BACKGROUND: Not only can auditory evoked potential (AEP) reflect electric activities of cerebral cortex and subcortex, but also have dose-effect relationship with many sorts of anesthesia agents; it is a relatively good index for monitoring anesthesia depth at present.OBJECTIVE: To analyze target controlled infusion propofol by auditory evoked potentials index during anaesthesia.DESIGN: Patients with operations were taken as objects in the randomized controlled trial.SETTING: Department of Anesthesia of Southwest Hospital of the Third Military Medical UniversityPARTICIPANTS: A total of 16 patients, with selective simply laparoscopic cholecystectomy, admitted to Department of Anesthesia of Southwest Hospital from October to November 2003, were selected and randomly divided into normal control group and auditory evoked potential index monitoring group with 8 in each group. The baseline information of the patients, such as gender, age, weight and operating time etc., was similar between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).METHODS: Same anesthesia induction method was conducted on the patients in both groups; anesthesia was maintained with propofol (10 g/L) according to ALARIS P6003 pump calculation in the two groups; age, weight and target concentration of propofol (4 mg/L) was regulated according to clinical experience, while, in auditory evoked potential monitoring group,the concentration value of propofol in effective site was regulated by maintaining auditory evoked potential index between 15 and 30. Non-invasive blood pressure, heart rate and AAI were monitored at the moment of reposing for 10 minutes after entering operating room (T0), eyelash reflex disappearing after anaesthesia induction (T1), trachea intubation (T2), 3 minutes after intubation (T3), boring abdomenal holes (T4), 30 minutes after aeroperitonia steady (T5), observer's assessment of alertness and sedation (OAA/S) ≥4 at the end of operation (T6).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Comparison of dosages of anaesthetia agents between the two groups. ② Changes of hemodynamics and auditory evoked potential index at each phase point. RESULTS: According to intention to treat analysis, all the 16 patients entered results analysis. ①Comparison of dosages of anesthesia agents between the patients in each two: The actual dosage of propofol in auditory evoked potential monitoring group was significantly lower than that in normal control group [(247.25±37.11), (337.38±36.72) mg, P ＜ 0.05], while the dosages of fentanyl and vecuronium bromide were no differences between two groups (P ＞ 0.05). ② Changes of hemodynamics and auditory eyoked potential index at each phase points of the two groups: Changes of hemodynamics at each phase points were similar between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05). Compared with T0 phase, there was no significant difference in auditory evoked potential index between the two groups in T1, T2 and T3 phases (P ＞ 0.05), however, in T4 and T5 phases, auditory evoked potential index in auditory evoked potential monitoring group was remarkably higher than that in normal control group (28.50±6.19, 21.25±4.06; 28.00±5.66,20.75±3.41; P ＜ 0.05). All patients had no awareness during the operation. CONCLUSION: Auditory evoked potential index is a new indicator for monitoring anesthesia depth, which can be helpful to regulate and control depth of anesthesia so as to avoid awareness and recall during general anesthesia.

High mobility group protein A (HMGA) plays a critical role in the development of a variety of tumors.It's expression level will abnormally increase with the increase of the malignant degrees of astrocytoma and metastasis potential.Let-7 which is a kind of small RNA endogenous coding negatively regulates HMGA genes as a tumor suppressor.The expression of let-7 reduces while HMGA rises in many kinds of tumors was obversed.Therefore,this finding provides new references for the early diagnosis of tumor and also provides new approaches for therapy of tumor.

Animals ; Bilirubin ; toxicity ; Brain ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Rabbits

The brief discussion is introduced in the paper on the academic thought of professor YAN Jie, the contemporary famous TCM doctor, on functional dyspepsia treated with acupuncture and moxibustion. Treatment based on "the three-regional acupoint selection" is applied to professor YAN's treatment for functional dyspepsia, in which, acupuncture is on Sibai (ST 2), Liangmen (ST 21) and Zusanli (ST 36), and the supplementary points are added accordingly. The academic thought is described as the combination of acupuncture and moxibustion based on strengthening healthy qi, supplemented by soothing the liver and psychological counseling. Also, an example is provided.
Acupuncture ; education ; history ; Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; history ; Adult ; Dyspepsia ; history ; therapy ; Female ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Moxibustion

Objective To study the curative effectiveness of external iliac-popliteal artery artificial graft cross bypass in treating extensive arterial occlusion in unilateral lilac-femoral arteriosclerosis. Methods From Sep. 1999 to Oct. 2007, 39 elder patients were diagnosed as having extensive arterial occlusion in unilateral lilac-femoral arteriosclerosis by color Doppler ultrasonography, CTA or DSA. 25 patients (61.5%) had resting pain, 14 had ulcers or gangrenes in the toes. The average ankle-brachial index was 0. 19. Contralateral external iliac-popliteal artery artificial graft cross bypass surgeries were performed on 22 patients from left to right, the other 17 were from right to left. Results There were no perioperative death or amputation. The ankle-brachial index increased from 0 ～ 0. 41 ( preoperative ) to 0. 85 ～ 1.02(postoperative) ; the claudication distance increased from 15 ～ 60 m (preoperative) to 350 ～ 500 m or more than 500 m [ postoperatively at the speed of (100 ～ 120) m/min] ; The postoperative color Doppler uhrasonography showed the average velocity of the popliteal artery was 45 cm/s. In the anterior tibial artery or the posterior tibial artery, little blood flow was showed in preoperative color Doppler ultrasonography examination, the postoperative average blood flow velocity was 41 cm/s. 35 patients (89. 7% ) were followed up for an average of 3.4 years, with an accumulative patency rate of 85.7%. Four patients had amputation, the limb salvage rate is 88.6%. Conclusion External iliac-popliteal artery artificial graft cross bypass is effective in treating unilateral lilac-femoral arterial occlusion, particularly for aged patients with vital organ incompetence.

Obstructive jaundice is a common disease of hepatobihary surgery,including malignant and benign ones whose treatment and prognosis are obviously different.Malignant obstructive jaundice is one of the dieseases with a worse curative effect,the surgical treatment of this disorder has made much progress in recent years.however there are also some points of disagreement.This acticle reviews the advances of the preoperative preparation,radical excision and palliative drainage in the surgical treatment of malignant obstructive jaundice by reviewing the pertiment literature of China and abroad of recent years.

Objective To study the role of Schwann cells apoptosis in the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune neuritis(EAN) in TNF receptor Ⅰ knock out(TNFR Ⅰ-/-)mice.Methods For induction of EAN,TNFRⅠ-/- and wild type C57BL/6 mice were immunized by subcutaneous injection into the back with the peripheral nerve P0 protein peptide 180-199;clinical scores of EAN were assessed and scored immediately before immunization(day 0) and thereafter every other day until day 46 post immunization(p.i.).On day 22 p.i.,Schwann cells were collected from the two groups and cultivated in vitro.The expressions of Fas and Annexin-Ⅴ(Annexin-Ⅴ+/PI-)on Schwann cells from TNFRⅠ-/-and wild type EAN were detected by flow cytometry.Results More light clinical signs of EAN were observed in the TNFRⅠ-/-mice(1.50?0.19) than in wild type mice(1.90?0.16);the percentage of Fas expression on Schwann cells was significantly decreased in TNFRⅠ-/-mice(88.03%?1.40%)as compared with wild type mice(94.70%?1.53%)(P

AIM: To study whether the excitatory amino acids (EAAs)-triggered excitotoxicity contribute to the evolution of hyperbilirubinemia-associated brain injury. METHODS: Newborn rabbits with hyperbilirubinemia were decapitated and then, Na~+-K~+-ATPase activities, neurotransmitters and non-neurotransmitters concentration in brains were determined. RESULTS: It was found that the activities of Na~+-K~+-ATPase both in brains and cytomembrane and the amounts of glutamate (P

Objective To investigate the expression of CD55 and its implication on prognosis for patients with gastric stromal tumors.Methods Expression of CD55 was detected by immunohistochemistry staining and the correlation between CD55 and clinicopathological features and prognosis were analyzed on 60 cases of primary gastric stromal tumors from January 2010 to October 2012.Results Of the 60 patients with gastric stromal tumors there were 33 males and 27 females.CD55 was mainly located in the cytoplasm of gastric stromal tumors.There was no statistical difference between CD55 expression and patients' gender and age (P ＞ 0.05).Moreover,the expression of CD55 was closely related to tumor size,mitotic counts,2008 NIH classifications,and distant metastasis at the first visit to the hospital (P ＜ 0.05).During a median follow-up of 58.5 (range 23-78) months,14 patients had tumor progression.Log-rank univariate survival analysis showed tumor size,mitotic counts,2008 NIH classifications,radical resection,distant metastasis at the first clinical visit and CD55 expression were related to progression-free survival (P ＜ 0.001).COX multivariate survival analysis showed that tumor size (HR 11.504,95％ CI:1.085-122.011,P =0.043) and CD55 expression (HR 11.819,95％ CI:1.827-76.477,P =0.01) were independent prognostic factors.Conclusions Up-regulated CD55 might play an important role in the development and metastasis of gastric stromal tumors.

BACKGROUND: After excision of vertebra and cervical intervertebral disc, repairs of bone defect after reducing pressure mainly have used titanium mesh and ilium for a long time, but the effect is not perfect. OBJECTIVE: To prepare nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide66 (n-HA/PA66) composites, and to test the representation and biomechanical properties. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A repeated and comparative study was performed at Laboratory of Inorganic Material, College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics from January to December 2008. MATERIALS: Nano-hydroxyapatite crystal was prepared using hydrothermal reaction, and the nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide66 of bone-grafting specimens was prepared by co-precipitation, cold-pressing and sintering. METHODS: Normal C_5 samples were implanted into different materials and then internal-fixed using screw to test the biomechanics. The grouping was as following: normal cervical vertebra group, n-HA/PA66 ilium-grafting internal fixation group, and ilium-grafting internal fixation group. Physiological motion of cervical vertebra was simulate to human body at neutral, flexion, extension and lateral-flexion positions. MAIN OUTCOM MEASURES:① The phase of the composites was characterized by X-ray diffraction. ② The group of thecomposites was analyzed by infrared spectrum. ③ Scanning electron microscopy was used to analyze the scaffold of bone-grafting specimens. ④ The measurements of biomechanical properties were carried out with normal cervical specimens, bone-grafting specimens and the ilium-grafting specimens. RESULTS: ① X-ray diffraction results revealed that the main diffraction curves of nano-hydroxyapatite and polyamide66 remained in the composites, but n-HA would widen and weaken the β crystals in polyamide66. ② Infrared spectrum results showed that nano-hydroxyapatite and polyamide66 were mainly linked by hydrogen-bonding. ③ Scanning electron microscopy examined the scaffold of bone-grafting and revealed that the composites had tight combination and good interface. ④ The measurements of biomechanical properties indicated that the bone-grafting specimens had better performances in load-strain, load-displacement and stress intensity in comparison with ilium-grafting ones, only a little bit lower than the normal cervical vertebrae. CONCLUSION: The bone-grafting specimens have outstanding biomechanical properties and are an ideal kind of material to instead cervical vertebrae.