize the validity of the medical ethics education from the aspects that the medical ethics education should return to real life,adapt to psychology laws and penetrate through the clinical stage.

Multiagent chemotherapy has significantly improved survival for childhood ALL.However,the relapse rate with current therapies remains at 20% to 30%.Numerous studies have proved that the minimal residual disease(MRD)is associated with relapse rate.The major methods for the detection of MRD include polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and flow cytometry(FCM).The measurement of MRD in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia offers the promise of individualized,risk-stratified treatment and the prediction for post-transplant outcome.

Asphyxia Neonatorum ; therapy ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Newborn, Diseases ; Neonatology ; methods ; Resuscitation ; methods

Asphyxia Neonatorum ; complications ; Humans ; Hypothermia, Induced ; methods ; trends ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Infant, Newborn ; Neurologic Examination